...methods on conducting research. Give examples of topics which could be used in writing research. Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue". It consists of three steps: Pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question. Research and experimental development is formal work undertaken systematically to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humanity, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new. It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects, or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Methods for conducting a research: The goal of the research process is to produce new knowledge or deepen understanding of a topic or issue. This process takes three main forms (although, as previously discussed, the boundaries between them may be obscure): * Exploratory research, which helps to identify and define a problem or question. * Constructive...
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...– Hand-created script of predicted values based on workload – List of invariants that should hold true over behaviour What is a bug? A “bug” can be one or more of the following: • Failure to provide required behaviour • Providing an incorrect behaviour • Providing an undocumented behaviour or behaviour that is not required • Failure to conform to a design constraint (e.g., timing, safety invariant) • Omission or defect in requirements/specification • Instance in which software performs as designed, but it’s the “wrong” outcome • Any “reasonable” complaint from a customer • … other variations on this theme … The goal of most testing is to attempt to find bugs in this expanded Sense. Types of testing Smoke testing • Exploratory testing • Black box testing • White box testing Testing situations: • Unit test • Subsystem test • System...
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...Exploratory research: The chief purpose of exploratory research is to reach a better understanding of the research problem. This includes helping to identify the variables which should be measured within the study. When there is little understanding of the topic it is impossible to formulate hypotheses without some exploratory studies. For example, crop residues such a straw are high in lignin (a wood-like substance) and low in nutrients. This makes them a poor animal feed since the lignin acts against digestibility and the low nutrient content means poor food value. However, if treated in a strong alkali, plus a little heat, the lignin breaks down and the nutrient content increases. A company was established to exploit this technology and did so successfully for 4 seasons. After this period sales began to slow down. Three other manufacturers had entered the market by this time. The company, Animal Feed Systems, did not know whether the whole industry had slowed down or if only their product was suffering. Nor did they know if the problem was temporary in that perhaps the market comprised of "early adopters" had been saturated but it was only a matter of time before other farmers began to buy their systems when they saw how well they worked. It was also possible that if a problem did exist it could lie in any one of a number of areas: animal populations might be declining, distributors may not be promoting the product aggressively, customers may be experiencing difficulties in...
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...[pic] COURSE: MKT 4398 – Strategic Brand Management TERM: Fall 2009 | | | |Section 05: 12:30-1:45 T-Th | | | | | |Room: HSB 101 | | PROFESSOR: Dr. Chris Pullig OFFICE: HSB 223 OFFICE HOURS: T-Th 1:45 – 4:00 or by appointment PHONE: 710-4769 (Office) and 836-0206 (Home) EMAIL: Chris_Pullig@Baylor.edu Course Description and Objectives: One of the most valuable assets for any firm is the brand associated with its products and/or services. Despite this, very little attention has been paid to the subject in business education. To address this, Strategic Brand Management is an advanced elective that addresses important branding decisions faced by an organization. Its basic objectives are: 1) to increase understanding of the important issues in planning and evaluating brand strategies; 2) to provide the appropriate theories, models, and other tools to make better branding decisions; and 3) to provide a forum for students to apply these principles. Specifically, we will cover: ...
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...Communicative Language Teaching The aim of this unit • To make you think about communicative approach to teaching languages • To analyse the concept of communicative competence • To reflect upon the communicative teaching techniques What do you have to do in this unit? • Warming up discussions • Input reading • Self-assessment questions (SAQS) • Exploratory tasks • Integrated task Warming up discussion 0 Warm up the concept of a “communicative situation” (situation, in which it is necessary to communicate orally and/or through writing in order to achieve a certain goal). Produce a “mind map” of the concept listing most typical communicative situations in your own real world Communicative situations Input reading 1 The way towards communicative teaching Warming-up discussion 1.1 Rate in order of importance the items that the students need in order to master the language communicatively (more than one item can get one rank) |Items |Rating | |Vocabulary | | |Grammar | | |Pronunciation | | |Knowledge...
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...problem 3. Research design and plan 4. Experimental designs 5. Sampling and sampling strategy or plan 6. Measurement and scaling techniques 7. Data collection methods and techniques 8. Testing of hypotheses 9. Statistical techniques for processing & analysis of data 10. Analysis, interpretation and drawing inferences 11. Report writing M S Sridhar, ISRO 1. Significance of research design 2. Meaning & process of design / plan 3. Writing the plan (protocol) 4. Contents of the plan (protocol) 5. Qualities of good research design 6. Choice of research topic, method/ approach and methods of data collection 7. Types of research design 8. Comparison of research designs 9. Action & Applied Research 10. Correlational, Ex post facto, Ethnogenic & Triangulation Studies 2 Research Methodology 3 Significance of Research Design 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Smooth & efficient sailing (sets boundaries & prevents blind search) Yields maximum information (avoids collection of unnecessary data) Costs least in terms of effort, time & money Maximizes reliability of results Provides firm foundation to the endeavor Averts misleading conclusions & thoughtless futile exercise Helps organising ones ideas Gives chance to foresee flaws & inadequacies (anticipates problems) Incorporates by learning from others critical comments & evaluations Like a successful journey, Broadens your mind Gives fascinating & exciting experience Gives insight into world around you Provides opportunity to meet people...
