...colonies in much of Africa and Asia. What domestic factors, old and new, caused this flurry of colonial activity in the period after the 1870s? What is the connection between this new imperialism and Social Darwinism? What can we learn about the process and success of imperialism in Africa and Asia from Conrad’s story? Answer The European colonialism brought different changes to the domestic level in Africa and Asian regions. The period after 1870s brought imperialistic aggression in African and Asian countries alongside the diplomatic pressures, colonial conquest and military invasion especially in the regions of Africa. The domestic people faced the foreign domination and attempt of colonization. During the 1870s the Europeans succeed to under control only 10% of the African region and it was the period when Europe started to grab the African land by the 1914, around 90 percent of the African continent was under control of Europeans (The Creation, 2011). In Africa the Berlin conference played vital role in regulating colonization alongside the trade in the African regions. Similarly in the Asian region in subcontinent, the European Colonialism was established ant later on the imperialism was started in 1857 after the freedom war. The European colonialism gradually extend its control over the political powers that later on let the European regions to take control over the African and Asian Regions. After the 1870s, the European started to explore Africa with the industrial...
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...Up until the eighteenth century, Europeans satisfied themselves with trading posts throughout the vast continents of Africa and Asia as well as brief missionary activity. However, burgeoning industrial economies and competition between nations soon gave way to new imperialism. The abundance of natural resources and significant economic opportunities in Africa made it the perfect prototype for new imperialism (Document 6). European explorers were more than eager to trek through uncharted territories and claim it for their monarchs. Meanwhile, priests believed that they carried the responsibility to educate these "savages" and spread Christianity, all in the name of the Lord. Through direct and indirect rule, European imperialism brought an...
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...While many factors were likely involved, colonialism and imperialism were paramount in shaping the interactions between Germans and those of African descent. Imperialism led to the colonization of Southwest Africa, which led to close contact between the native Africans and the colonial settlers. Enabling further support of their imperial campaigns, interest in German imperialism was cultivated by the “entertaining” process of putting non-Europeans peoples, in this case African, on display for commercial reasons, or Völkershauen. Therefore, Völkershauen and the colonization of Southwest Africa were the primary means by which Germans were introduced to peoples of African descent. In the colonization of Southwest Africa, colonists had to contend...
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...migration, the spread of Islam, gold and slaves will be included in this essay as they are central to the process of colonialism. Towards the end of the last century, with a long history already behind it European colonization branched out in quite different forms according to the place and the interests of the metropolis. According to Thirlwell (1994:60) it was “a transitional period in which brutal power relations existed alongside paternalist feelings of responsibility towards natives who needed to be civilised” thus, great powers put the then dominant ideas into practice opening up the way to the so called “development” (Thirlwell, 1994). According to Rist (1997:100) “colonialism is a practice of domination, which involves the subjugation of one people to another”. The term colony comes from the Latin word colonus, meaning farmer. Thus, one believes that this root reminds us that the practice of colonialism usually involved the transfer of population to a new territory, where the arrivals lived as permanent settlers while maintaining political allegiance to their country of origin. I tend to agree with Rist (1997:105) when he says that “Fast sailing ships made it possible to reach distant ports and to sustain close ties between the center and colonies”. Thus, the modern European colonial project emerged when it became possible to move large...
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...“essential health benefits”. This has been one Nationalism was built for diverse groups of people to have sovereignty within surrounding states. They were able to unify into a single region by sharing common laws, central administration, time zones, national markets, and language (Pollard et al, 2015). In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, “nationalism became closely linked to imperialism” (Pollard et al, 2015). Imperialism consists of extending one states control over the surrounding states to form a larger nation that shared common beliefs and traditions. Imperialism relates to a process...
