...Capstone Exam Hum130 – Religions of the World Instructor Cynthia Stewart March 2013 Student Name: Date: March 21, 2013 Directions: For Sections I-IV, type your answers in the gray spaces provided, which will expand as you type. For Section V, type your answer in the white space as you normally would. You may use your textbook to complete this exam. In the essay sections of the exam, you will need to properly cite your source, including page number, if you use a direct quotation. Example: (Fisher, 2005, pg. 207). You may not use other sources, including the Internet, in answering these questions. You may of course bring any knowledge of your own to bear in answering, but if you copy or paraphrase information from any source other than our textbook, you will receive a grade of zero for the entire exam. Section I: Definitions (5 points each, 30 points total) Define these pairs of words immanent and transcendent - Immanent is believing that a sacred being(s) exist within the world and are present among us. Transcendent is the belief that a sacred being(s) exist outside of our world. sacred and profane - Sacred is a connection with God or a religious purpose that deserves veneration. Profane refers to the mundane things that exist in the world. cult and sect - A cult represents a distinct break from other traditions. A sect is a splinter group or a subgroup associated with a larger tradition. theistic and nontheistic - Theistic is a religion...
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...studied. Some of these scholars considered how religious practices can assist in bringing these religious societies together. It is also a way for normal individuals to communicate with the divine medium. These religious practices can be centered around an intentionally created object called an artifact in which is used to organize the physical existence and a person’s mind. The Ten Commandments is one of these artifacts in particular in which plays a fundamental role towards the religions of Christianity and Judaism (“Ten Commandments”). Although this artifact pertains to both religions, this essay will focus on Christianity’s interpretation of this sacred artifact due to this being the religion I know best. By analyzing this sacred artifact, the Ten Commandments, one can understand the significant role it plays into the religion of Christianity based on the fascinating history...
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...confusing to some people nowadays, but, when put into the context of the location, time, and mindset of the people who created these laws, they become much more reasonable within that framework. In this essay, two distinct sets of laws from the ancient civilizations will be compared and contrasted; The Code of Hammurabi, by Hammurabi, the sixth Babylonian king in the 1700s B.C. and the Ten Commandments and Exodus, written, or at least attributed to Moses. The first difference that must be noted is the way that the laws are introduced, or the prologues, one obviously polytheistic, the other blatantly monotheistic. The Code of Hammurabi says in its prologue, “at that time Anum and Enlil named me to promote the welfare of the people.”1 It also mentions Igigi and Anumnaki, minor gods who attend to the major gods Enlil and Anum respectively, so very clearly a polytheistic setting there, as these gods appoint Hammurabi as the promoter of the people’s welfare. The Ten Commandments states, in contrast, “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery, you shall have no other gods before me.”2 This starting sentence immediately says that there is only one god, and later in the passage it also mentions as one of the laws not to create any idol.3 These two societies then might be said to have different social values in the idea that as a monotheistic person, you would be expected to put more value in the self rather than the community, mono- meaning...
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...invention Commercial Break!!: Creative Play With Media Influence Purpose: Works well to introduce a personal visual media paper, or other media analysis paper, because it encourages students to think critically about their childhood experiences with TV, etc in a personal, creative way. The exercise may become an early paper draft, or simply stimulate their thinking about the programs and commercials they have watched, and how these media affected them. Description: Students will write creative narratives about a childhood TV experience, then trade papers with another classmate, who will assess the program, the narrator, and then complete the narrative with a commercial break description suited to the program and audience. You may want to have your own example written up to read to them before each step, just to get them thinking about what’s possible. Suggested Time: 20 minutes to a full class period Procedure: Ask the class what their favorite shows were as kids: cartoons, sitcoms, even documentaries. You may want to bring in a few stills or uTube clips to project (in a tech class), as a memory jogger (ex. The Cosby Show, Ren & Stimpy, etc). Once you’ve discussed a nice variety of TV programs, ask the class to freewrite for 5-10 minutes (however long you wish to tell them) in first-person P.O.V. about their experience watching a show like these as a kid. They should be specific and detailed, writing whatever comes to memory about what’s going on in the program and their thoughts/reactions/and...
