...Roevee Tisoy HCOM 320 Research Paper Topic: Comparing High Context (Asian) and Low Context (Western/American) cultures' emphasis on family. The word 'family' holds a different meaning for everyone and depending on how they were raised, some people may put more of an emphasis on family than others. Another factor that contributes to how people feel about family and how much emphasis they place on things such as respect, familial roles, and family duties is their culture. Different cultures emphasize the importance of different things in society, family matters, and personal affairs. The purpose of this research paper is to compare the idea of family between a high context and a low context culture, particularly the Asian Cultures and Western Culture. Topics that will be covered include a brief overview of family, the types of family systems, family roles, parent-children relationships, and communication in between family members. Family is defined in the course textbook as "the fundamental communication system in all cultures"(Ting-Toomey & Chung, 2005, p. 87). From a very early age, children learn to look up to their adult role models (ie. Parents, Aunts, Uncles, and Grandparents), and in doing so they learn what to value and appreciate. The course textbook briefly describes a "family socialization process" (Ting-Toomey & Chung, 2005, p. 88) through which children learn to understand issues such as boundaries, power dynamics, and authority issues. In the high...
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...Families and Households There is a large debate amongst many Sociologists in relation to gender divisions of labour within families and households. Factionalists such as Murdock accomplished that family is so beneficial to society that it is unavoidable and global. This view is not shared by all sociologists. Feminists would dispute what functionalist’s state. Most feminists believe family exploits and discourages women. Parsons, a functionalist argues that there is a strong detachment of work between husbands and wives based on biological changes. He claimed that these detachments are favourable to men, women, children and wider society. Parsons believes women have the sensitive role designed towards homemaking and childcare. Men hold the instrumental role designed towards work and being the breadwinner. The New Right supports Parsons, they believe that the division of gender is normal and beneficial to family and furnishes the children to integrate to modern society. However many sociologists such as Young and Willmott claim that men are now sharing domestic roles and more wives are now becoming breadwinners as well. Feminist’s sociologists disagree with Parsons they claim that this only benefits men and the division of labour is not natural. Willmott and Young conducted a study in the 1950’s with a group of working class extended families which confirmed that conjugal roles have become more segregated. However in the 1970’s they conducted another study of...
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...four more hands stacked on top of one another. As the stack go up, the smaller the hands, ending with an infant’s hand on top of the stack. Each hand is that of a different ethnicity. While I was looking for a photo for my assignment I notice the different diversity of the hands. I notice that the photographer had placed the hands, so that you could notice the difference of skin color. The photographer also made sure that the adults hands were at the bottom while the younger hands were put on top. I think the photographer was trying to show that a family can be created by not allowing boundaries to stop you. My interpretation showed a family setting, with a diverse background. While I was looking through photos for my assignment I notice a certain picture. While I was looking at the photo, it reminded me a lot of my own family. I have a very wide range of ethnicity in my family and I am very proud of all my members of my family. I was never ashamed or embarrassed of them; some had step-fathers or step-mothers. I have heard stories from some friends who talk about how they were teased and harassed because they had a white father or a Latino mother. Even when I was in the military I had friend who told me they were embarrassed of...
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...Family Functioning Factors1 Sections A through F Family Identifying Information: Name 1 DOB Relationship Children’s Bureau of Southern California. (1997). Family Assessment Form. California: Authors. Reprinted with permission from Sandy Sladen, LCSW. Family Assessment Form Family Functioning Factors SECTION A: LIVING CONDITIONS* A1. Cleanliness/Orderliness - Outside Environmental Conditions Refers to environmental health and hygiene factors (e.g. litter, garbage, vermin, clutter, odors around the exterior of the home) that are NOT WITHIN the family's control. Need to consider intervening with owner/landlord, county health department, city code enforcement, and/or other regulatory agencies. Score 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 STRENGTHS: 3.5 4 CONCERNS: 4.5 5 Operational Definition Consistently clean and orderly; property very well maintained by owner/landlord and other tenants if a rental Generally clean and orderly; no health hazards; property well maintained by owner/landlord and other tenants if a rental Some lack of cleanliness; some disorderliness or clutter; other tenants or neighbors create messiness; slow response to problems by owner/landlord; occasional roach problem Inadequately clean or organized; potential health hazards present; a great deal of clutter or litter/garbage; or offensive odors; consistent roach problem; property poorly maintained by owner/landlord and other tenants; very difficult to reach or get response from owner/landlord Health hazards and violations...
