...treatment before exercise (I), compared to albuterol treatment after exercise (C) in preventing the asthma attacks (O) in school settings during physical education (T) Key words: exercise induced asthma, albuterol, teenage, school setting, and physical education Assignment Questions Guidelines What two guidelines were used? (AHRQ, n.d.) “Pathogenesis, prevalence, diagnosis, and management of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: a practice parameter.” (John M. Weiler, September 26, 2010) “Evidence-based care guideline for management of acute exacerbation of asthma in children aged 0 to 18 years.” (Acute Asthma Guideline, Cincinnati Children's Hospital...
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...Pediatric Chiropractic Care: Scientifically Indefensible? Published by Sam Homola under Chiropractic,Science and Medicine Comments: 37 In a paper published in 2008, two academic chiropractors offered this observation: “The health claims made by chiropractors with respect to the application of manipulation as a health care intervention for pediatric health conditions continue to be supported by only low levels of scientific evidence. Chiropractors continue to treat a wide variety of pediatric health conditions.”1 Despite lack of support by the medical and scientific community, chiropractic treatment of children is growing in popularity, and more chiropractors are specializing in “chiropractic pediatrics.” The International Chiropractic Association offers a post-graduate “Diplomate in Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics” (DICCP) and publishes a “peer reviewed” Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics. The diplomate syllabus is a 30-module, 360+ hours classroom course during weekends over a three-year period. There is no hospital training and no contact with diseased or injured children — only a “mandatory observational/training weekend at a chiropractic center for special needs children under multi-disciplinary care.”2 A post-graduate certification in chiropractic pediatrics (CICCP) can be earned after 180 hours of classroom instruction. In a June 2008 joint press release, the American Chiropractic Association’s (ACA) Council on Chiropractic Pediatrics and the Council...
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...September- 23 November 2012 Clinical Planning BSN July 09- Clinical Practice VI Roster | Clinical Learning Outcome | Clinical Plan Activity | 3rd-Sept- 12 OctoberGroup 3: - 4 BSN with 7 DIN studentsWeek 13rd -7th Sept Week 210th-14th SeptGroup 1: - 4 BSN with 7 DIN studentsWeek 317th- 21st Sept Week 424th-28th SeptGroup 2 : - 4 BSN with 7 DIN studentsWeek 51st-5th Oct Week 68th-12th Oct15 October-23 NovemberBSN July ‘09Ward 5 Surgical/Eye/ENT Clinic15 Octo-26 OctGroup 1-7 StnGroup 2- 8 StnWard 10 Medical /Hemodialysis29 Oct-9NovGroup 1-7 StnGroup 2- 8 StnOrtho Clinic/Physio Clinic12 Nov-16 Nov ( Holiday)19 Nov-23 NovGroup 1-7 StnGroup 2- 8 Stn | Hospital OrientationWARD 17Pediatric WardBSN Clinical Practice VI AN 3320 * Clinical Learning Objective: 1. Provide individualized quality care to all assigned clients following the nursing process 2. Perform management and organizational ability during the provision of nursing care 3. Apply critical appraisal skills to evaluate the available evidence which underpins practice 4. Plan health promotion activities for clients and family to maintain appropriate behaviors to attain or maintain health 5. Integrate significance of research in clinical practice to achieve best patient outcomesSpecific Objectives: * Plan timely execution of nursing task in the ward * Perform independent learning through self-study and reflective practice * Effectively use up to date information through electronic access of...
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...Working as a nurse practitioner in the pediatric primary care setting, it has always been a goal of mine to approach each patient and their caregiver in a holistic manner. I believe it is my duty to put my personal beliefs aside and educate patients and caregivers based upon evidence based practice and promote a shared decision-making approach to the patient’s care plan. However, this can be a difficult task to implement when the beliefs of the clinician and the patient or caregiver oppose. I have recently been confronted with this issue in my practice. A kind mother of one of my patients, who has a history of many visits over the past 6 years with a diagnosis of “wheezing” or “chronic cough,” brings her child in for another episode of significant coughing and mild...