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...helpful in distinguishing this. Nucci believes there are three areas that encompass social behaviour: First, the personal domain, where individuals have preferences for things that have no factual measurements (for ex: gum over lollipops). Secondly, the domain of social conventions, where rules could be different and it wouldn't make any difference and thirdly the moral domain, where behaviours and intrinsically right or wrong. In cultures around the world people are accustomed to the idea that people are in authority of them and rules enforced by that authority. In my essay, an argument will be made that morality and law are not independent of each other by examining the teaching of morality to children, who is to blame for children behaviours and the religious morality of the ‘Ten Commandments’. Before it can be determined if one has morals, one has to know exactly what morals are. Lord Devlin, in an essay "Morals and the Criminal Law" in The Philosophy of Law (ed R.M Dworkin), Oxford (1977) at p 74"Society means a community of ideas; without shared ideas on politics, morals and ethics, no society can exist. Each one of us has ideas about what is good and what is evil; they cannot be kept private from the society in which we live. If men and women try to create a society in which there is no fundamental agreement about good and evil they will fail; if, having based it on common agreement, the agreement goes, the society will disintegrate.” "For society is not something that...
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...Within this essay, I will compare and contrast the characters, conflict, settings, and tone that are found within the stories of “The Destructors” by Graham Greene and “The Rocking-Horse Winner” by D.H. Lawrence. I will also point out the vast similarities in both of these short stories. It is my intention to show you the how these are centered around biblical truths. Both of these short stories are written by British authors, but in different eras. Each of these stories was written during post war periods. “The Rocking-Horse Winner” was written shortly after World War I and “The Destructors” after World War II. This is integrated into the story of “The Destructors” as part of the history of the area. After each of these world conflicts, the economy and living conditions of England was that of simple survival. I believe that these events are used by the authors in describing the hardships of the times within both stories. Both stories are centered on young boys. Paul is the main character of “The Rocking-Horse Winner” and Trevor in “The Destructor.” Besides their young age, these two boys had quite a different life. Paul did not have any friends that were his own age in the story. The two predominate characters in his life were the gardener, Bassett and his uncle, Oscar. Paul led a secluded life, away from other children. He turned all his frustrations and energy inward toward a personal goal of obtaining luck and money. In contrast, Trevor was a member of...
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...Chasidic Judaism Heather Ramirez University of Phoenix/HUM 130 Abstract Judaism is a Jewish religion. In this essay you will read about Judaism and how Chasidics are the most ‘Joyous’ of the Jewish society. There will also be information in this report about Chasidic Judaism and what it means to be Chasidic. When did the Chasidic Movement start, in relation to Judaism? According to Rabbi Novack, when did Judaism begin? What are the three main Holidays in Judaism? How are Bat Mitzvah and a Bar Mitzvah similar, yet so different? Why do they believe so intensely about circumcision? Are Jewish people, the chosen people of God? Comparing Chasidic Judaism to Christianity? Let us start to explore the world, and find out what Chasidic Judaism is all about. The Start of Judaism Judaism started when Moses went up to the Mount of Sinai after leading God’s people out of Egypt. According to Rabbi Novack (personal communication 2009) ‘this occurs when God gave Moses the Ten Commandments and the Torah for the Jewish people to follow.’ Since Pharaoh would not release God’s people they would endure the seven plagues. The passage in the Torah Mosheh 2: Shemot /שׁמות is the same as in the Christian Bible; Exodus Chapter 12. The list of the Seven Great Plagues as listed on Bibleplus that allowed the Hebrews to leave Egypt is as follows but ten actually occurred: 1. The plague of blood 2. The plague of frogs 3. The plague of gnats 4. The plague of flies (God makes a distinction...
