...* * * * * * * * * Case Study: Steve and Cindy * * PACO 603 Premarital and Marital Counseling * * December 11, 2013 * Case Study: Steve and Cindy * When entering into marital counseling, a couple is often seeking help to resolve differences or problems either one or both are struggling to overcome. Steve and Cindy have recently begun this journey by seeking help with their marriage from a pastoral counselor at their church who uses Olson’s PREPARE/ENRICH program (2009). They have both taken the program’s online tests, which cover a multitude of key areas such as the couple’s background, relationship dynamics, and personalities. This paper addresses three main areas including the identification of the couple’s key strengths and weaknesses, a discussion of potential issues with the couple’s personality, and the development of a plan to counsel and support them through church ministry. * Key Areas Identified * Hawkins (1991.p.23) describes the concept of intimacy as “oneness with healthy separateness”. When reviewing the results of Olson’s PREPARE/ENRICH report (2009), it becomes evident that many areas of strength and weakness exist in the couple’s relationship. The answers provided under idealistic distortion indicate that both Steve and Cindy realize that there are problems in the marriage needing to be addressed but Steve is minimizing the severity of the problem. Cindy’s results state that she is...
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...Learning theories has been a subject of great interest in psychology ,this makes it fundamental to teaching and learning.The essay will assess contributions of educational psychology with reference to learning theories in teaching and learning .Key terms will be discussed in the next paragraph .The conclusion shall synthesize learning theories and the contribution of educational psychology and their educational implications . https://en.m.wikipedia.org / learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how information is absorbed, processed and retained during learning .That is learning theories helps to predict and explain relationship between learning conditions and the learning outcomes. Zindi,Peresuh and Mpofu,(1997) says “educational psychology is knowledge gained from psychology and applied to activities of the classroom.” Santrock (2011) deals with human behavior and its application in education .According to the above two definitions educational psychology refers to the provision to the teachers with theories which help them to be flexible and adaptable to different situations which can happen in the teaching and learning at primary and secondary level. Educational psychology contributes a lot in the teaching and learning. It helps the teacher in selecting materials suitable for learners and suitable teaching methodologies. When the teacher is well versed with theories, he or she find how to explain, describe and control behavior. In the classroom, when the teacher knows...
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...someone doesn’t speak our dialect or eats different food in the lunchroom it can create uncertainty among people who are uncomfortable with “new.” It is people’s natural reactions and human instincts that make accepting new people who are different scary and unnerving. McDonalds, Dell and Boeing are three companies that have managed multicultural organizations well and continue to show other companies what a benefit it can be. Workforce diversity is a term that arose in the 1970’s and hasn’t stopped rearing its head to society. McDonalds was one of the first companies in the seventies that had a department devoted to affirmative action. Pat Harris is currently McDonald’s chief diversity officer overseeing an evolving diversity initiative. She existed with the company during the early stages of workforce diversity. Harris claims that she doesn’t use the word program to describe the company’s objective regarding diversity because it has a beginning and an end. Diversity is an ever-changing issue for the company and being flexible and open to new possibilities is important. Pat claimed that education would drive business and ensure that everyone understood variety in people. Educational programs she insinuates, are what helps employees and executives to comprehend the differences that...
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...Assignment # 1 - ‘’ How Personal Can Ethics Get “ Leadership and organizational behavior- BUS 520 Abstract In this paper I will discuss the ethical codes and dilemma that Valerie is facing, an employee for a fragrance company based out of Chicago, whom has found out that her boss is violating the company ethical policy by accepting kickbacks. Also, I will discuss the stress that Valerie has experienced and how her manager has dealt with his ethics in handling the business and employees. And finally, I will discuss what I think is the right thing that Valerie should do. Valerie is a Marketing Manager at an international cosmetics and fragrance company called Wisson, headquartered in Chicago. She is in the US on a non-immigrant working visa and is dependent on the company as she has been accepted into a master’s degree program at the University of Chicago. In addition, her tuition would be reimbursed by the company. She works within a small team which is delivering designs for bottles, packaging and developing fragrances for their brands. Her manager, Mr. Lionel Waters, was hired by the company’s CEO and has been working for the company for 14 years. She soon became aware that he was violating company policy by accepting kickbacks under the name of his private company from fragrance suppliers. These two suppliers would give him a kickback monthly sum of $35,000 in exchange for exclusivity from the company from which...
