...The essay aims to critically review Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) as a chosen intervention for clients suffering from dual diagnosis. A definition will be offered and a rationale given for choosing the intervention. This will be followed by a critique on the available evidence base for using the intervention with those with dual diagnosis. Essay will critically appraise the pros and cons of the chosen treatment interventions including its benefits in meeting the needs of the identified client group. This essay will then explore the efficacy of CBT for this client group. A conclusion will be given to establish whether the chosen interventions appropriately meet the needs of the chosen client group. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V),...
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... Organization development distinguishes itself from organization change and change management by which of the following characteristics? a. addressing the effective sequence of leadership issues that produce organization improvements b. focusing narrowly on cost, quality, and schedule c. focusing on the transfer of knowledge and skills to help the system manage future change d. taking a broadly focused approach that can apply to any kind of change e. none of the above ANS: c 3. Which of the following is not one of the “stems” of OD? a. laboratory training b. environmental analysis c. action research/survey feedback d. participative management and quality of work life e. strategic change ANS: b 4. The first “T-group” was formed a. to facilitate decision making b. to work on group projects c. to make the group more cohesive d. as people related to data about their own behavior ANS: d 5. The assumption underlying the use of survey feedback in OD is a. surveys are the best way to collect data b. surveys allow one to collect a great deal of data c. surveys can provide feedback to the organization and be used to initiate change d. responses and surveys are easily interpreted ANS: c 6. According to the Managerial Grid, an individual’s style can best be described as which of the following: a. the way he or she dresses b. his or her concern for production and people c. how he or she...
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...for those diagnosed with a mental illness. The main advantages of classification such as most appropriate treatment and community education Definition of the Classification system used to Diagnosis Mental illness. As Social workers it important to try and grasp the concepts of how classification of mental illness is arrived at and to have a basic knowledge of the types of mental disorders people can be classified as having so we can understand the basis of a diagnosis. According Mendelson (2001) “Classification refers to ordering of objects into groups on the basis of their relationship. The result is a classificatory system. Nomenclature related to agreed names that have been assigned to disease or syndromes. Taxonomy covers principles and methods underlying the practice of classification. Finally, nosology denotes the conceptual system that supports the strategy of classifying.” ( Mendelson 2001 p. 63) Golightley (2004) text states that classification is an important step towards the diagnosis of a mental disorder. Mental disorder is broken down into various classifications that represent groups or syndromes of symptoms. Thus if a series of symptoms fits into a recognised pattern of behaviour they can be classified as for example, schizophrenia and a diagnosis made. A diagnosis is a short- hand version of what a psychiatrist believes to be wrong with a client. (Gollightley 2004 P 25) According to both Mendelson (2001) and Golightley (2004) classification is important...
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...psychiatric services inadequately tie in with the policy goal of reducing recidivism. The validity of mental illness being linked t criminal behavior points towards moderated arbitration techniques and the effect of mental illness on other “recidivism” is to some extent interceded by system impartiality and shame. The recognition of mental illness being tied to offenders been identified as a feasible tool to decrease the escalating level of offending amongst juveniles, and indeed has been implemented in varying forms as a diversion away from the criminal justice system. In this essay, the notion of people with mental health problems are not at increased risk of committing violence will be explored. Mulvey (1997) showed that in general, contrary to findings of earlier research, an association does appear to exist between mental illness and the likelihood of being involved in violent incidents however a dual diagnosis of mental illness and substance abuse markedly compounds the possibility pro violence, and the correlation concerning mental illness and...
