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Facial Nerve Research Paper

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Anatomy of the Facial Nerve
The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve; it emerges from between the medulla and the pons, and travels through a 30mm intraosseus canal in the skull until it exits via the stylomastoid foramen and the “motor root” of the facial nerve forms the parotid plexus, splitting into 5 terminal branches i.e. temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical branches and innervates the muscles of facial expression, stapedius muscle, stylohyoid muscle and the posterior belly of digastric muscle. The facial nerve also supplies branches to the oral cavity and anterior two-thirds of the tongue and functions in the transmission of taste sensations.
The facial nerve also provides parasympathetic supply to the …show more content…
The first part of the facial canal, the labyrinthine segment, is the tightest (0.66mm) and is hypothesized to be the most common location of compression of the facial nerve. Given the narrow confines, it appears consistent that inflammatory, demyelinating, ischemic or compressive processes may affect neurological transmission at this site. The oedema and ischemia of the nerve results in compression of the nerve in the facial canal. The cause of oedema or ischemia is not specific, however it is visible via MRI in facial nerve …show more content…
Most population studies generally show an annual incidence of 15-30 cases per 100, 000 population. Bells Palsy can become recurrent, at a reported range of 4-14% of the time. The condition affects genders relatively equally; although women aged 10-19 are more likely to be affected than their male counterparts. However, it is more common in the elderly, and less common in children; patients over 65 have an incidence of 59 cases over 100, 000 population, patients under 13 have an incidence of 13 cases over 100, 000

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