...Ethics in Athletic Training Paper The purpose of this paper is to identify the situation in which a correct ethical decision must be made and the different outcomes of such decisions. In this essay, the main topics to be covered will be the appropriate approach to making an ethical decision, potential courses of action and their potential consequences. After reading this paper, the reader will have a more extensive knowledge in ethical decision-making and a stronger opinion in the case. In this case study, George and his partners who own and operate a chain of rehabilitation centers become minority owners of a hockey team. During one of the most important games of the season, the star player gets checked into the boards and sustains a head injury. After 15 minutes, the player’s mental status begins to improve. Although he still couldn’t remember the details of his injury or the time immediately preceding it, his motor coordination was better. George and the team physician decided to let the player return to the game under close observation. The ethical decision that must be made is this: Would the athlete be allowed to go back to play after sustaining a head injury? The types of ethical issues presented in the case are: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Malfeasance and most importantly fidelity. Because these various stakeholders often have different interests and goals, health care professionals are often conflicted about the proper course of treatment for an injured athlete. Conflicts...
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...Essay #1 Edmund Pellegrino states, in the Virtuous Physician and the Ethics of Medicine “that in most professional ethical codes, virtue and duty-based ethics are intermingled.” He is explaining how in both codes the medical professional is looking to the best interest of others, virtuously the patient. Virtue-based ethics is considered doing what is right not just because you are told to but because it is right. Duty-based ethics is the obligation and laws a person is expected to abide by with others. When a person is doing what is really in the best interest of others they will be abiding by both codes. In The Hippocratic Oath we see how physicians were expected to “do all in their measure to keep the sick from harm and injustice,” “to guard their life and art,” to be a virtuous person. To keep confidentiality, sustain life, and benefit the sick without injustice which is both duty-based and virtue based. In the Code of Ethics for Nurses we see how nurses are expected to give “primary commitment to the patient,” “to assume the same duties to self as to others.” In essence both even though they were written centuries apart have ethical codes embracing both virtue and duty-based ethics, which is exactly what is expected from heath care professionals. Pellegrino reminds us that each person has a different expression of virtue and therefor rules, rights, and duties must be written to ensure that all patients are treated fair. When both virtue and duty-based ethics...
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...Essay on Code of Ethics In nursing there is so much emphasis placed on ethics. The reason being is that ethics is a vital part deeply rooted within the field. This paper will look at certain ethical codes in nursing. For example, beginning with a historical overview of the evolution of nursing ethics, and followed by a discussion of the moral principles important to nursing. Next, the paper will look at the outcomes of critical thinking on nursing ethics, and the importance of moral improvement in nurses will be discussed. The following paragraph will discuss the historical introduction of ethics in nursing. The Nursing Code of Ethics began in 1893 with the "Nightingale Pledge" which was patterned after the Hippocratic Oath in medicine, and is understood as the first code of nursing ethics (ANA, 2005). Even though the “Nightingale Pledge is hardly used or enforced by many institution today, much of the same messages or meanings is still practiced today. For, instance in the pledge itself states that “I will abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous, and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug” (Edelstein 1943). I have come to find that this statement means that the nurse giving care should always take precaution when giving medication. A Nurse should deliver optimal care to all patients. Mistakes are made when nurses leave out what is very important. Later on the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United States of America and Canada...
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...Communication is a key skill for any health care professional, but for nurses, we ‘are in an occupation that has interpersonal communication at its core. Virtually all nursing work revolves around the need for nurses to be effective communicators, whether relating to colleagues or with service users. (Morrall 2001). This essay seeks to discuss an evidence based experience learnt in clinical practice. For the purpose of this essay the author has chosen communication skills, since it is the basis for which verbal, non verbal and written ideas are conferred among the nursing staff. Some key policies and evidence taken from (research evidence or from this essay) will be identified and discussed. It also seeks to conclude with a general analysis from the overall main findings of this essay. The National Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008) state that nurses must take part in appropriate learning and practice activities that maintain and develop their competence and performance. As a nurse in training, I had been given the opportunity to complete a four weeks placement in a rehabilitation unit. The services provided included the admission of patients requiring rehabilitation therapy and specialist nursing attention. I was elected by my mentor to sit in their weekly review meeting consisting of the Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) in order to facilitate my learning objectives. As a student my role was to observe how the MDT addressed, planned and implemented patient care. This was necessary...