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...*Best/preferred contact method: Please use the course email through Blackboard to contact me. I will be using Blackboard for all course related materials and contacts. For Blackboard Help: Contact Joan Draper, for online help: jdraper@mercy.edu COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course examines the basic ethical issues and current trends affecting the counselor working in a contemporary school or agency. Topics include: the nature and scope of counseling, the definition of ethics and its meaning for professional counselors, and the relationship between counseling and professional ethical practice as defined by the American Counseling Association. The variety of agency and school settings are examined to illustrate the specific ethical guidelines that apply to schools and agencies. Professional norms, such as non-malfeasance, patient autonomy, and confidentiality are explained. (3 credits) TEXT: Ethics in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Standards, research and emerging issues (4th edition) Elizabeth Reynolds Welfel (2013) Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage ISBN13: 978-0-8400-2858-7 American Counselor Association Code of Ethics http://www.counseling.org/docs/ethics/2014-aca-code-of-ethics.pdf?sfvrsn=4 Code of Ethics of the American Mental Health Counseling Association. Available on-line at www.amhca.org/ethics.html American School Counselor Association Ethical Standards for School Counselors, Available on-line at www.schoolcounselor.org/library/ethics.pdf Program...
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...in Canada. In 2008, it was estimated that there would be 23,900 new cases (12,600 men and 11,300 women) of lung cancer in Canada and that there would be 20,200 deaths (11,000 men and 9200 women) from lung cancer in Canada (Lewis, Heitkemper McLean, Dirksen Ruff, O’Brien Graber, & Bucher). Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a term for different types of lung cancers that have different types of cancer cells that grow and spread in their own way. NSCLC accounts for 80-85% of all lung cancer cases and includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma (Gutierrez-Cabezon & et al. 2012), which are the most common types of non-small-cell lung cancer. There are some rare types of NSCLC but the purpose of this essay is to cover the most common types of non-small-cell lung cancer. Overview of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma is closely correlated to smoking and environmental carcinogens such as “asbestos, radon, nickel, iron and iron oxides, uranium, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chromates arsenic, and air pollution” (Lewis et al., 2010). The squamous cell carcinoma tends to originate in the central bronchi as an intraluminal growth and is thus more amendable to early detection through cytologic examination of sputum than other forms of lung cancer (Hannon, Pooler & Porth). The proportion of adenocarcinoma has been increasing over time, possibly due to the shift to low-tar filtered cigarettes, which are inhaled...
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...in Canada. In 2008, it was estimated that there would be 23,900 new cases (12,600 men and 11,300 women) of lung cancer in Canada and that there would be 20,200 deaths (11,000 men and 9200 women) from lung cancer in Canada (Lewis, Heitkemper McLean, Dirksen Ruff, O’Brien Graber, & Bucher). Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a term for different types of lung cancers that have different types of cancer cells that grow and spread in their own way. NSCLC accounts for 80-85% of all lung cancer cases and includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma (Gutierrez-Cabezon & et al. 2012), which are the most common types of non-small-cell lung cancer. There are some rare types of NSCLC but the purpose of this essay is to cover the most common types of non-small-cell lung cancer. Overview of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Squamous cell (epidermoid) carcinoma is closely correlated to smoking and environmental carcinogens such as “asbestos, radon, nickel, iron and iron oxides, uranium, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chromates arsenic, and air pollution” (Lewis et al., 2010). The squamous cell carcinoma tends to originate in the central bronchi as an intraluminal growth and is thus more amendable to early detection through cytologic examination of sputum than other forms of lung cancer (Hannon, Pooler & Porth). The proportion of adenocarcinoma has been increasing over time, possibly due to the shift to low-tar filtered cigarettes, which are inhaled...
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...2009). The vast majority of patients (90%) will have minor head injuries (Vos et al. 2012) and be discharged, however many patients will need to be admitted for definitive care and treatment. The most common cause of head injury is from falls, assaults and road traffic accidents (Department of Health, 2001 & NICE, 2007) with 70-88% of those head injuries occurring in the male population (Dolan & Holt, 2013). This essay aims to explore the physiological and psychosocial impact of sustaining a head injury. This will include normal physiology of the brain, along with the altered physiology and signs and symptoms as a result of the injury. Advanced interpersonal skills required by the nurse to care for the patient or their family will also be examined. To achieve this, the author will analyse and evaluate types of head injury and their classification, whilst also considering the social and psychological consequences faced by patient and their family. The discussion will be in relation to a 45 year old male who for the purpose of this essay will be referred to as Sam, who has sustained a traumatic head injury through a fall. In order to understand injuries and to assess and implement care, it is important that the nurse has knowledge, awareness and be able to comprehend the anatomy and normal...