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...marketing perspective, reading the following business newspapers and magazines is beneficial: * Business Week * Brandweek * Marketing News * Advertising Age * Wall Street Journal * Adweek * USA Today Money Section COURSE OVERVIEW Which brands make you happy? Starbucks? Apple? Nike? Coca Cola? What draws you into these brands? Do you think the brands you purchase are a reflection of who you are? How do companies create compelling brand experiences? How could you cultivate a brand that makes consumers happy? This course explores such questions with the goal of identifying the ingredients for building and managing an inspired brand. The course will interweave lectures, guest speakers, readings and in-class exercises—all of which will culminate in a Brand Audit group project that students will present in the final days of class. The course will provide students with an appreciation of the role of branding and (taking a consumer-centric approach) will augment students’ ability to think creatively and critically about the strategies and tactics involved in building, leveraging, defending, and sustaining...
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...A CASE STUDY ON EXPLORATORY LAPAROTOMY WITH ADHESOLIYSIS, RIGHT HEMICOLECTOMY WITH PRIMARY END-TO-END ANASTOMOSIS ________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirement In Surgical Nursing ________________________________ Presented to: The Faculty of Cebu Doctors’ University College of Nursing _____________________________ Submitted by: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Phi 2nd generation Class 2009 30 September 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………. 3 II. Objectives ……………………………………………………………………... 5 III. Nursing Assessment……………………………………………………………. 8 A. Personal History Patient’s Profile Family and Individual Information Level of Growth and Development Normal Development at Particular Stage The Ill Person at Particular Stage of Patient B. Diagnostic Results…………………………………………………... 16 C. Present Profile of Functional Health Patterns ……………………. 17 Health Perception / Health Management Pattern Nutritional – Metabolic Pattern Elimination Pattern Activity / Exercise Pattern Cognitive / Perceptual Pattern Rest / Sleep Pattern Self – perception Pattern Role Relationship Pattern Sexuality – Reproductive Pattern Coping – Stress Tolerance Pattern Value –...
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...suggest that a person may shop for many reasons 'T'HE field of consumer behavior has experi-•- enced a dynamic period of growth over the past 10 years. It is frequently overlooked, however, that this broad area consists of three distinct activities: shopping, buying, and consuming. Considerable progress has been achieved in identifying the behavioral dimensions of buying, and a number of theories of buying behavior have been postulated. However, less is known about the determinants of consuming and shopping which are also of substantial theoretical and managerial importance. This article attempts to encourage behavioral research and theory building concerning shopping behavior by presenting some exploratory research findings on the question of why do people shop? Numerous writings have been directed to this question. For example, researchers have suggested that shopping is a function of the nature of the product,' the degree of perceived risk inherent in the product class,^ and the level of knowledge or amount of information about alternatives.'' All of these answers are directed at the question, "Why do people shop in more than one store?" (comparison shopping). Other authors have maintained that shopping is a function of location. 1. Richard H. Holton. "The Distinction Between Convenience Goods, Shopping Goods and Specialty Goods," JOURNAL OF MARKETING, Vol. 22 (Julv, 1958), p. 56. 2. Donald F. Cox, ed.. Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior (Boston: Graduate...
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...Conflict and Self-Identification Introduction In this exploratory research project, I set out to investigate the relationship between classroom tasks and self-identification: does the learner redefine herself in order to access the L2 discourse? Does the classroom allow her to? What purpose does self-definition serve? In several studies I found, students did not feel that they identified with the target language, and those who did fell in and out of favor with the target language as they struggled to figure out their position between discourse communities. This type of struggle and lack of clearly measurable improvement is frequently viewed as a classroom failure. For example, as we have discussed in class, interpretations of a text that deviate from the “authoritative” interpretation are considered failed attempts even though reader response theory sustains that students read texts against their L1-mediated life experiences. It would seem that some sort of conflict between what is expected and what the learner brings to the table is a site for learning. Therefore, teacher emphasis on language as a tool to mediate an “identity crisis” may actually discourage students from identifying with the target language. The teacher is in danger of providing an “identity solution” of accommodation or acculturation (Lu 1992). Since to some extent the goal of reading and writing classrooms is have students actively redefine their identity position both as a learner and as a person in the...
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...An Introduction to Agile Software Testing 1 Course Objectives After this seminar, you will: Understand what an Agile project Know the differences between Kanban and Scrum Understand what and how a tester performs the testing in Scrum process Understand what testing techniques required for a tester in Agile Know what challenges of Agile Software Testing 2 Course Content What is an Agile Project? What are Scrum and Kanban? What are Scrum & Kanban Processes? What are testing Activities in Scrum? What are Agile Testing Techniques? 3 What is an Agile Project? All projects are “agile”, but some agile projects are more agile than others How to “agile” a project An Agile purist would point to agile manifesto and its principles Individuals and interactions over process and tools Working SW over comprehensive documents In practice, “Agile” labeled to projects that its delivery of each increment taking no longer 4 weeks Is it met level of agility? Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan 4 Agile Project An introduction of Scrum and Kanban 5 What is Scrum? Scrum in 100 words • Scrum is an agile process that allows us to focus on • • • delivering the highest business value in the shortest time. It allows us to rapidly and repeatedly inspect actual working software (every two weeks to one month). The business sets the...