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...Project 1 For the following project assessments you will only need to undertake either Project 1 or Project 2 to obtain competency. Write a 3,000 word paper explaining what continuous improvement means in the context of organisational success. Explain how the concept can and should be applied. Explain how it is possible to lead continuous improvement systems and processes encouraging employees to: - participate in decision making processes - assume responsibility - exercise initiative Explain how you will conduct an information session to communicate an organisation's continuous improvement process to employees. Explain how you would identify and address sustainability requirements in light of continuous improvement Explain how you would facilitate mentoring and coaching sessions to help workers take part in the organisation's continuous improvement process. Outline how you, as an organisational leader, would gather information about continuous improvement needs and would contribute to and implement continuous improvement initiatives. Draft a memo to employees providing information about changes to plans and operations, the outcomes of continuous improvement efforts. Lastly, also consider customer service and feedback from customers that might contribute to identification of improvement opportunities. Include reference to the impact of change on individuals and groups within an organisation, risk assessment, risk management and techniques for successfully managing...
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...Criminal justice is composed of many lateral departments that help us as a society to better understand the process that is started when criminal activity is suspected. We will examine how individuals learn how to commit crime and what motivates them to do so. This paper will discuss the steps that are taken once a crime is determine and how the Criminal Justice System is put into place to help solve and come to some type of resolution for the crime. This paper will further discuss the types of deterrence that are placed into society minds to help curve criminal behavior and activity. After reading this paper the reader should have a better understanding on how the Criminal Justice System works and why it is needed help promote a safe environment for our society. In order to understand what crime is we must first look at the definition of what criminal activity is. The term crime comes from a classification of wrongdoing that were established by state or Congress as a felony or misdemeanor, which is committed against a public law. Crime is defined as all deviance involving violating norms, but some norms attract the attention of the authorities. Acts that have been declared illegal by some authority are called crime (Curry, Jiobu, &ump; Schwirian, 1999). Crime develops from the wanting of certain things that attract or bring attention to certain individuals. A subject that is involved in breaking the law or a moral can be considered a criminal suspect according to the...
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...organisation's goals and must be able to communicate these goals to the employees who will work toward achievement. The difference between leaders and managers can be summarised as managers are people who do things right and leaders are people who do the right thing. To achieve organisational goals those who act in management roles should also be good leaders. Yet leadership and people with strong leadership skills will no only be found in management positions. Many people within an organisation will be leaders and some will take on leadership roles as required, in specific situations. Assessment Activity 2 Staff will not respect the manager and will not cooperate or work as hard as they should be. Credibility, a clear sense of where they are going The ability to delegate effectively and share power, Support for employees while they do important work, Someone who goes further than simply treating people as a means to an end, Clarity of communication and consistency Respect on both a personal and work-based level I believe so yes, I support and respect employees, am able to delegate work and I’m honest and reliable. Assessment Activity 3 Performance plans are necessary so that performance and productivity can be measured. Manages who do not monitor performance have no means of evaluating how well or how badly the organisation is performing. Assessment...
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...the pirate that was Steve Jobs, Apple would not be what it is today. Steve Jobs may very well be one of the leading entrepreneurs of his time, but other distinguished individuals have also followed down similar paths to profits and social change. Entrepreneurs take different approaches in determining their path to success. Two such paths are the profit-oriented and social-responsibility oriented entrepreneurial approaches. Though similarities exist between both approaches, numerous differences do as well. Steve Jobs said, “Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower.” It is however, up to the entrepreneur to decide which path of innovation to forge. Tim O’Shaughnessy, founder of LivingSocial.com, is one such entrepreneur whose path to success followed that of the profit-oriented approach. “For-profit organizations focus on business goals, such as making money. Even when for-profit organizations become involved in social activities, their prime purpose is usually to make a profit” (Ruvio, Rosenblatt, & Hertz-Lazarowitz, 2010). According to their website, LivingSocial claims, “Innovation and imagination have made LivingSocial the fastest-growing company in the social-buying category.” (“LivingSocial,” n.d.). LivingSocial offers a service to customers while remaining focused on profits. According to Satariano and MacMillian, (2011) this company, which has only been in existence for four years, employs over 1500 employees, and projections indicated...