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...Vandervort provides an extensive history of European military strategies and warfare. The book talks about six European powers who scramble to obtain power in Africa. Through the text, the historical evidence provides examples of European influence on Africa. Between the rich historical text, the impact of Western powers can be detected. Nevertheless, the effect of the superpowers is clear. During the 1830-1914, Europeans provided damaging innovation and technology to Africa. Masked under good intentions, the colonizers brought harmful concepts and materials like military infrastructure, weapons, and new tactics. The purpose of the following text is to analyze European influence regarding innovation and technology. Negative Military Innovation and Technology Europeans were inadequate ambassadors because the innovation and technology they brought to Africa resulted in violence. Their introduction of military equipment, infrastructure, and mindset serve as the roots for today's instability. Because of these new concepts, Africa is facing coups, divisions, and guerrilla warfare. The European ambassadors planted the seed that violence solves everything. Some evidence of the harmful consequences of this innovation and technology is apparent in the early stages of imperialism. 1. Military Infrastructure The French, Dutch, and...
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...the continent of Africa, there would be several uninformed viewpoints. Most of these myopic opinions are shaped by television sound bytes, and some are formed from generalizations. There is truth in stereotypes, but that truth is an incomplete narrative. With the exception of Afghanistan, Africa holds the position of listing the top twenty poorest countries in the world. (anetki.com) Aggregates of poverty yield disease, famine, and conflict which have all compromised Africa’s homeostasis. What seems to evade the average American’s conscious is that Africa was not always a continent filled with such calamities, or viewed as a collection of nations dependent on foreign aid. The continent has two distinct, defining periods that characterize Africa’s struggles. Evidence shows that western colonization of Africa began its destruction while contributing to dependency. The irony is that Africa’s dependency is exacerbated in the post-colonial era. Colonialism is not implemented achieved to bolster good faith with a new trade partner, but to serve the colonizer’s geopolitical or economic interest. (Gordon) When conversations begin concerning Africa and Africans, it seems that the continent and its people are treated as one monolithic block instead of collection of nations with vast diversity. This would be tantamount to grouping China and India together, because the two nations are part of Asia. Another misconception is that ‘African tribes’ and Africa lacked civility until...
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...Imperialism had a huge impact on the world in the 19th century. Imperialism is defined as a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, but to the people affected it was much more than that. Countries with power went into other counties and directly or indirectly controlled their territories. These nations questioned the cultures, political systems, and social systems of these places, and in some cases replaced the territories’ systems with their own. There were several principle motives for imperialism. For example, modern colonization drove countries into these territories. They not only sent colonists to live in these new places, but they sent them to take over the political, social, economic,...
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...periodization 5 the concept of New Imperialism rose going into periodization 6 from the years of 1900 to present day. New Imperialism characterizes a period of colonial expansion by European powers toward Africa and Asia turning them into vast colonial empires. Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Germany, and many more European countries participated in what was known as the scramble for Africa. One of the many reasons why this “scramble” happened was to gain more power, land, etc. For instance during this time, Europe needed the raw materials that Africa had to make more goods. This need lead to them to mistreating the Africans and treating them like slaves to get the raw materials they needed. Overall...
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...Adam Dees Dr. Herman WOH1030 2 April 2015 Impact of British Imperialism In the late 1800’s, European nations only controlled about 10 percent of the continent of Africa, France to the north and Britain to the south (Edgar, 2008). As time goes by, other countries gain conquests, mostly in western areas of Africa. This essay will go over a few key points in history that led to the Age of Imperialism and the British colonization of Southern Africa. The essay will also identify key players in this age. Southern Africa was known for its gold and other valuable items that made it so appealing to Europeans. This and many other reasons led to wars over the areas that had high gold content. In the mid-1800’s European nations begin seizing power over countries in Africa. “By World War I Ethiopia and Liberia were the only countries not under European control.” (Edgar, 2008). In Belgium, King Leopold II had aspirations of conquest in African nations (Edgar, 2008). In 1876, he started the IAA or the International African Association in which he hires Henry Stanley to lead up exploration of this uncharted area (Edgar, 2008). Stanley was also dispatched to ascertain the whereabouts of David Livingstone, another famed explorer that was lost in the Congo (“Sir Henry…). When Stanley found Livingstone they became friends until his death in 1872 at Lake Bangweulu. Stanley continued where Livingstone left off, however and helped in the development of the Congo (“Sir Henry…). In a journal...