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...Essay Topic – PsychoEducation is a fundamental part of routine care for people with mental illness, using current literature, discuss the use of psychoeducation in mental health care under the following headings; Opportunities for psychoeducation in clinical settings Role of the nurse/therapist in providing psychoeducation Effectiveness of psychoeducation in enhancing mental health outcomes for people with mental disorders The current therapeutic model for the treatment of mental health disorders embraces a combination of pharmacological and psychological interventions. Psychoeducational methods are employed in clinical procedures for all mental health disorders and are critical to integrated health care (Bedell, Hunter & Corrigan, 2009). Creamer and O'Donnell (2008) refer to psychoeducation as education, which is specially targeted to psychological health and aims to produce changes in an individual’s knowledge, attitudes, and skills to improve health outcomes. This study is aimed at discussing what psychoeducation is, its role in clinical settings, its efficacy and how nurses figure in employing techniques attributed to psychoeducation. The study draws from evidence-based literature, including meta-analyses and research papers in the field. It is common practice to inform patients with any chronic disorder to be informed about their illness, prognosis and treatment. For instance, patients with diabetes will be educated on their...
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...must respect people’s right to confidentiality” (2010, p.3) and making every effort to promote patients as individuals who should be treated with dignity and respect (2010, p.3). Health care professionals may find themselves in turmoil over whether their necessity to protect others from cross-infection overrides the duty of care to their patient by keeping their information confidential; particularly in this case (see Appendix A) where the patient, Sam, has a head injury, knowingly has the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and has told his nurse not to disclose this information with others over his fear of future career prospects. This essay will discuss in general the moral and professional issues raised by this scenario. There are no definitive answers to this scenario as everyone’s opinion of what is right and what is wrong differs. This essay explores the legal legislation that may guard his nurse if they feel that his confidentiality needed to be breached and also what legislation is in place to protect the general public from Sam. It will also try to explain what actions are in place to protect Sam; professional guidelines and laws available that protect confidentiality rights and procedures available to staff to prevent cross-infection. The four ethical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice are also used in relation to Sam; discussing what each principal means and how it relates to this scenario. Medical information about a person is particularly...
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...Thich Nhat Hanh: “Buddhism is already engaged. If it is not, it is not Buddhism.” Walpola Rahula: “Buddhism is based on service to others”…political and social engagement is the “heritage of the bhikkhu” and the essence of Buddhism. Robert Thurman: “The primary Buddhist position on social action is one of total activism, an unswerving commitment to complete self-transformation and complete world-transformation.” Stated in simplest terms, engaged Buddhism means the application of Buddhist teachings to contemporary social problems. Engaged Buddhism is a modern reformist movement. A practitioner is socially engaged “in a nonviolent way, motivated by concern for the welfare of others, and as an expression of one’s own practice of the Buddhist Way” (King Being 5). In this description Sallie B. King invokes the spirit of the Bodhisattva vow: May I attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. According to Ken Jones engaged Buddhism is “an explication of social, economic, and political processes and their ecological implications, derived from a Buddhist diagnosis of the existential human condition” (Kraft New). Jones emphasizes the social theory underlying engaged Buddhism. According to engaged Buddhists the “three poisons” of greed, anger and ignorance apply both to the individual and to “large-scale social and economic forces” (Kraft New); their remediation is therefore the collective concern of society. As the subject of numerous treatises, anthologies, lectures...
