...Forty years later, it remains engraved in the Canadian consciousness. The Summit Series of September 1972 eight games that not only changed hockey but diverted a war. Team Canada was composed of the National Hockey League’s greatest stars, expected to easily defeat the Soviet team. In fact, on the eve of the ‘good will’ eight-game series. For Canadians, the series against the Soviet Union, which was the first time N.H.L. players skated against the Soviets. At the height of the cold war, two hockey styles clashed. The fast, precise game of the Soviets against the psychical, rugged, punishing game of the Canadians. The series played out before a rapt audience on both sides. As it moved across Canada and on to Moscow, the games became increasingly...
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...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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...Brandon Bassett COLD WAR ESSAY 3/5/13 1945-1950, wartime alliances between the United States and the Soviet Union broke down and the start of the cold war was off. The next 40 years, relations between the two countries differentiated between confrontation and détente. Each tried to increase their worldwide influences and spread its competing economic and political systems. During this period of time, the competitors were at the brink of war. What weapons were used during the cold war? One major weapon that was used to fight this war was money. On March 12, 1947, President Truman announced that he would give each Greece and turkey $400 million in aid. Giving these countries money will show that we are willing to help those in need of review; we will pick them up off the ground and push them in a better direction. (DOC.2) Another weapon that was used was alliances. The united states made a treaty call the` North Atlantic Treaty` which was signed by the U.S, CANADA, and ten other nations of western Europe in 1948. This treaty says that if either country is attacked, that we will have their back in war. Today there is 28 states in the treaty. Before his presidency, Dwight D Eisenhower was supreme allied commander and got that title in January of 1951. (DOC.4) The last weapon used to fight in the war was the arms race. The United States was the first country to create, test, and use the nuclear weapons to use on the Japanese to surrender at the end of WWII. The arms race...
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...Peacemaking and Its Role in Bolstering Canadian Military Professionalism 16 December 2010 As the international view on how combat effectiveness is measured shifts with the change in how international conflicts are resolved, the role of the Canadians as peacekeepers has come under scrutiny. It has been argued that Canada's close tied with the United States has diminished the Canadian Force's relevance and ability to remain current in the modern theatre of war. However, Canada's participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations since 1945 has been a major factor in maintaining and enhancing military professionalism within the CF for the following reasons: 1. Peacekeeping is a dynamic role, always changing and evolving. 2. Peacekeeping and peacebuilding keeps the integrity Canada’s forces a strong presence both at home and on the international stage. 3. The training involved in performing these roles increases the diversity of the Canadian military. This paper will define what is meant when referring to military professionalism. It will then examine how peacekeeping is defined by the United Nations, the legacy of peacekeeping, and how it is born out of a tradition of combat. There will be a discussion about training peacekeepers, and how the Canadian Forces' role as a peacekeeper impacts our international relationships. In conclusion, the relevance of the CF's support missions and how they do indeed bolster its professionalism will be indisputable...
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...Pierre Trudeau and his positive influence on Canada Pierre Philippe Yves Elliott Trudeau was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada. Pierre ruled the country for 15 years, between 20 April 1968 to 3 June 1979 and between 3 March 1980 and 20 June 1984. Trudeau was memorable and during his, he had an important impact in Canada making him one of the most important politicians in Canadian history. He became a very important figure by his political actions, his personality. He also introduced important political initiatives, which strongly influenced many aspects of Canadian political and private life. His significance is still recognized by Canadians at present, which is illustrated by the fact that on April 5, 2004, he was chosen as the third greatest Canadian of all times. The purpose of this e is to explore what made him such an important political figure and talk over the influence he had on Canada. The first area I will explore is Trudeau’s personality. For a politician, Trudeau’s character was highly unusual and it helped him achieve great popularity very early in his career. He drew a great pile of attention of the media and received large support...
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...Frank Archer: The English Immigrant Frank Archer was a thoughtful and clever man who contributed to the Australian Society. He wanted to experience a better life so he moved from England to Australia. This essay will cover: his background, push factors from England, pull factors to Australia, immigration policies after World War II and his contribution to Australian society. Frank Archer was an experienced motor-transport driver who served 12 years in the RAAF. Frank was born on the 7th of April 1938 in York, England. He has two children from his first wife, Sheila, which he married in 1959 but she unfortunately died in 1992. When he remarried in 1998 with a woman named Barbara, he received a bonus of six more step-children. He now has 4 grandchildren, 4 great-grandchildren and 13 step-grandchildren. One of his many jobs was working as a guard on British Railways. Frank Archer is now retired and has finished working life....