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...Asthma diagnosis and treatment Current perspectives Asthma diagnosis and treatment 34 ‘‘Black box’’ 101: How the Food and Drug Administration evaluates, communicates, and manages drug benefit/risk Shirley Murphy, MD, and Rosemary Roberts, MD Silver Spring, Md A prominently displayed boxed warning, the so-called ‘‘black box,’’ is added to the labeling of drugs or drug products by the Food and Drug Administration when serious adverse reactions or special problems occur, particularly those that may lead to death or serious injury. Healthcare providers are often not knowledgeable about the origin, meaning, and implications of these ‘‘black box’’ warnings. In this review, our goal is to provide insight into how the Food and Drug Administration evaluates, communicates, and manages drug benefit/risk. We discuss drug labeling, the emphasis on safety throughout the drug approval process, legislative initiatives for safe use of drugs in children, and postmarketing safety surveillance. In addition, we encourage health care providers to report drug reactions to the Food and Drug Administration’s MedWatch program. A discussion of new Food and Drug Administration initiatives to improve drug safety processes and methods to serve the public better are highlighted. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;117:34-9.) Key words: Food and Drug Administration, adverse drug reactions, MedWatch, ‘‘black box’’ warning, drug labeling, drug benefit/risk, risk management, postmarketing surveillance, drug development ...
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...The impact of health and health behaviours on educational outcomes in high-income countries: a review of the evidence Marc Suhrcke, School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom Carmen de Paz Nieves, Fundación Ideas, Madrid, Spain ISBN 978 92 890 0220 2 Keywords HEALTH BEHAVIOR - HEALTH STATUS - EDUCATIONAL STATUS - RISK FACTORS - SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS - REVIEW LITERATURE Suggested citation Suhrcke M, de Paz Nieves C (2011). The impact of health and health behaviours on educational outcomes in highincome countries: a review of the evidence. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe. Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2011 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning...
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...A review paper published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal provides a summary of the current understanding of ASD and suggests a comprehensive set of guidelines on best practices for detection, diagnosis and treatment for children with autism based on the currently available evidence randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or systematic reviews. - See more at: "We have come to understand ASD as a remarkably heterogeneous constellation of conditions that covary with other disabilities and disorders (e.g., intellectual disability, epilepsy, ADHD, anxiety disorders) and various medical problems," writes Dr. Stephen Scherer, senior scientist and director of The Centre for Applied Genomics at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) and director of the McLaughlin Centre at the University of Toronto, with coauthors. "Recent discoveries of underlying genomic factors have shown great complexity and implicate various networks of causal factors." ASD, which includes a variety of traits that range from mild to severe, is estimated to affect about 1% of the population, although it is under-recognized in the developing world. The review, by specialists in pediatrics, psychiatry, epidemiology, neurology and genetics from across Canada, outlines the current understanding of ASD and best practices for pediatricians, family doctors and specialist clinics, and identifies resources for clinicians. Topics include: What causes autism? The causes are thought to be multi-factorial: genetic...
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...Secondhand Smoke Poses Hazard to Infants Listed are a few reasons why this topic is important * Infants that are around people that smoke are at increased risk for infections such as ear infections. * Being around smoke can interfere with the normal functioning of heart, blood and vascular system. * Leads to poor lung development (meaning that their lungs never grow to their full potential). * Studies show sudden infant death syndrome occurs in infants that are around smoke. * * Insert your second reason here. * Insert your third reason here. Secondhand Smoke Poses Hazard to Infants Listed are a few reasons why this topic is important * Infants that are around people that smoke are at increased risk for infections such as ear infections. * Being around smoke can interfere with the normal functioning of heart, blood and vascular system. * Leads to poor lung development (meaning that their lungs never grow to their full potential). * Studies show sudden infant death syndrome occurs in infants that are around smoke. * * Insert your second reason here. * Insert your third reason here. Secondhand smoke is the smoke a smoker breathes out and that comes from the tip of a burning cigarette, pipe and cigar. It contains about 4,000 chemicals. Many which are dangerous and can cause cancer. Anytime children breathe in secondhand smoke they are exposed to these chemicals. Do you want your child to get an infection...