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...QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN THE QUALITIES OF A GOOD QUESTIONNAIRE The design of a questionnaire will depend on whether the researcher wishes to collect exploratory information (i.e. qualitative information for the purposes of better understanding or the generation of hypotheses on a subject) or quantitative information (to test specific hypotheses that have previously been generated). Exploratory questionnaires: If the data to be collected is qualitative or is not to be statistically evaluated, it may be that no formal questionnaire is needed. For example, in interviewing the female head of the household to find out how decisions are made within the family when purchasing breakfast foodstuffs, a formal questionnaire may restrict the discussion and prevent a full exploration of the woman's views and processes. Instead one might prepare a brief guide, listing perhaps ten major open-ended questions, with appropriate probes/prompts listed under each. Formal standardised questionnaires: If the researcher is looking to test and quantify hypotheses and the data is to be analysed statistically, a formal standardised questionnaire is designed. Such questionnaires are generally characterised by: prescribed wording and order of questions, to ensure that each respondent receives the same stimuli prescribed definitions or explanations for each question, to ensure interviewers handle questions consistently and can answer respondents' requests for clarification if they occur prescribed...
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...The Poetry Component of the GCSE Literature Paper The poetry task is the second question on the GCSE English Literature exam paper. It is perhaps the more demanding of the tasks on the paper, because unlike the question on the prose, in this section you are being asked to compare four poems simultaneously throughout your answer. In the exam you should spend one hour on this section of the paper. Given the greater demand of the task, your response to the poetry is worth more marks than the response to the prose. In order to perform at the highest level on this paper, it is important that you develop a nuanced and sophisticated comparative written style. However, this is achievable if you adopt a systematic approach to ordering and writing your responses. It does, however, demand considerable practice prior to the final examination. What is the Examiner looking for in a response to the Poetry? The exam is designed to test your ability to do the following things: Can you respond to the poems critically, in detail, and sensitively using textual evidence? Can Can you explore language, structure and form contribute to the meaning of texts? Can Can you compare the ways that ideas, themes and relationships are presented in the poems by selecting Can pertinent details from the texts? In other words you need to: Write a detailed and nuanced comparison of the poems considering how the language and form contribute to the overall meaning of the poems, and...
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...Bridgestone, and Komatsu, to turn out higher quality products at considerable lower costs. His book What is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way, Prentice Hall, Inc. was a best seller in business books. He has been awarded the Deming Prize and the Nihon Keizai Press Prize, the Industrial Standardization Prize for his writings on Quality Control, and the Grant Award in 1971 from the American Society for Quality Control for his education programmer on Quality Control. (Japan Headquaters, 2010) Professor Ishikawa was born in Tokyo 1915 and graduated in 1939 from the University of Tokyo with an engineering degree in applied chemistry. In 1947 he was employed as an Assistant Professor at the University of Tokyo and achieved his Doctorate of Engineering. Professor Ishikawa is best recognized as an innovator of the Quality Circle movement in Japan. In the early 1960s in a speech to mark the 1000th quality circle convention in Japan in 1981, he described how his work took him in this direction. In 1968, in his role as Chairman of the Editorial Committee of Genba-To-QC (Quality Control for the Foreman) magazine, Dr Ishikawa built upon quality control articles and exercises written by the editorial committee for the magazine, to produce a 'non-sophisticated' quality analysis textbook for quality circle members. The book Guide to Quality Control was then translated into English in 1971, the most recent (2nd) edition being published...
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...Dennis C. Ramdawah ENG 4300 Professor J. Desalvo March 30, 2012 In writing about the literary styles of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Jane Austen, there are subtle comparisons and contrast the reader draws upon to decipher the ideological content of these two writers’ works. Rousseau’s, The Confessions and Austen’s Pride and Prejudice exhibit the sensibility of nature in one perspective and the hierarchy of an aristocratic culture too long forgotten. Moreover, these writers draw upon natural life experiences to showcase their thoughts on humanity, life, love and nature as a whole. They both employ these two definitive factors throughout their respective works. Their writing reflects their passionate relationship during the Romantic period and why they became influential artisans of that era. Rousseau’s most influential work, The Social Contract, discusses the origins of government and states emphatically that laws cannot be made if the people do not agree upon them. These thoughts on government were light years ahead of his time and for citizens of the Romantic period. Additionally, Rousseau argued that children should live and play and enjoy the outdoors and their learning should coincide with them during these stages of development. He bore his development as a child emotionally through his experiences with nature. He thought nature should have an impact in literature. These same influences are the kindling flames of the Romantic movement that spread from England to abroad....
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