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...Many of today’s families are constantly on the go. Therefore, finding time for family style meals that are also healthy can be a difficult task. To assure that families, especially children, eat healthy there are some very simple steps that parents can take. Studies have shown that taking these steps to promote healthful eating habits in children can have long lasting benefits. “Some past studies have suggested that when parents and children regularly connect over dinner, children are less likely to take up habits like smoking and drinking”. (Norton, 2007). To help busy families eat healthier, it is up to parents to lead the way. “Sometimes, this requires parents to act as a united front. This means that one parent cannot offer vegetables as a snack and the other parent makes regular trips to the ice cream store. By doing these, the children will often receive mixed messages and will likely make decisions on their own”. (Lair, 2000). Often times the decision they make may not be the best for their health. Therefore, parents who are good role models with their eating habits have a much easier time convincing their children to eat better. If parents are eating vital, wholesome foods like whole grains, beans, fresh vegetables and fruit, and healthy animal products children will be more likely to follow suit. (Lair, 2000). Children who are introduced to healthy eating habits at an early age have a better chance of eating right when they are adults....
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...My Extensive Family Having two fathers and three grandmothers may seem strange to others. But in my family that is the norm, which brings you to how my family became extensive. One weekend about four years ago my family and I went out for some ice cream at Dairy Queen. One of my mother’s friend showed up that she had not seen in a while. As we were sitting there he kept on saying “man, she looks just like my sister.” I just really ignored what he was saying. A little while afterwards he asked “what is your name?” I replied “”KiAna.” He said “what a coincidence my sister’s name is Kenyatta.” Then my cousin and I left and went skating. Once I returned home my mother told me she had something to tell me. So I sat down. She then told me the story about how they meet and what happened between them. Then I said “what are you trying to tell me?” She then told me that the man that I had known for my whole life as my father was not my biological father. Then she asked me was I mad. I replied “nope.” I said “things happen.” About two days later we paid a visit to a house. I had no clue where we were going but I went. When I entered the house my mom’s friend introduced me to his mom. We took some pictures and then we left. The next day they swabbed my mouth for the DNA test. About one week passed and the results came back stating that in fact he was my biological father. From then own I was meeting new people every day. My new father had a brother and a sister they both had kids. I...
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...Single parent families Single parenting has become a more popular style in the last couple decades. Single parenting has become one of the most common nontraditional families. According to George, “Although there are exceptions, this state usually occurs for one the three reasons: the parent was never married, the parent had separated or divorced from the spouse, or the spouse has died” (George, 2009). Single parents usually experience higher level of stress due to financial situations, high and low relationships with their children in addition to parenting styles, and sometimes the lack of rest (George, 2009). Around 43% of children live within a single parent home that is at or below the national poverty level (George, 2009). Due to not being financially stable, some single parents are forced to live in low-income neighborhoods which result into poor schooling systems. More children are likely to drop out of school and to be raised in poverty. Consequently there are more like to be teen pregnancies. Around 60% of are raised by young single parents who are less likely to get married (Feldman, 2011). In addition to teenagers are more likely to raised their child without the help and support of the father, as a result most teenagers abandon their education and have to rely on minimum wage jobs for a source of income (Feldman, 2011). According to Feldman, “ The consequences of living in a single parent families depends on the financial condition of the family and, if there...