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...two-year associate degree nurse could prepare registered nurses and have them out in the work force quicker (Scheckel PhD, n.d.). Her thoughts were that these programs would be able to produce nurses with enough skill and nursing judgment to be able to provide care to patients in less time. It is said that the Associate degree program focuses more on the skills and nursing theory (Creasia & Friberg, 2011). Baccalaureate degree nurses are still RN’s. The difference is that these nurses are in the program for four years. The first two years are usually focused on general education at the college level while focusing on the critical thinking skills by strengthening and expanding them. Baccalaureate nurses are taught more about evidence-based practice, critical thinking skills, delegation, leadership and accountability, to name a few. The nursing profession must produce leaders from the bedside to the boardroom and that is what obtaining your BSN is training you for. Higher...
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...Research shows that breastfeeding is the best choice over formula because breastfeeding provides the infant with essential nutrients, helps with recovery from childbirth, and protects the infant against a number of chronic conditions. Annotated bibliography Baumgartel, K. L., & Spatz, D. L. (2013). WIC (The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children): Policy versus practice regarding breastfeeding. Nursing Outlook, 61(6). 10.1016/j.outlook.2013.05.010 This article addresses the discrepancy of policy versus practice in the government subsidized program WIC. This article shows how even though the program is meant to support at risk mothers in breastfeeding, the numbers prove that a majority of their budget is spent on formula expenses. Very little of the budget is actually allocated to breastfeeding initiatives. The American Academy of Nursing members create and execute policy related initiatives to reform the American Health system. The academy has more than 2,400 members and is the established leaders in practice and research. They are advocates in healthcare policy making in Washington DC. This source will be relevant to the research paper because it will provide examples of the lack of funding for education and for initiatives for breastfeeding awareness and support, especially for the at risk population. Gianni, M. L., Roggero, P., Morlacchi, L., Garavaglia, E., & Piemontese, P. (2012). Formula-fed infants...
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...Pulmonary function tests Email this page to a friend Share on facebook Share on twitter Bookmark & Share Printer-friendly version Pulmonary function tests are a group of tests that measure how well the lungs take in and release air and how well they move gases such as oxygen from the atmosphere into the body's circulation. How the Test is Performed Spirometry measures airflow. By measuring how much air you exhale, and how quickly, spirometry can evaluate a broad range of lung diseases. In a spirometry test, while you are sitting, you breathe into a mouthpiece that is connected to an instrument called a spirometer. The spirometer records the amount and the rate of air that you breathe in and out over a period of time. For some of the test measurements, you can breathe normally and quietly. Other tests require forced inhalation or exhalation after a deep breath. Sometimes you will be asked to inhale the substance or a medicine to see how it changes your test results. Lung volume measurement can be done in two ways: * The most accurate way is to sit in a sealed, clear box that looks like a telephone booth (body plethysmograph) while breathing in and out into a mouthpiece. Changes in pressure inside the box help determine the lung volume. * Lung volume can also be measured when you breathe nitrogen or helium gas through a tube for a certain period of time. The concentration of the gas in a chamber attached to the tube is measured to estimate the lung volume. To...
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...Television Associated With Childhood Obesity COM 156 Introduction Childhood obesity has become a national dilemma. Recent studies have shown several causes for this public health epidemic. The evidence between childhood obesity and children’s excessive amount of time in front of the television has done nothing but increase each year. How long do children watch television each day. Does the media target children television? What are the health risks involved with childhood obesity? Childhood obesity continues to increase dramatically as the young viewers are victimized by television. Television Associated With Childhood Obesity During a recent study at UCLA School of Public Health, Sarah Anderson stated “The association between television viewing and childhood obesity is directly related to children’s exposure to commercials that advertise unhealthy foods.” (Anderson. S 2010) Researchers Frederick J. Zimmerman and Janice F. Bell conducted a study that involved 3,563 children, ages ranged from infants to 12-year-olds. Primary caregivers reported children’s activities and television viewing during the week. Studies had shown that commercial viewing had a significant affect with a higher BMI. According to Zimmerman and Bell, “steering children away from commercial television may be effective in reducing childhood obesity, given that food is the most commonly advertised product on children’s television and the fact that almost 90 percent of children begin watching...
