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Fedral Tax Law

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Submitted By Hanank
Words 5591
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CHAPTER 1
UNDERSTANDING AND WORKING WITH THE FEDERAL TAX LAW
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEM MATERIALS

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1.

(LO 1) When enacting tax legislation, Congress often is guided by the concept of revenue neutrality so that any changes neither increase nor decrease the net revenues raised under the prior rules.
Revenue neutrality does not mean that any one taxpayer’s tax liability remains the same. Since this liability depends upon the circumstances involved, one taxpayer’s increased tax liability could be another’s tax saving. Revenue-neutral tax reform does not reduce deficits, but at least it does not aggravate the problem.

2.

(LO 2) Economic, social, equity, and political factors play a significant role in the formulation of tax laws. Furthermore, the IRS and the courts have had impacts on the evolution of tax laws. For example, control of the economy has been an important economic consideration in passing a number of laws (e.g., rapid depreciation, changes in tax rates).

3.

(LO 2) The tax law encourages technological progress by allowing immediate (or accelerated) deductions and tax credits for research and development expenditures.

4.

(LO 2) Saving leads to capital formation and thus makes funds available to finance home construction and industrial expansion. For example, the tax laws provide incentives to encourage savings by giving private retirement plans preferential treatment.

5.

(LO 2)
a.
Section 1244 allows ordinary loss treatment on the worthlessness of small business corporation stock. Since such stock normally would be a capital asset, the operation of § 1244 converts a less desirable capital loss into a more attractive ordinary loss. Such tax treatment was designed to aid small businesses in raising needed capital through the issuance of stock.
b.

c.

6.

The corporate income tax rates favor

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