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... It has become a public debate as to why Africa is so undeveloped and yet with its significant resources it could have been a major power house. Political corruption, lack of respect of rule of law, human rights violations are some of the root causes of the conflict in Africa. Other root causes are often over looked as people tend to constantly blame the state leaders for the crisis. This essay is going to try and show that although the African leaders have contributed to some of the problems today they are not the stem of Africa’s problems but in my take of things have become victims in a media war by those that seek to exploit it resources. The first root cause I am going to look at is the legacy of the European colonialism that had a major devastating impact on Africa. When the colonists finally left Africa they “cut up Africa in tiny little pieces” this forced different ethnic groups together which had not been the case prior to colonialism, creating these nation states of different cultures and ethnic groups. This has proven to be a difficult thing over the years as many internal wars in Africa have been because of this diversity. A clear example is of the genocide that occurred in Rwanda were about 800000 Tutsis were killed by the Hutu as they were considered of a lower rank. Another example is of the mass murder of the Ndebele people in Zimbabwe were almost 20000 people were killed when rumors were rampant that there was a plot to overthrow the Mugabe regime. This cultural...
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...Humanitarian intervention is a label that has been employed to describe economic to military intervention. The main types of intervention include military, diplomatic, developmental and economic sanction. Mill’s (1859) stated that "There seems to be no little need that the whole doctrine of non-interference with foreign nations should be reconsidered, if it can be said to have as yet been considered as a really moral question at all... To go to war for an idea, if the war is aggressive, not defensive, is as criminal as to go to war for territory or revenue; for it is as little justifiable to force our ideas on other people, as to compel them to submit to our will in any other respect”. This essay will demonstrate how humanitarian intervention efforts are not reaching the goals that are needed to properly aid the disadvantaged nations in developing nations. Economic humanitarian intervention emerged at the end of the Second World War. Historically, it is apparent that foreign aid was used explicitly to prevent the expansion of communism during the Cold War, and not solely to help those in need. It can be argued that humanitarian intervention has done more harm than good to the nations. Northern/ Western countries have enriched themselves from their unequal relation with Southern either under colonialism or under the trading system, which has the Southern nations paying more towards their ongoing debt and receiving an irrelevant amount of foreign aid to help assist these nations in need (Brown...
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...POLS 3447 Final Study Guide * Part 1 * 80 fill-in the blanks (30% and 10 possible extra credits points) * 30 from review sheet * Part 2 – Pick one out of 2 questions * Arab-Israeli conflict up to 1947 * Persian security, with the CIA intervention from 1950-1953 to the Gulf war in the 1990s * Part 3 – Essay * Challenges facing obama admin in middle east in second term * Persian gulf security * War on terror * Arab Israeli * How has it evolved since 1990 * Countries who voted NO to Palestine being a non-voting observer state at the United Nations * Canada * Czeck Republic * Marshall Islands * Micronesia * Palau * Nauru * Panama * Obama’s policy has been called “leading from behind” * Multi-dimensional approach * Trying to find consensus * Criticism * Pro: being smart considering the volatility of the Middle East * Con: not using America’s power effectively * Obama’s address in Cairo – 2009 1-6. In 1950 the government of Iranian Prime Minister Mossadegh nationalized the AIPOC (Anglo-Iranian Persian Oil Company) owned and operated by Great Britain. The Eisenhower administration finally decided to take action owing to the perceived growing threat of communism in Iran and in August 1953 launched Operation Ajax to overthrow Iran’s democratically elected government. Many observers believe this...
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...History Leaving Cert American Essay Notes By James Esses Mocks.ie History Leaving Cert Revision Notes James Esses Page 1 Contents 1.0 Essay 1: Changes in the US Economy from 1945-1989 ..................................................................... 3 1.1 Boom (1945-1968) .................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 Bust (1968-1989)..................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Essay 2 Consumer Society post 1945 ................................................................................................ 6 3.0 Essay 3 Foreign Policy 1945-1972 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Berlin ....................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Korea ....................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Berlin Wall ............................................................................................................................. 10 3.4 Cuba ...................................................................................................................................... 10 4.0 Essay 4: How did the US become involved in Vietnam and why did it escalate in...
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...Fifth Business Essay The extent to which a character’s past contributes to his or hers success or failure in a work place studied in the course. In Fifth Business by Robertson Davies, the past of Deptford for Paul Dempster, Boy Staunton and Dunstan Ramsay created their biggest accomplishments but nevertheless, created their biggest downfalls. Specifically, Dunstan’s obsession with Mary Dempster and his overbearing mother made him a successful author and historian but made him unable to make real connections with people, Boy’s need to be the best led him to his empire he has today, but not without scarifying his humanity along the way, and finally, Paul’s ridicule as a child turned him into the most influential magician of his time, in addition his hatred for Deptford made him into a cold hearted killer. To begin with, Dunstan’s Deptford life consisted of his obsession with Mary Dempster and the conflict of his overbearing mother. Dunstan’s obsession with Mary Dempster influenced his search of saints, which in turn created many books making him relatively successful. In addition, his mother’s overbearing role forced Dunstan to join the army. Thus, earning him the most respectful award in England a Victoria Cross. However, the two dominating women, who were his focus in life, restrained him from being able to commit to other women. In a sense, Mary Dempster is the creator of the man he grows into. This inhibits a motherly sense to her as she becomes the essence of everything...