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...CROSSROADS When I read the first draft of this manuscript it provided a genuine " aha" experience. I felt that "tempered radicalism" was a concept that had been waiting to be invented. Meyerson and Scully, in my view, have grasped an important idea and have written about it in a careful and an illuminating way. It's one of those papers, I suspect; that some people will react to by thinking: "I wish I had written that!" Further, I can see others I know well in the field as fitting'the description of the tempered radical, at least in some circumstances and at different times. The reviewers, while suggesting changes, as reviewers do, were also very taken with the paper. It is intellectually interesting, and evocative. It provides us with a perspective on organizational issues that is typically glossed. It opens an arena for organizational analysis that is missed in r most theoretical frameworks. Tempered radicals, Meyerson and Scully argue, are individuals who identify with and are committed to their organizations and also to a cause, community or ideology that is fundamentally different from, and possibly at odds with, the dominant culture of their organization. Their radicalism stimulates them to challenge the status quo. Their temperedness reflects the way they have been toughened by challenges, angered by what they see as injustices or ineffectiveness, and inclined to seek moderation in their interactions with members closer to the centre of organizational values and orientations...
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...Real Essays From Stanford Medical Students Comments Regarding Plagiarism The essays contained within this document were written by current Stanford medical students and have been carefully read and reviewed by file reviewers, interviewers, and admissions staff and officers at Stanford Medical School as well as dozens of other medical schools across the country. We must emphasize that you need to be honest in writing your personal statements. If you borrow material or use quotes from other sources, make sure to credit them appropriately. Not giving credit where it is due is not only disastrous to your essay, but it is also illegal. Admissions officers read hundreds, and even thousands of personal statements each year, and have developed a fine tune sense for detecting plagiarism as well as remembering the essays they’ve read. You owe it to yourself to be hones, open, and sincere in writing your personal essay as it is a reflection of yourself and what is important in your life and your decision to pursue a career in medicine. Stanford Essays The following essays were written by real Stanford medical students in preparing their applications. We suggest that you read through all of the essays to get a diverse view of the types of themes and styles which have been successfully used for personal statements. Each personal statement is exactly that, personal. No one format or style will work for everyone. However, there are structures and themes which are common throughout...
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...be as under : 1. The Examination shall include compulsory and optional subjects, and every candidate shall take all the compulsory subjects and opt for three of the optional subjects carrying 600 marks in all but not more than 200 marks from a single group. 2. A candidate shall answer the language papers in the language concerned. The question paper in Islamiat is to be answered in Urdu or English. All other papers must be answered in English. Violation of this instruction shall incur cancellation of the concerned paper(s) and consequently award of Zero. 3. The compulsory and optional subjects and maximum marks fixed for each subject shall be as below: Sr. No. 1 2 3 COMPULSORY SUBJECTS Subjects English (Précis & Composition) English Essay General Knowledge (a) Current Affairs 100 (b) Every Day Science 100 (c) Pakistan Affairs 100 Islamiat Viva Voce Total Maximum Marks 100 100 300 100 300 900 600 120 4 5 Qualifying marks in the aggregate of written papers: Qualifying marks in the Viva Voce: The non-Muslim candidates will have the option to take Islamiat as a compulsory subject or otherwise Pakistan Affairs (General Knowledge PaperIII) will be treated of 200 marks and counted in lieu of Islamiat. A candidate who fails to appear in any of the compulsory subject will not be allowed to appear in the remaining papers of the examination. No candidate shall be summoned for Viva voce test unless he has obtained at least 33 percent marks in each optional subject, 40% in...
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...section Vi essay forms Many people use the term “essay” to mean any paper written for a class. In actuality, there are many different types of essays, each of which has a unique purpose, form, and style. We call these different types of essays “modes of discourse,” and they include expository, persuasive, and comparecontrast essays to name just a few. This section of the Guide has a dual purpose. First, various types of essays are described and suggestions are included about how to approach each particular type of writing. Second, the sample essays are good tools for you to see how these different essays look in their final form. These are not templates (no essay can be a carbon copy of another even in form), but they will give you a good idea of what a final piece of writing for each mode of discourse looks like. It would be advantageous to critically analyze the form and content of each sample against the instruction for how to write each type of essay. chapter 21 expository essays Jennifer propp An expository essay explains something using facts rather than opinions. The purpose of this type of essay is to inform an audience about a subject. It is not intended to persuade or present an argument of any kind. Writing this type of essay is a good way to learn about all the different perspectives on a topic. Many students use the expository essay to explore a variety of topics, and do so in a wide range of formats, including “process” and “definition”...
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