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...Wrong Operation Doctor (Ethics and Integrity) Virtue Ethics Essay Tania Alfonso, R.N West Coast University NURS 521 Ethics in Healthcare 201607SUIIOL OL-1 Wrong Operation Doctor (Ethics and Integrity) Integrity is the mother of many virtues and starts when we deal honestly with ourselves. Integrity implicates a dedicated adherence to a strict moral or ethical code and a commitment not to compromise this code (Pozgar, 2016). Integrity is well-defined as a firm loyalty to a code of moral values, and it connotes soundness and incorruptibility. Integrity is the value we established on ourselves and the fulfillment of the duty we owe ourselves. A noble human being will personally commit to living up to certain self-imposed expectations, and need no outside check or control. Rather, this person is honorable in him/her inner core. Integrity is the light that shines from a disciplined conscience and the strength of duty within us. Integrity is definitively one of the essential strengths we can possess, not only in our profession but also in our lives. Coming from a cradle of integrity means being honest, truthful and reliable. It means trying to help rather than hurt, build rather than break, connect rather than crumble. Integrity It is a core value in nursing, a choice and something we can nurture. It is proven when an individual goes beyond what the codes and guidelines state and see that acting outside of these rules will better patient outcomes and safety, and in their...
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...“Hit Me!”: An Analysis of Ethics in the Movie 21 Michael Breward BU 456: Computer Audit Sarah Guirguis November 21, 2008 MIT student Ben Campbell is admitted into Harvard Medical School, but he cannot afford the $300,000 tuition. His only alternative is to win the extremely competitive Robinson Scholarship by writing an essay that will make him stand out from other applicants. Recognizing Ben’s intelligence, his professor invites him to join his card counting club. Ben joins the team with the intention to do it until he can pay his tuition. As the team’s fortune grows, Ben becomes greedy, at which point, his luck turns into adversity and he is left with nothing except an adventurous experience to dazzle the scholarship administrator; successfully securing the Robinson scholarship. Was this success truly merited, or were Ben’s unethical actions simply overlooked. Based on ethical and social welfare philosophies, it is clear that modern society would not applaud him for such behaviour. Utilitarianism suggests that an individual’s actions ought to yield the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Ben discards this theory when he continues to count cards after acquiring sufficient funds to pay for his tuition. At this point, his motives are triggered out of greed and self-interest and no longer for the greater good. Further, Ben places his university, and ultimately his medical career in jeopardy when...
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...CULTURE AND ETHICS IN GHANAIAN PROFESSIONAL LIFE Cultural elements invariably affect the delivery of professional services in whatsoever form. Professional practices are strongly guided by appropriate code of ethics. Sound ethical decision making is based on a process that involves multiple steps some of which are taken in advance and some of which are taken at the time ethical dilemma presents itself (Carter, Bennett, Jones & Naggy, 1999). The development and the application of ethical principles and standard in professional lives are strongly influenced by cultural elements. BREIF HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON WESTERN ETHICAL CODES The influence of culture on ethical professional practice could be traced back to the time of the development of some selected code of ethics. Professional codes in the West typically follow the Hippocratic tradition (Veatch, 19997) which is often acknowledged by both physicians and lay people as the foundation of medical ethics for physicians in the west. Among the Christian cultures, a new version of the Hippocratic oath called the oath According to Hippocrates insofar as a Christian may swear it (Jones, 1924), emerged for Christian physicians with some changes to reflect the culture of the Christian Kingdom. These includes removal of references to the Greek gods and goddesses, the dropping of the prohibition against surgery whilst strengthening the prohibition on abortion (Veatch, 19997). Similarly, the Percival’s medical ethics which become...
