...The Cost of Preventive Care Veronica Lee Regis College HP-622-01-11FA, Economics of Health Care December 4, 2011 Is There a Real Cost Savings with Preventive Care? Introduction: On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) into law, which creates health insurance reforms that will transform healthcare over the next four years. The PPACA will ensure that all Americans have access to quality, affordable health care and will create the transformation with the health care system necessary to contain costs (The Patient Protection). One of those health insurance reforms started on September 23, 2010, which will provide free preventive care. The PPACA will eliminate co-pays and deductibles for recommended preventive care, including preventive care for women, provide individuals with the information they need to make healthy decisions, improve education on disease prevention and public health, and invest in a national prevention and public health strategy (The Patient Protection). There are some exceptions to the law for grandfathered insurance plans. This preventive services provision applies only to people enrolled in job-related health plans or individual health insurance policies created after March 23, 2010 (Preventive Care). This law is supposed to improve quality healthcare and lower costs for patients. This paper will discuss what effect the new law may have on the United States healthcare system. What is Preventive...
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...Health Care Tamesha Mallard Comm/215 10-01-12 Jennifer Benoist Do you have health insurance? There are millions of people in the United States that would say no. The people that do not have health insurance are not just the homeless or unemployed, but they are the working class too. That means it could be you, your neighbor or even your co-worker that is uninsured. “Nearly 44 million Americans — about 15 percent of the U.S. population — have no health coverage, including 8.5 million children. And eight out of 10 uninsured Americans are in working families (Leydig)”. All citizens of the United States should have health care insurance, because multiple countries have universal healthcare, it will help detect life threatening diseases, and decrease financial hardship. As citizens of the United States, we all have rights; we have the right to bear arms, we have the right to a public trial, and we should have the right to health coverage. First of all, all countries should provide health care insurance to their citizens. The countries that do provide health insurance to all of their citizens call it Universal health care coverage. “Nearly 50 countries have attained universal or near-universal health coverage by 2008, according to the International Labor Organization. Several well-known examples exist like the UK, which has the National Health Service, and the Canadian public health care system. (Park, 2012)” Our country is already torn and divided by financial and economic...
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...Health Care: Cost, Access, Quality Corey Snow Grand Canyon University Abstract The Purpose of this research informative paper, is to analyze the contemporary health care issue of the Affordable Care Act in economic terms regarding the impact of small business and nonprofit health care organizations. Using various research references, the objective of this paper is to inform the economic drawback of the legislation of Affordable Care Act. Keywords: legislation, implementation, corporatized, health care, Affordable care Act, mandate provisions Health Care: Cost, Access, Quality Understandably in the post-modernism era of the United States, the idea of health care reform has centralized on the increasingly high number of the vulnerable or special population of uninsured citizens and the rising cost of health care in the United States. Outside the attentive public of American citizens and health care analysis who are informed about the growing cost of health care in the United States, there is the majority public whom have no clear understanding of the public dilemma surrounding health care reform. This can be noted about the rapidly growing statistical data of evidence surrounding the cost of health care, which is not in the mainstream public. More so, the incurring problems and cost in the quality and efficiency of health care provided by numerous health care providers lack the national support of the majority to actually make a difference in health care reform. While the...
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...Preventive maintenance (PM) has the following meanings: 1. The care and servicing by personnel for the purpose of maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition by providing for systematic inspection,detection, and correction of incipient failures either before they occur or before they develop into major defects. 2. Maintenance, including tests, measurements, adjustments, and parts replacement, performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. The primary goal of maintenance is to avoid or mitigate the consequences of failure of equipment. This may be by preventing the failure before it actually occurs which Planned Maintenance and Condition Based Maintenance help to achieve. It is designed to preserve and restore equipment reliability by replacing worn components before they actually fail. Preventive maintenance activities include partial or complete overhauls at specified periods, oil changes, lubrication, minor adjustments, and so on. In addition, workers can record equipment deterioration so they know to replace or repair worn parts before they cause system failure. The ideal preventive maintenance program would prevent all equipment failure before it occurs There is a controversy of sorts regarding the propriety of the usage “preventative.” Three kinds of maintenance: Preventive Corrective Block What is Preventative Maintenance? Preventative maintenance (or Preventive Maintenance ) is maintenance that is regularly performed...