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...Worldview Essay Michael Pomeroy December 2, 2011 CWV 301-(2) Chip Lamca When it come’s to a worldview, I could never figure mine out. I have never been to church and I have never prayed for anything, but I always had a belief that there was a God. After studying different views, I found myself being a theistic worldview because I believe in a God but haven’t studied much a bout that God. Who is God and what are His characteristics? “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth” (Genesis 1:1). Therefore, God created earth and everything on earth including humans. “Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable his judgments, and his paths beyond tracing out!” (Romans 11:33) There are many characteristics or attributes of God. God is all-powerful; His power is unlimited. God imposes the only limitation on His power. (Genesis 18:25) God is all knowing, He possesses all knowledge. Since God is everywhere at one time, He knows everything. What is the nature of the universe? I have two different opinions about this question. First, I believe that God created the universe and the nature of the universe is to show us how great and powerful God is. My second opinion or thought is if God did create the universe to show us how powerful He is does he protect other forms of life in the universe? What is a human being and what happens when one dies? A human being is a creation of God that consists of a spirit and soul. From what I have...
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...APOL 104 Critical Thinking Essay This term we have covered a reasonable amount of materials based on the different types of religions in the world. There are many religions that have strong views and principles, and in order to understand them we must have an open mind and a true understanding of their beliefs. For the purpose of this essay, I will focus on the world views of Islam and compare it to Christianity. Part I Islam is a traditional monotheistic religion that urbanized in the Middle East, Common Era was 622 A.D. According to the Arabic faith, Islam means “Submission” to the will of God . Followers of Islam are known as Muslims. They believe Islam was founded on the teachings of the last Holy Prophet Muhammad. Abraham, Moses and Jesus (to name a few) were also a series of prophets of Allah. Muslims believe “Allah” is the only God. He is the creator and sustainer of the world, Muhammad was his messenger. In Islam, Allah created mankind separate from animals. Animals are not abused nor killed. Muslims endeavor’s to live an Islamic lifestyle. They sustain their identity by believing Islam is the only way of life. They fully submitted to the will of Allah by being good and doing what’s right has human beings. Muslims seek knowledge and guidance from the sacred scriptures of Qur’an. Muslims hypothetical assumed the Bible became a misrepresentation of God. The Holy Prophet Muhammad repeated the words of God through the Angel Gabriel. Muhammad and ...
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...Week 1 Ethics Essay xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Ethics and Social Responsibility xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx Ethics Essay Ethics is a branch of philosophy that uses the behavior of people to determine the difference between what is morally right and wrong. This essay will compare and contrast three theories of ethics: Virtue, utilitarianism, and deontological. The Virtue theory focuses on a person’s virtue or moral character to define his or her behavior. Beginning with the Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle, they used reason to ask what traits make a good person? They determined that a virtue is a trait of good character that is continually practiced and manifests itself in habitual actions. These character traits would exemplify a persons “better nature.” The early Greeks believed that by acquiring the right virtues, you would act in the right way. Aristotle said that a moral virtue is a mean between two extremes, the one involving excess and the other deficiency. He believed a person who learned these good habits would continue to seek the actions to further excellent moral character. This action would lead a person to the find the medium between both extremes, but he also believed that each action was dependent on the person so no one moral mean would be sufficient. Utilitarianism is a theory put forward by Jeremy Bentham. Bentham created the Principle of Utility that states, “We should command an action if it produces benefits, advantages, please, good...
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...There has been a lot of confusion about whether human nature is good or evil. Confucius believed that “all people [h]ave a duty to observe the rites and rituals handed by their ancestors” (Mencius 94). Two of Confucius’s followers, Mencius and Hsun Tzu had different views on his belief. Mencius believed that man is “[i]nherently good and with proper training could be perfect” (94). However, Tzu believed that man is “[i]nerently evil and required rites to keep them in check (Mencius 94). Looking back thought out history evil has always been naturally inside of us due to our selfishness, disregard for authority and our greediness. Man is only aware of his own needs, wants, pain, and pleasures. In “Examples of Selfish People,” Taylor describes...