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...VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT AMSTERDAM COURSE ETHICS 4.3 with special reference to PROFESSIONAL ETHICS Code 61432100 [final version January 10, 2012] Academic year 2011-2012 Period 3: January. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration: MSc Program Business Administration. Prof. dr. Eduard Kimman course assistant: Karin Tjeerdsma (k.t.tjeerdsma@vu.nl) Background This course, in the setting of various Master Programmes at the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences, is about the morality of professional people acting in the context of a business organization. Business organizations or organizations as such do have a formal structure in which responsibility ultimately lies with a director or the board of directors. A business organization forms a context for a great variety of decisions. In a juridical perspective the organization is the bearer of numerous transactions. Inside organizations one may find remarkable opportunities for just or unjust behaviour, for moral or immoral behaviour, for situations of equality or inequality which deserve to be evaluated ethically. As FEWEB is a school for the study of economics and business administration in an economic perspective we focus on so-called “economic decisions” which are decisions being taken with some form of economic calculus. In this course we will spend time on questioning whether the economic or financial outcomes of these decisions are morally neutral or deserve some further moral investigation...
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...Length Color Rating Different Viewpoints of Business Ethics - Introduction The purpose of this short paper is to compare and contrast three different peer-reviewed journal articles and one online periodical. First, the paper provides a brief introduction of the four articles. Second, the paper compares and contrasts the four articles. Finally, the author presents his views on the topic of social responsibility and business ethics before concluding the paper. Four Articles All four articles center their focus on business ethics. Of the four articles, three are scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles and one, by Friedman, is an online periodical.... [tags: Business, Ethics] :: 4 Works Cited 2005 words (5.7 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Alahmad and Murphy on Business Ethics - The first two journal articles that were compared and contrasted were Ala Alahmad’s 2010 article on To Be Ethical or Not to Be: An International Code of Ethics for Leadership and Patrick Murphy’s 2009 article on The Relevance of Responsibility to Ethical Business Decisions. Some key findings of Alahmad’s writings were that ethics and leadership were closely tied together; they were found to be derivatives of one another. He mentioned that ethics is an individual thought process of making good or poor decisions.... [tags: Business Ethics] :: 4 Works Cited 970 words (2.8 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Ethical Perspectives on Business Ethics - The determination of this paper is to compare and contrast...
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...Leadership Cumulative Essay Mathew Johnson College Phoenix Leadership Prof. Monstade February 04, 2012 Leadership Cumulative Essay Introduction This essay will give insight into the author’s point of view on several facets of nursing today. The information provided will speak to lessons learned in the Everest College Nursing program. Topics covered shall consist of a reflection of the personal nursing philosophy, impact and concepts of the Nursing Code of Ethics and how it applies to Nursing as a profession, the concept of patient centered care, use of technology in documentation, and the leadership aspects that are considered as a new graduate. Leadership aspects entail team leading, delegation, and role transition from graduate to RN. This is the point of view of the author and information given here will be both objective and subjective. Nursing Philosophy In a previous paper written, the reflection of this student’s own nursing philosophy seemed to coincide with that of Florence Nightingale as well as Dorothy Orem. Orem’s school of thought leans toward the nurse having a large hand in aiding a patient to achieve total self-sustainability. Dorothy Orem’s theory is actually three separate theories that work synergistically. These theories are the theory of self-care, theory of self-care deficit, and the theory of Nursing systems. This works well for a patient, when achieved, due to the self-care...
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...another. Because healthcare varies between cultures, nurses have historically taken on many different roles: a folk healer, a healer with religious ties, and that of a servant (Ellis & Hartley, 2012). Because of these various roles, some may not realize, or accept, that nursing has evolved into a much needed profession. This essay will discuss what a profession is, the criteria needed to be present in order to be considered a profession, and the reasons why nursing should be considered a profession. Criteria of a Profession In order to understand why I consider nursing a profession, you must first understand the meaning of the word. There are many varied definitions of the word profession. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines profession as a noun meaning “a calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation” (n.d.). Harkreader, Hogan, and Thobaben build on the previous core definition by including five criteria: “provides an essential service to society, has a theoretical body of knowledge, requires relative independence in decision making in practice, requires specialized education, and has a code of ethics for behavior of its members” (p.2, 2007). Examples of how nursing meets each of these criteria of a profession are listed below. Provides an Essential Service to Society. Nurses provide a service that is unable to be substituted by any other member of the healthcare team. The body of knowledge that nurses hold can only...