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...health care law makes it easier to understand. This simple guide will help you make smarter choices for you and your family. KEY WORDS AND PHRASES What You Pay There are different costs associated with health insurance. When choosing a plan, it is important to take into account all of the costs for each plan. Premium The money you pay the insurance company to buy the plan. You usually pay this monthly or every pay period. If you get coverage through your job, your employer may also pay a part of the premium. Deductible $ The amount you have to pay for your $ health care each year before your $ insurance starts paying for care. Similar to car insurance, many health plans require you to pay a certain amount “out of pocket” before their coverage kicks in. For example, if your deductible is $300, you have to pay the first $300 of your medical costs yourself before the insurance starts paying. In some plans, the deductible applies only to services that you get outside their “provider network.” Also, some plans have a separate deductible for prescription medications. Usually, the deductible does not apply to preventive services. KEY WORDS AND PHRASES What You Pay Copay/Co-insurance The money that you may have to pay “out of pocket” for each service you receive. This could include an office visit with a doctor, a prescription medicine, an x-ray, or a hospital stay. $ If the money you pay is a set amount (for example, a $15...
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...Individual Project 5 Liz Palomo AIU Online HLTH330 Abstract This paper will explain how the new Affordable Care Act came to existence in March 2010. In addition, key features of the law will be described and how these new changes affect employees and employers. Introduction The Affordable Care Act (ACA) as signed on March 23, 2010 by President Barack Obama with the purpose to provide complete health insurance that will; hold insurance companies’ accountable, decrease the cost of healthcare, guarantee more choices, coverage expansion, and enhance the quality of care for all Americans (ACA History, 2016). The affordable care Act is comprised of two separate pieces of legislation; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (ACA History, 2016). How ACA Came to Existence For the last 75 years democratic Presidents had attempted to create a nationwide insurance system but they were all unsuccessful. In 2009 was the first year of Obama’s presidency and the house of Democrats introduced a plan of 1,000-page plan with the intention to overhaul the healthcare system on July 14th causing a raged debate on the topic (ACA History, 2016). The senate prohibited individuals that were unlawfully present in the U.S. to benefit from the health reform. Although all republicans voted against it, the senate bill was amended and approved by the House...
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...Payments Accountable care organizations (ACOs) were proposed in the Affordable Care Act as a measure to slow rising healthcare costs and improve quality in the traditional healthcare organization. ACOs seek to tie provider pay with quality outcomes and reduce total cost of care by increasing integration and reducing fragmentation. Within an ACO, a group of coordinated health care providers deliver and care across the full continuum to a group or population of patients. The ACA introduces and encourages use of ACOs by establishing the Medicare Shared Savings Program (SSP) for Medicare Reimbursement through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Under the SSP, providers that participate in an ACO continue to receive traditional Medicare fee-for-service payments but may be eligible to receive a shared savings payment if it meets specified quality and savings requirements. Therefore, “if an ACO succeeds in both delivering high-quality care and reducing the cost of that care to a level below what would otherwise have been expected, it will share in the Medicare savings it achieves.” ACOs are however, held to high standards and must meet several quality-performance standards to ensure their patients meet preventative and chronic health needs. The Medicare SSP focuses on achieving the Triple-Aim of better care experience for individuals, better health for populations, and lower per capita costs. While the SSP is a voluntary program, the financial opportunity will vary...
