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European Union Influence over Tourism Employment. Tourism

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Submitted By EllisonR
Words 4605
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This is the pre-published version – For final version see:

Andriotis, K. (2004). European Union Influence Over Tourism Employment. Tourism - An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 52(3): 277-284.

ABSTRACT
This paper examines the role of the European Union (EU) in influencing employment in the tourism industry of its member states. Tourism in EU accounts for about 5% of GDP and approximately 7.4 million persons are directly employed in tourism. The figure of persons directly employed in tourism varies from 1.7 to 7.8 depending on the member state. Due to the potential of EU tourism for generating jobs in this paper undertakes a review over the problems related to tourism employment in member states and analyses the formation and development of EU policies and initiatives towards tourism employment. Finally, this paper discusses the implications of the findings for tourism employment in EU and provides the conclusions of the study.

Keywords: Tourism, employment, European Union, policies.

INTRODUCTION
The greatest diversity and density of tourist attractions has made Europe the most visited destination worldwide and tourism among the leading growth industries in the European Union (EU). Tourism in EU accounts for about 5% of GDP and approximately 7.4 million persons are employed in enterprises such as hotels, catering establishments, travel agencies, car rentals, and various tourist attractions and leisure outlets. However, tourism employment patterns vary considerably between the different member states (Table 1). Spain, with approximately 1.3 million persons employed directly in tourism, is the EU member state with the largest percentage of direct employment in tourism (7.8%). In Portugal, tourism is the dominant economic sector, with 311,915 persons or 6.3% of total workforce directly employed in tourism. On the other hand, Ireland has the lowest

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