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...U.S. Military Spending and its impact on the Economy’s GDP Matthew Magana Abstract This paper examines whether increases in military spending have a positive or negative impact on the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The paper focuses on the three North American economies: Canada, Mexico and the United States as models to develop a case. It will also illustrate the utilization of multiple economic tools to produce variable outcomes to analyze the full spectrum of economics. It will also discuss the multiple statistical models such as Granger causality and Vector autoregression and the asymmetric results produced. Increased U.S. Military Spending and its impact on the Economy Given the long-accepted, theoretical direct relationship between investment and economic growth, if defense spending has a negative impact on investment, then it would seem reasonable that defense spending would have an adverse impact on economic growth. This was exactly the findings of two studies published in the seventies, zymanski (1973) and Lee (1973). Some studies attribute the negative effect of defense spending on economic growth to reduced investment. Another study argues that defense spending restricts export growth and economic growth because military expenditures compete for the same resources used in the production of exports. Which may also be a understood trade off for military spending vs. export and economic growth. However, other studies were unable to find any stable...
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...globalization transformed the phenomenon of terrorism? Introduction The idea of terrorism has not always been as it is today. The word “terror” originated after the French Revolution and the word “terrorism” was subsequently recorded by the Académie Française in 1798 (Roberts 2002). The regime of “la Terreur” was one of force and bloody repression against opponents to the newly born French Republic, but since the 19th century, terrorism has come to designate a method of opposition used by small groups (Tilly 2004, 8-9) “against the legitimacy of the prevailing sovereign power” (Scruton 2002, 126). As Barkawi (2006, 129) aptly puts across “‘terror’ is often used as a weapon by those who lack sufficient weapons to fight a military war, who believe their voices are not being heard and their desires bear no fruit”. Contrary to the French “terror”, “terrorism” is then no longer a practice of the State; it is that of radical groups opposing the State, and it is mainly the State that gives them this name (Townshend 2002, 3); the names these groups give themselves are in relation to a cause they see as legitimate. Such causes have arisen in numerous places, prompting some to take extreme but in their minds justified action, and Europe has faced terrorist threats long before the 9/11 attacks, incarnated by the Irish Republican Army (IRA), the Basque Fatherland and Liberty group (ETA) in Spain or the Red Brigades in Italy, to name only a few (Barkawi 2006, 130). But those...
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...To what Extent is Security a Necessary Precondition for Development? 1 Introduction The understanding of the relationship between security and development that drivesdevelopment policies of donor agencies and countries has varied throughout the past 60 years.During the Cold War, western donors had widely focussed on assisting their third World partners with aid to repel the communist threat. In the post Cold War period, while assistancehad sharply dropped, it was mostly disconnected from security interests. However, with theoccurrence of the 9/11 events, development assistance has rocketed once more as manyimportant players within the donor community have focussed their peace and statebuildingefforts on promoting security in the name of development in 'failed' and 'fragile states' (Beallet al. 2006). This logic presumes that before development can unfold, a secure environmenthas to be established, making security a necessary precondition for development. This is alsodescribed as a 'security first' approach to development. However, the human security (HS)concept contests this logic. While a 'security first' approach focuses mainly on the security ofWestern countries, human security emphasizes the security needs of the people living indeveloping countries, depicting daily threats as a critical source of insecurity. Therefore,human security clearly focuses on the improvement of long-term development, emphasizingthat development and security have to be equally promoted. Therefore...
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...Review The Boer War History Essay ukessays.com /essays/history/review-the-boer-war-history-essay.php The Boer War of 1899 was a dirty little conflict. It started as a result of cultural resentment between the Boers (Dutch settlers) and immigrating British. At first, the war was fought with the honor typically associated with the British, but, in the end, it turned nasty. South Africa's Cape of Good Hope was colonized in the 17th century by Dutch Boers (farmers). The Boers used African slaves on their farms. Britain occupied the Cape during the Napoleonic wars and took complete control after the Congress of Vienna. Slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire in 1833. Many of the Boers then decided that they could no longer live under British rule. They began moving northward and soon established two independent republics the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. There was peace between British and Boers until the Boer republics were found to be rich in diamonds and gold. Fortune hunters, mostly British, poured in to stake claims. The Dutch farmers called these people uitlanders (outlanders) and bitterly resented their intrusion. In 1895 the outlanders in the Transvaal planned a revolt against the Boer government. The British Empire, seeing their subjects mistreated, decided to get involved. Leander Jameson, with a small British force, invaded the Transvaal to aid the uprising. The Jameson raid was a total failure. The angered Boers, led by their president, Paul Kruger,...
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