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...1. Getting started It is a matter of some interest that logic and the law should share so many of their foundational concepts – concepts such as proof, evidence, truth, inference, probability, plausibility, presumption and reasonableness – and yet should have had very little to say to one another within living memory. It is not especially surprising that logic and the law should have suffered (I use the word in its Latin sense) this alienation. With regard to its foundational concepts – for example, the concept of proof beyond a reasonable doubt, the concept of the balance of probabilities, the concept of the reasonable person – the law embeds am implied epistemology of implicity. There exists among practitioners, especially judges, the view that definitions and formalizations of such notions are both unnecessary and is liable to conceptual distortion. But definitions and formalizations are mother’s milk to logicians. Where the law favours approximation and contextually sensitive nuance, logicians thrive on exactitude and rigour. So why wouldn’t the lawyers and logicians go about their business without the regard of the one for the other? It would be wrong to leave the impression that there is no analytical exactitude in the law. It would also be a mistake to suggest that there has been no contact with the formal disciplines. Trials are often complex and judgements often embed exhaustive and detailed analyses of relevant points of law. In recent years probability theorists have...
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...Bias in Our Court System….is it fair or unfair justice??? America was built on the premise of everyone having equal rights. After years of British tyranny our forefathers felt they wanted a system where they will not be improperly punished without facts. In fact the framers of the Constitution felt they needed a system where everyone gets a fair shot. In America everyone who is accused of a crime is supposed to have a fair trial and is assumed innocent until proven guilty. Sadly, however, some would argue America’s criminal justice system has become more twisted and unfair than ever and that the rule of law has basically been vanquished in America’s criminal justice system. Outcomes of cases are generally decided now by the prosecutors and more plea bargaining is the norm over trial by jury. Yet so many people in our society today feels that people in the system gets equal opportunities. Although some people end up with different sentences and punishments people say that the American court system is a fair system. America has slowly turned into a system where justice and fairness is overruled by money and power. In the media today many people are committing crimes and walking away with a slap on the wrist. Many social media and news shows the bias in court systems through their broadcasts of issues. The American justice system is biased in their convictions and sentencing through racial disproportion, social structure, and economic standing. Our criminal justice...
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...Business Communication Section A: Objective Type Part One: Improve the sentences in sense of attitude: 1. You always forget your signature same as bank sample. 2. You always make mistaken to fill tax form so you get penalty each time. 3. You always came in hurry to met counselor. So some time they didn’t available. 4. You submitted a travel request late as always so we have failed to receive it. Multiple choices: 1. In which country children are taught to look at neck while facing somebody or listening Answer: -India 2. Diagonal Communication is Answer: - Communication across boundaries 3. According to Italians the circle formed with the thumb and first finger means Answer: - Beautiful 4. In china ‘white’ color indicates Answer: - Peace 5. Kinesics is a study on body movements of an individual which includes gestures, facial configurations. This study relates to Answer: - Non verbal communication 6. If the audience is of extrovert type then Answer: - One should write a memo and let the reader think about the proposal. Part Two: 1. Write something about ‘Culture’ and its types. Culture is a shared set of values and attributes of a group, it is the sum total of the ways of living built up by a group and transmitted from one generation to another. Culture is so much a part of an individual’s manner of talking, behaving and thinking that communication style and competence are influenced by it. The...