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...Proponents of imperialism and colonialism sparked from the idea that it would improve the economic, political, and social portions of an environment. The design of European imperialism elicited political and diplomatic responses, and soon after it provoked military resistance. Both methods of so-called improvement kept nations from doing what could possibly help them thrive; cooperating to achieve shared goals. Without cooperation, places cannot improve and prosper on aspects that need refinement. Colonialism does not help the native populations because it overall divides previous peaceful co-existing portions of a society. Purposefully, colonization aimed to control land, labor, natural resources, and markets. Settlers need to occupy a country,...
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...heavily used by many European nations because the country would be protected in a well-rounded manner. French forces would not be exposed to the elements that they were not accustomed to or thrown in with the “savage” people they were trying to control. Moreover, the French would receive information and an understanding of their colony that they would not have without someone from the other side. It was to their advantage that there is a vast amount of ways politically to have Algerians working with them and against their own people. It can be an attribute to how the balance between the colonized and colonizer took a dramatic shift. However, this tactic of using Algerians against other Algerians could only work...
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...So many words have been uttered while discussing of postcolonial studies, as it is a post modern way of intellectual discourse which shows analysis of the cultural legacies of colonialism and imperialism. In simplest and most familiar way, the hyphenated term post colonial means post or after the colonial period and it indicates something that happened after the end of formal colonization. Post-colonial has become useful because it raises large and important questions. Therefore, the widest definition of post colonial fiction easily includes Chinua Achebe’s novels. Postcolonial study delineates all aspects of the colonial process from the beginning to the end of colonial contact. Chinua Achebe’s novels contain the experiences of Nigerian people after the end of British Empire. Achebe’s novels are the replication of African history as well. Therefore, his novels describe an archetypal post colonial era African country. Chinua Achebe is one of the finest Nigerian novelists of the twentieth century, whose novels show various post colonial aspects in them. Achebe throws light on the changes in African society and politics, His four novels cover the entire colonial history of Africa from the early days of European advent to the post colonial aspects like retrieval of an identity and own past, language liberty, cultural change, disestablishment of Eurocentric norms and complexes of this period of perplexity. Achebe wrote novels chronologically one is attached to another as, pre-colonial...
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...Muslims differ significantly in their evaluations of the importance of religion based on the region they are located. There are variations of views on such topics of education, prayer, worshiping and morality found in different regions. In this paper I will argue that many differences that exist between various Islamic communities can be explained by understanding the role of regionally specific political problems and cultural practices outside of the Islamic tradition. Though people around the world practice an allegedly unified Islam, their understandings of the tradition reflect the specific local contexts and circumstances of individuals, communities, and nations. The challenge of western colonialism caused Muslims to be against European imperialism as it threatened their political, religious and cultural identity. Their responses to colonialism varied from rejection and confrontation to admiration and imitation (PP Islam and the West 24). Showing how reactions to westernization can be specific to region. The country Turkey operates one example of a nonviolent revolution. In Turkey, Islam was showing a more dominant position is the social-economic and political life of society. With the acceptance of westernization, Turkey had been able to experience the power of religion in Muslim politics cordially. A little to the East, the Iranian revolution in Iran reinforced the belief that Muslims wanted to emulate the ideas of the west; economic and political power could be attributed...
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...Neoliberalism on African Societies Globalization and neoliberalism are concepts that can be applied to the analysis of any aspect of modern day society. Social life in a particular area is filled with the constant spread of ideas, practices and beliefs due largely to globalization. This paper will provide an in depth view on the effects Globalization and neoliberalism has had on culture and development in African societies. Within Africa lies various intricate backgrounds from its colonialism roots to the shift towards globalization in the effort to promote development. Exposing the dynamics of globalization as well as its impact on African societies will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between Africa and the international community. Globalization, as defined by Held et al. , sees the issue “as a process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions--assessed in terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity and impact--generating transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction and the exercise of power.” (Held et al. 2004: 68), It involves the increased interaction between nations and the exchange of ideas, practices, relations and organization. (Ritzer 2008:574). One must be aware that the theory of globalization can be expressed through economic terms as well as sociologically. The effects of globalization is widespread...
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