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...МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ ХЕРСОНСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ТЕХНІЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ КАФЕДРА ТЕОРІЇ ТА ПРАКТИКИ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ Реєстр. № 7/949 - 03.12.09 Методичні вказівки для виконання практичних занять з дисципліни “Основна іноземна мова: усна та писемна практика мовлення (англійська мова )”, для студентів І курсу, напряму підготовки 6.020303 “Філологія” (за професійним спрямуванням “Переклад”) галузі знань 0203 “Гуманітарні науки” Херсон 2009 Методичні вказівки для проведення практичних занять з дисципліни „Основна іноземна мова: усна та писемна практика мовлення (англійська) для студентів І курсу, спеціальності 6.030500 „Переклад”. – Херсон, ХНТУ, 2009р. – 40 стор. Рецензент: к.п.н., доцент Радецька С.В. Укладач: асистент Прокопенко О.А. Обговорено і схвалено на засіданні кафедри теорії і практики перекладу Протокол №___ від “_____” ______________р. Завідувач кафедри _________ Н.В. Возненко Анотація Робота з текстом, виконання завдань до нього, переклад є ефективними для сприйняття й засвоєння іншомовної лексики, граматичних структур, фонетичних явищ, вмінь та навичок перекладу. Основною метою даної методичної розробки є оптимізація процесу вивчення англійської мови...
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...| Family | | | 12/10/2011 | Introduction to Sociology | If someone were to ask you what a traditional American family consist, how would you answer? Would you simply put it as a father, mother and a couple of children? This seems like the right response, but in reality the term family, comes in many variations. The text book defines family a social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one and other to include children. (J.J Macionis, 2009, page 374; para 3). In our culture we have seen single parent families, homosexual parent families, and families brought together after divorce. Whatever the dynamics are the family plays an important role in every person’s life. One particular family comes to mind in regards to the institution of family. The Duggar’s, they are a family of twenty- two members that have a reality show on the TLC network. This family is extremely original, considering they have nineteen children. The grandmother lives with the family as well. The faith of this family regulates everything they do, and every decision they make. They have a strong belief that God is the ultimate deciding factor on how many children Michelle Duggar has. They raise their children to respect the precept of their faith, in hopes they will become adults following the same standards. There oldest son is the only one who has moved out and is going in the same direction with his family. The theoretical...
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...Introduction Each family is unique and unrepeatable and hence the impossibility of creating family types to accommodate certain patterns. Thus, this case study research will research on the issue that how the diversity in different aspects of family affects the day – to-day life of the family and family dynamics. The basic task is to gather information about the family members and then discuss how the how the family dynamics is affected due to diversity. The changes in modes of family life arouse intense debate in as to the permanence and balance guaranteed by traditional models. Reconstituted families, single parents, arising from divorce, unwed motherhood or other factors, or complex families, among others, represents an innovation compared to traditional modes of nuclear family, consisting of a man and a woman with dependent children or families with one parent as a result of widowhood. In this family the person learns how to be and what to do once adult, who must assume the role of head of household, husband or wife, father or mother. This learning will be influenced by the models of relatives of his clan and its environment and cultural models of their studies of literature, film, television, etc. But it is essential the individual's experience in his own family. Although family diversity is not new, the extent of this phenomenon was only noticeable during recent years, in both past generations and we believe that this time is not sufficient for "Roles" have been codified...
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...THE FAMILY The Consanguine Family (The First Stage of the Family) The Punaluan Family The Pairing Family The Monogamous Family The Iroquois Gens The Greek Gens [The Rise of Private Property] The Rise of the Athenian State The Gens and the State in Rome The Gens Among Celts and Germans The Formation of the State Among the Germans Barbarism and Civilization Appendix: A Recently Discovered Case of Group Marriage INTRODUCTION After Marx’s death, in rumaging through Marx’s manuscripts, Engels came upon Marx’s precis of Ancient Society – a book by progressive US scholar Lewis Henry Morgan and published in London 1877. The precis was written between 1880-81 and contained Marx’s numerous remarks on Morgan as well as passages from other sources. After reading the precis, Engels set out to write a special treatise – which he saw as fulfilling Marx’s will. Working on the book, he used Marx’s precis, and some of Morgan’s factual material and conclusions. He also made use of many and diverse data gleaned in his own studies of the history of Greece, Rome, Old Ireland, and the Ancient Germans. It would, of course, become The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State – the first edition of which was published October 1884 in Hottingen-Zurich. Engels wrote The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State in just two months – beginning toward the end of March 1884 and completing it by the end of May. It focuses on early human history, following...