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...in American healthcare history came the highly controversial Affordable Care Act. This act will create an estimated 16 million newly insured people by the end of 2014. However, there are public policies that need to be resolved. The public policy question that warrants further inquiry and needs to be addressed is section 3502 of PL111-148 does not include nurse practitioners. The public policy question is: Should the federal government mandate inclusion of nurse practitioners. The resolution to the public policy problem is to amend section 2703 of PL 111-148 to say: Section 3503 would include nurse practitioners provided they are practicing with and/or under a licensed health care professional. “Coupled with an estimated shortage of over 60,000 primary care physicians, the country's public health care system will be at a challenging crossroads, as there will be more patients waiting to see fewer doctors. Nurse practitioners (NPs) can help to ease this crisis” (Hansen-Turton et. al, 2013). Nurse practitioners are health care professionals who are more than capable of providing and critical access to primary care, particularly for vulnerable populations. Nurse practitioners are vital resources to help rural hospitals, create more financial sustainability by reducing costs to per patient, and maximizing patient outcomes. It would be extremely advantageous to expand the roles of NPs to include preventive services (Marsh, Diers, & Jenkins, 2012). It is vital for the sake of the...
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...countries ("Introduction To The Uninsured: Current Controversies"). These results probably have much to do with the fact that as of 2008, 15 percent of the U.S. population is not covered by any means of health care insurance ("Introduction To The Uninsured: Current Controversies"). Not having health insurance because of the fact of how costly it is can be a contributing factor to people putting off and doing without health insurance, even on the occasion...
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...components that come with accepted accounting principles of financial reporting practices, and ethical standards in health care finance; such as Corporate compliance, ethics, or even fraud and abuse. There are four elements of financial management. “Financial Management means planning, organizing, directing and controlling the financial activities such as procurement and utilization of funds of the enterprise. It means applying general management principles to financial resources of the enterprise.” (MSG, 2012). These elements include, “Investment decisions includes investment in fixed assets (called as capital budgeting).Investment in current assets are also a part of investment decisions called as working capital decisions. Financial decisions - They relate to the raising of finance from various resources which will depend upon decision on type of source, period of financing, cost of financing and the returns thereby. Dividend decision - The finance manager has to take decision with regards to the net profit distribution. Net profits are generally divided into two: Dividend for shareholders- Dividend and the rate of it has to be decided. Retained profits- Amount of retained profits has to be finalized which will depend upon expansion and diversification plans of the enterprise.” (MSG, 2012). “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) refers to rules of accounting used to record and report the financial operations of an organization. GAAP is used by a number of...
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...Key Features of the Affordable Care Act By Year On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act. The law puts in place comprehensive health insurance reforms that will roll out over four years and beyond. Use the links below to learn about what’s changing and when: OVERVIEW OF THE HEALTH CARE LAW 2010: A new Patient's Bill of Rights goes into effect, protecting consumers from the worst abuses of the insurance industry. Cost-free preventive services begin for many Americans. See More 2010 Changes. 2011: People with Medicare can get key preventive services for free, and also receive a 50% discount on brand-name drugs in the Medicare “donut hole.” See More 2011 Changes. 2012: Accountable Care Organizations and other programs help doctors and health care providers work together to deliver better care. See More 2012 Changes. 2013: Open enrollment in the Health Insurance Marketplace begins on October 1st. See More 2013 Changes. 2014: All Americans will have access to affordable health insurance options. The Marketplace allows individuals and small businesses to compare health plans on a level playing field. Middle and low-income families will get tax credits that cover a significant portion of the cost of coverage. And the Medicaid program will be expanded to cover more low-income Americans. All together, these reforms mean that millions of people who were previously uninsured will gain coverage, thanks to the Affordable Care Act. See More 2014 Changes. ...
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...Epidemiology/Health Services/Psychosocial Research O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E Out-of-Pocket Costs and Diabetes Preventive Services The Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study ANDREW J. KARTER, PHD1 MARK R. STEVENS, MSPH, MA2 WILLIAM H. HERMAN, MD, MPH3 SUSAN ETTNER, PHD4 DAVID G. MARRERO, PHD5 MONIKA M. SAFFORD, MD6 MICHAEL M. ENGELGAU, MD, MS2 J. DAVID CURB, MD, MPH7 ARLEEN F. BROWN, MD, PHD4 THE TRIAD STUDY GROUP* OBJECTIVE — Despite the increased shifting of health care costs to consumers, little is known about the impact of financial barriers on health care utilization. This study investigated the effect of out-of-pocket expenditures on the utilization of recommended diabetes preventive services. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — This was a survey-based observational study (2000 –2001) in 10 managed care health plans and 68 provider groups across the U.S. serving ϳ180,000 patients with diabetes. From 11,922 diabetic survey respondents, we studied the occurrence of self-reported annual dilated eye exams and diabetes health education and among insulin users, daily self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Conditional probabilities were estimated for outcomes at each level of self-reported out-of-pocket expenditure by using hierarchical logistic regression models with random intercepts. RESULTS — Conditional probabilities of utilization (95% CI) varied by expenditure for dilated eye exam [no cost 78% (75– 82), copay 79% (75–...