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...individual's physiological status or change in condition (Royal College of Nursing, 2011). Depending on the individual's condition, VS are monitored and recorded routinely by policy, tradition, or expert opinion, whether needed or not (Evans, Hodgkinson, & Berry, 2001; Zeitz & McCutcheon, 2006). Five years ago, pédiatrie nurse leaders and evidencebased practice (EBP) experts from children's hospitals across the country voiced concerns about the frequency of VS at a National Summit for Pédiatrie and Adolescent EvidenceBased Practice (Melnyk et al., 2007). This summit resulted in our team formulating a clinical question, searching for the evidence, critically appraising the evidence, and formulating conclusions on normal parameters. Before the question on the frequency of ys could be addressed, two fundamental questions needed exploration, and thus, became the focus of our work. The questions are: • Among pédiatrie patient ages 1 through 5 years, what are "normal" VS parameters? • Among pédiatrie patient ages 1 through 5 years, what is a signifieant elinical change in VS? The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the best evidence for normative parameters for VS in healthy children 1 to 5 years of age and what constituted a clinically significant change in VS in hospitalized, but otherwise healthy, children. Debra Van Kuiken, PhD, RN, is an Assistant Professor, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH. Myra...
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...improving Quality and Value in the U.S. Health Care System August 2009 Preamble The Bipartisan Policy Center (BPC) is a public policy advocacy organization founded by former U.S. Senate Majority Leaders Howard Baker, Tom Daschle, Bob Dole, and George Mitchell. Its mission is to develop and promote solutions that can attract the public support and political momentum to achieve real progress. The BPC acts as an incubator for policy efforts that engage top political figures, advocates, academics, and business leaders in the art of principled compromise. This report is part of a series commissioned by the BPC to advance the substantive work of the Leaders’ Project on the State of American Health Care. It is intended to explore policy trade-offs and analyze the major decisions involved in improving health care delivery, and discuss them in the broader context of health reform. It does not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Senators Baker, Daschle, and Dole or the BPC’s Board of Directors. The Leaders’ Project was launched in March 2008. Co-Directed by Mark B. McClellan and Chris Jennings, its mission is (1) to create a bipartisan plan for health reform that can be used to transform the U.S. health care system, and (2) to demonstrate that health reform is an achievable political reality. Over the course of the project, Senators Baker, Daschle, and Dole hosted public policy forums across the country, and orchestrated a targeted outreach campaign to...
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...Linking Factors to Childhood Obesity and Interventions: A Literature Review Dontonio Earls Colin University Abstract The prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide has created an immense concern in how to combat the chronic disease; however, researchers have found that there are fundamental risk factors that contribute to childhood obesity. Because of this immense concern, researchers have examined several risk factors that may be linked to the rising number of obesity among children. The literature reviewed has revealed that the contributions of the built environment have played negative role in providing support to children who are obese or overweight. The objective of this research was to examine the negative risk factors that may be correlated with childhood obesity. The results revealed that the effects of childhood obesity have emerged from different phases of life: (a) familial stress, (b) emotional-behavioral stress (c) self-esteem, (d) peer victimization, (e) eating-habits and influences, and (f) physical activities. In addition to examining the fundamental risk factors, interventions have been suggested and discussed in this paper. Keywords: childhood, obesity, parents, schools, physical activity, food, intervention Linking Factors to Childhood Obesity and Intervention: A Literature Review Overview. Today, childhood obesity has become a primary issue for public health worldwide. It has been well documented that over 23 million children in the United...
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