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...Every individual as a human being is, voluntarily or involuntarily, a part of an organization, family and society. By default each human being is social animal and is expected to behave in certain manner within each of these. Also he/she has expectations from other people who are also a part in all of these. For every aspect a human being has a different behavior and a different set of expectations depending on whom is he/she dealing with. Our behavior towards and expectations from our boss will be very different from that of our parents. ORGANIZATION THE COMPANY WHAT IS EXPECTED FROM ME * To be Professional * Be committed to your work and the organization- If working, then one should be committed to his/her work and the organization with whom you are working with. You should not take your work casually. * To be honest- the more honest one is, the more trustworthy you become. * Regular: Treat the organization as your own be regular with the work. An Irregular employee not only ruins his reputation but also hampers the smooth working of the organization. It makes him unreliable. * Value Resources- Value resources of time and money spent by the organisation one works. Value them and respect them. The company allocates and provides resources for the employees progress and development and to provide a better work environment. To misuse the resources is unethical on the employee’s part. * Constant Learner- I will continue the development of myself as a...
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...My Family Gender roles do not really play a part in my family. The family that live in my home are myself, my husband, and my son. My son is here on weekends. We also have two cats. We recently moved from Sanford to Lyman, but my son has been in the Sanford school system all his life and situated within a special Ed program that works for him, his father and I decided that keeping him within the program that already benefits him it would be best for him. So during the week it is just my husband Rick and I. So maybe there is one roll, but it certainly isn’t by gender. My husband is the cook in the house, as I hate cooking and am not good at it, nor do I really want to be. We both do the cleaning and such. So there is really no separate “jobs”. When my son is here, he does help take out the trash and is responsible for keeping his room clean and cleaning up his own messes. Kristopher, my son is 13. I definitely think that roles have changed over the last generation, but even more so from the generation before that. Both of my parents worked full time jobs, but my mother was always the one to come home and do the cooking and cleaning, while my father and yes with a beer in hand watched TV. Mom also made almost all of our cloths. I did not have the typical childhood as when I was a teenager I was put into foster care, as was my brother. There is not much more that I remember about what my parents did or didn’t do, they divorced when I was maybe seven or eight. My mother remarried...
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...Sociology Revision What is the family? “The family are a close group of people, usually related not always. Who support each other and at some point in their lives tend to live in the same household.” There is no correct definition on the family, Sociologists do not agree on a definition, broadly there are two types of definition; • Exclusive definitions – These focus on the specific relationships within the family unit i.e. marriage • Inclusive definitions – These focus on the functions of the unit e.g. support. The Cereal Packet Family A popular image of the family in Britain in the late twentieth century has been described as the cereal packet family. The ‘happy family’ image gives the impression that most people live in a typical family and these images reinforce the dominant ideology of the traditional nuclear family. Functionalists Roles of the Family – Parsons The Functionalist Talcott Parsons sees two main functions that the family performs these are: • The primary socialisation of children Parson argues that every individual must internalise the norms and values of society. He said it is the family that moulds the child’s personality to fit the needs of society, producing children who are committed to shared norms and values and who have a strong sense of belonging to society • The stabilisation of adult personalities Adults need emotional security, which is given by partners in a marriage, and they also need a source...
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...Family is often defined as a basic social unit, in which a group of people is living together and is related to each other by the ties of marriage and the bonds of blood. Family is also defined as a place where we, as human beings, seek shelter and comfort. In the photographs taken by John Clang, which was displayed in the National Museum of Singapore’s Being Together exhibition, portray what it means to be a family both in the past as well as in the present. One of the similarities between the photographs of the past and of the present is they both reflects the idea of being one unit and the idea of togetherness. In the past, ranging from the 1870s to the 1970s, photographic portraits consisted mainly of images of royalties, of affluent local families and that of European traders and their families. Often times, these photographic portraits (see Exhibit 1) are commissioned to reflect the wealth, lineage, and the status of privileged class and to document the colonial conquest. However, in the late 1970s, casual snapshots became increasingly popular with the ubiquity of handheld cameras. In addition to that, families in photographs (see Exhibit 2) of the past often portray a big family. This perhaps is due to the style of living in the past. In times of ancient past, families often stayed in small villages. Nuclear and extended families often times lived in the same house (long houses they are called, according to my grandmother). This is, in part, reflected in the village...
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