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...General Circular No. 21/2014 No. 05/01/2014- CSR Government of India Ministry of Corporate Affairs 5th Floor, ‘A’ Wing, Shastri Bhawan, Dr. R. P. Marg New Delhi - 110 001 Dated: 18th June, 2014 To, All Regional Director, All Registrar of Companies, All Stakeholders Subject: - Clarifications with regard to provisions of Corporate Social Responsibility under section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013. Sir, This Ministry has received several references and representation from stakeholders seeking clarifications on the provisions under Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 (herein after referred as ‘the Act’) and the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014, as well as activities to be undertaken as per Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013. Clarifications with respect to representations received in the Ministry on Corporate Social Responsibility (herein after referred as (‘CSR’) are as under:(i) The statutory provision and provisions of CSR Rules, 2014, is to ensure that while activities undertaken in pursuance of the CSR policy must be relatable to Schedule VII of the Companies Act 2013, the entries in the said Schedule VII must be interpreted liberally so as to capture the essence of the subjects enumerated in the said Schedule. The items enlisted in the amended Schedule VII of the Act, are broad-based and are intended to cover a wide range of activities as illustratively mentioned in the Annexure. Contd…. -2- (ii) It is further clarified that CSR...
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...What does the future of health care hold? Many of our top politicians and physicians are asking the very same thing. Technology and pharmaceuticals are changing the face of healthcare and how treatment will be given and paid for. More surgeries are now being performed in outpatient clinics than ever before. CDC (2004) writes “The growth in ambulatory surgery has been influenced by improvements in anesthesia and analgesia and by the development of noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques. Procedures that formerly required a few weeks of convalescence now require only a few days (pg. 9 para2)". Hospitals are treating more of the terminally/chronically ill patients; more and complex procedures and treatments are now being performed in outpatient clinics. What changes are coming with the Patient Protection and Accountability Care Act? Will the future of Health care hold up? The delivery of Health Care is fast changing from inpatient admissions to outpatient surgery and clinics. Technology is fast acting and now with tele-doctor, digital diagnosis, electronic records are fast becoming the norm soon we will be able to scan records and compare symptoms to diseases and effective treatments. You will truly be able to put a dollar amount on your health care treatment that you are receiving. Patients are also beginning to use technology with sites like American Medical Association, Mayo Clinic and Medline Plus and are researching their own symptoms and diseases. Patients are engaging...
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...System Jane Waldfogel Summary The nation’s child protection system (CPS) has historically focused on preventing maltreatment in high-risk families, whose children have already been maltreated. But, as Jane Waldfogel explains, it has also begun developing prevention procedures for children at lower risk—those who are referred to CPS but whose cases do not meet the criteria for ongoing services. Preventive services delivered by CPS to high-risk families, says Waldfogel, typically include case management and supervision. The families may also receive one or more other preventive services, including individual and family counseling, respite care, parenting education, housing assistance, substance abuse treatment, child care, and home visits. Researchers generally find little evidence, however, that these services reduce the risk of subsequent maltreatment, although there is some promising evidence on the role of child care. Many families receive few services beyond periodic visits by usually overburdened caseworkers, and the services they do receive are often poor in quality. Preventive services for lower-risk families often focus on increasing parents’ understanding of the developmental stages of childhood and on improving their child-rearing competencies. The evidence base on the effectiveness of these services remains thin. Most research focuses on home-visiting and parent education programs. Studies of home...
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