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...new product for a new market. 1. Because opportunities exist in high uncertainty, entrepreneurs must use their judgment about whether or not to act. 2. The individual’s prior knowledge can decrease the amount of uncertainty. C. The McMullen-Shepherd model explains how knowledge and motivation influence two stages of entrepreneurial action. 1. Signals of changes in the environment that represent possible opportunities will be noticed by some individuals but not others. 2. Individuals with knowledge of markets and technology are more capable of detecting changes in the external environment, and if motivated will allocate further attention to processing this information. 3. The result of Stage 1 is an individual’s realization that an opportunity exists for someone. 4. The result of Stage 2 is the individual then needs to determine whether it represents an opportunity for him or her. D. To be an entrepreneur is to act on the possibility that one has identified an opportunity worth pursuing and it involves entrepreneurial thinking. II. HOW ENTREPRENEURS THINK A. Entrepreneurs think differently than nonentrepreneurs. B. Sometimes they have to make decisions in highly uncertain environments, with high stakes and immense time pressures. C. Given the nature of an entrepreneur’s decision-making environment, he or she needs to think structurally, engage in bricolage,...
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...Discipleship Counseling Sharon Drexler Liberty University Abstract Neil Anderson’s book, entitled Discipleship Counseling is a complete guide to teach how to help those who are hurting. This book is a useful resource to counselors, pastors, church leaders, or anyone who needs a step by step guide to biblical counseling. Dr. Anderson gives readers a very strong foundation of counseling through Christ, the work of the Holy Spirit, truth, the counselee’s faith, and the support of the church and Christian community. He discusses the encourager’s role in discipleship counseling as well as the role of the person being counseled. Anderson makes it clear that both parties must be open to the Holy Spirit and his truth if one wishes to reach the road to recovery, and the healing and peace that can only be found through Jesus Christ. The book is broken into three distinct sections to help the reader better understand how to reach these goals. The first section gives a description of mental health. In the second section Dr. Anderson describes root issues and how to counsel the spiritually oppressed and in the third section he takes the reader step-by-step through the freedom appointment and the Steps to Freedom. Discipleship Counseling Christians who choose psychology as a career are often challenged with claims that are a direct contradiction to their own worldviews, doctrines, and theology. In their search to resolve these issues and to achieve the goal of integrating...
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... Abstract Today’s entrepreneurs can learn how to profit and be social responsibility by studying the leading entrepreneurs of the past. In this paper we will learn Jack Welch and Dirk Mueller-Remus leadership style, and major business principles for a profit-oriented entrepreneurial approach in which the primary goal is to provide a product or service to consumers and to make a profit. Also their major business principles for a social-responsibility oriented entrepreneurial approach in which the primary is goal to make a positive impact on society (people, families, ecology, or similar) while providing a product or service to consumers and to make a profit. This paper will also show what three resources or tools available through the Small Business Administration and SCORE would be the most useful. Analyze and describe the founding leader(s), leadership style, and major business principles of a profit-oriented entrepreneurial approach in which the primary goal is to provide a product or service to consumers and to make a profit. The founding profit oriented leader is Jack Welch. He had a successful strategic plan with an aggressive approach to we maximize the opportunity. He will confidently say that the bottom line for most if not all entrepreneurs are to take care of their bottom line – income. Being able to make a residual income from your business makes it that much more enticing to stay in business...
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...Introduction Would you ever admit to committing a crime that you didn’t actually commit? Of course not, says common sense. Naturally, it is difficult to understand why anyone would confess to a crime they didn’t commit. However, false confessions are one the leading causes of wrongful convictions.1 As the Supreme Court of Canada noted in R v. Oickle, innocent people are induced to make false confessions more frequently than those unacquainted with the phenomenon might expect.2 In North America, we can trace the existence of false confessions back to the Salem Witch Trials, where a number of women were persecuted for witchcraft on the basis of confessions that were obtained through torture and threats.3 More recent false confessions have been obtained under psychological duress and not with torture or threats of physical harm.4 Nevertheless, with the developments in law and policies in place to control interrogation methods, false confessions continue to persist.5 This begs the question, are interrogation methods solely responsible for false confessions, or does some of the responsibility fall on the confessor? Scholars and social scientists agree, that it is not solely harsh interrogation tactics that lead to false confessions but it is the combination of these tactics with psychological factors such as, intelligence and personality, which contribute to the likelihood of a suspect providing a false confession.6 While there are currently solutions for avoiding false confessions...
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