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...concept created to counter the socio-economic, emotional and psychological challenges that many individuals, children and families encounter. It was created as a means to help improve the quality of life of the socially disadvantaged by promoting the idea that many cannot meet their basic physical and emotional needs on their own or without assistance from others. Elements of Human Services are also dedicated not only to help people meet their basic needs but to also put them on track to self-sufficiency. Although Human Services encompasses a broad spectrum of practices, we will discuss a more generalized view of this concept in this essay. The goal and history of Human Services, the nature of the generalist practice, theoretical frameworks, common intervention strategies and finally, ethical considerations will all be discussed in this essay. The Goal of Human Services As previously mentioned, Human Services are a means by which the socially disadvantaged can be assisted in meeting their basic physical and emotional needs. Various obstacles keep some from meeting their needs on their own. Some of these obstacles have been created by the individual himself due to bad judgment or decisions. However, more often than not the reasons why people cannot meet their basic needs are due to circumstances beyond their control (Martin, 2007). Human service agencies (also known as social service agencies) are called upon by these individuals when they have encountered these obstacles...
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...Assignment #6 Leadership Skills for the Criminal Justice Professional Write a 2-3 page essay describing the leadership skills that criminal justice professionals should develop and maintain in their professional and personal lives. Discuss the importance of ethics and virtue criminal justice leadership. In addition to material covered in the textbook and classroom lectures, utilize at least 3 web-based documentary resources to support your essay. This paper should adhere to APA style standards including the following: Double space, 1” margins, title page, in text citation of references, and a reference page. CJS is one of the major public services in the country. Across the CJS, agencies such as the Police, the Courts, the Prison Service, the Crown Prosecution Service and the National Probation Service work together to deliver the criminal justice process The criminal justice system consists of a number of separate agencies that in theory gel together to produce a just outcome when a crime has been committed. In the criminal justice system, there are specific codes of ethics that apply to any lawyer or legal assistant. Sometimes the code of ethics may require something that is contrary to your personal ethics. You will need to balance your personal ethics against the ethical code of your profession. Model Code of Ethics Each state has a professional code or rules of ethics that set out what an attorney can and cannot, or should and should not, do in situations...
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...ethical principles to protect human participants in biomedical research from undue exploitation by researchers. However, in the “Tuskegee Study” in the US, these principles were grossly violated. The task of this paper is to critically examine the ethical implications of that study on future practices in biomedical research, and to suggest ways of ensuring that such practices comply with appropriate ethical values. Key Words Bioethics, Biomedical research, clinical research, Tuskegee Study, paternalism, morality Introduction From time to time human beings experience health challenges, whether physical or mental. On its part, medical practice has made considerable progress towards combating or controlling many of these challenges. It is through research that the nature, symptoms and effects of ailments can be ascertained and remedies discovered. Medical researchers engage in both therapeutic and non-therapeutic research. Therapeutic research is that carried out with the purpose of treating disease. On the other hand, non-therapeutic research is aimed at 76 Adebayo A. Ogungbure furthering the frontiers of knowledge about human health. Furthermore, researchers and physicians often use human beings as objects of scientific investigation, raising certain ethical concerns, including the issue of informed consent and how consent is obtained, selection of participants in research, the welfare of human subjects involved in...
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...QUESTION TWO: ADULT CASE STUDY, AN ETHICAL ISSUE OF CONSENT. This essay presents a critical incident analysis of a 70 years old man refusing to give consent to a life saving treatment. The essay will discuss its impact by discussing the conflict between professional and the patient’s issues. It will go on to explain the main professional issues in the scenario, breach of any NMC code of conduct and show how they relate to the guidelines set by Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). It will also highlight on the relevant underlying legal or ethical principles that applies to the case study and its implications. For instance, ethical principles, such as beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, human rights and the best interests of the patient will be explored, in the light of relevant laws, in order to show some of the legal and ethical complexities within this case study, and finally draw a conclusion. For confidentiality purposes, have been changed in accordance to the NMC guidelines. The main professional issue reflected in this case study is the issue of consent. Consent, means to give permission for something to take place or to agree to do something (oxford dictionary 1998). This does not necessitate that, the actions approved have been developed or permission given in the knowledge of possible consequences known as informed consent has been achieved. This goes to show that, for medical purposes, although the patient has the right to refuse treatment, he has to also...
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