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...and decrease suffering in this world, and therefore he would suggest that she abort, though he also stated that she must make this choice for herself. Richard emphasized the lifelong suffering of both the child with Down syndrome and Susan as the child’s caretaker and stated that it may be immoral to bring a baby into the world if she knew the kind of suffering the child would experience. In fact, Richard suggest that perhaps the most ethical course of action would be to prevent this baby from living a life full of suffering. How would Susan respond? What decision should she make if her baby would suffer with Down syndrome, yet she wants to have a baby? Abbreviated Abortion Ethical Dilemma Essay Ethical dilemmas are complicated situations where people have to choose alternatives of two moral principles that are in conflict, which constitute the sense of what is right and what is wrong. All over the world, people face ethical dilemmas whether these dilemmas are described as personal or professional dilemmas or whether these dilemmas are minor or serious that results in negative consequences. Upon facing ethical dilemmas, people use their...
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...Beginning chapter one with citing one of the ten commandments, “Thou shall not steal,” Wayne Grudem sets the stage of what is about to come; a black and white analysis on how having business success does not necessarily make you fall short of being a “good” Christian. As a well-known, very credible Christian theologist, one may wonder why Grudem would venture out to right a book solely about business. “Business for the Glory of God,” looks at business ownership, profitability, money, competition, and borrowing and lending, just to name a few topics. This essay will take a look at a few of the controversial topics, and share insight of why they may or may not be feasible arguments for why business is, “a gift from God.” When Grudem speaks of the commandment that states, “Thou shall not steal,” he uses this as evidence that by stealing, one must have their own possessions, and if we did not have possessions, this commandment would make no sense. This is a reasonable assumption, therefore it can be a good way to begin discussing how ownership is not so bad; on the contrary, if Grudem is unable to offer clear, factual information, his credibility may waiver. Chapter one continues with Grudem’s discussion of how ownership is not synonymic for greed, and if one is selfless and realizes that God is the real business owner, he has not sinned. The points that Grudem makes are quite valid, and are very simple, and to the point; the issue with this, is that these may seem like...
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...John Smith English Composition Morals According to the English dictionary, the definition of morals is as follows: “of, pertaining to, or concerned with the principles or rules of right conduct or the distinction between right and wrong”. The way we as human beings interprets this is entirely based on our community, religion, parents, government, and the society we were raised in. But what really defines what a moral is? Who’s to say that this is right and wrong? How do other cultures view our morals compared to theirs? These are but just a few questions I will be addressing in this essay. Let’s start from the beginning and break down some of the key components of this definition. Pertaining to the rules or principles of what’s right and wrong. In the United States what we consider morally right and wrong is determined by our government and the court systems. If we plunge deeper into this topic we can take into account our religious up-bringing, the views of our parents and friends, what we see and hear from the media. What was morally wrong fifty years ago is now on everyday television and exposed to children day after day. Fifty years ago women were shunned from their families and friends if they were to sleep with one person promiscuously. Now men and women are taught to sleep with multiple partners to determine if you are sexually satisfied and can see yourself being with only that person for the rest of your life. If you look at Muslamic culture, women have absolutely...
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...Essay Question 4 In what manner do the prophets speak to the following 3 issues: idolatry, social injustice, and religious ritualism? Cite examples of the prophets speaking to each of these issues. Knowing what the prophets had to say about these issues, what practical applications can be drawn from those teachings for today? Submit this assignment through SafeAssign by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Friday of Module/Week 8. In this teaching we are able to look at some of the major prophets in the bible as they try and warn a nation that was falling away from God. From this teaching we are able to see many similarities to what is now going on in modern day times. Idolatry, social injustice, and religious ritualism in today’s society is almost more prevelant than what was happening in the old testament, and within these teachings of the prophets lies a lot of wisdom for anyone seeking the Father in heaven. Several of the prophets in the Old Testament had much to say in regards to idolatry, social injustice, and religious ritualism. Some of the prophets in this teaching that we will look closer at will be Jonah, Isaiah, Hosea, Micah, and Ezekiel. The word idolatry is not used much in our modern day, but many of us might not know that this is an area of discussion that God really wanted us to listen to. Every Christian knows that the Ten Commandments are the structure or foundation to living a Christian life. The first two commandments God told Moses to write down were “You shall...
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