...captivity. Some of the differences between the two environments are the whales behavior, how they eat, and their dorsal fins. Killer whales are amazing creatures that can live up to 29 years. What exactly determines how long they live? The main factor is usually if they are kept in captivity or in the wild. In the wild, killer whales’ swim up to 100 miles a day. They socialize with other members of their pod and usually have close ties with their families. Most whales are very playful and rely mainly on their hearing. In the wild, whales spend close to 90% of their time under the water. Whales eat various types of fish throughout the day. This animal is around hundreds of different species of marine life throughout a single day. Whales dorsal fins, in the wild, usually stick straight up....
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...Introduction 2. Literature Review: Aquaculture in Algoa Bay 3.1. Fish farming 3.2. Algoa Bay 3.3. Economic Methodology: Cost/Benfit analysis 3. Case Study: Algoa Bay fin fish farming project 4. Analysis and Policy Implications 5. Conclusion 1. Introduction The global level of fish stocks are on an overall decline due to overfishing. Areas within South Africa such as the Eastern Cape Province are considered to be the second greatest producing province of aquaculture commodities. Because of the rich aquaculture within the Eastern Cape, the Departments of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, through various criteria based on a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), have selected Algoa Bay within the Eastern Cape to introduce fin fish farming. The various fin fish that are intended to be farmed in this area are linked fishery exports that contribute approximately R411 million per annum in the Eastern Cape. Thus study intends to investigate the development proposal aimed at increasing the growth of the aquaculture industry within South Africa as well as conducting an investigation into the economic and environmental issues associated with the introduction of aquaculture within areas such as Algoa Bay. The objectives with the introduction of fish farms are to increase job creation within the area and more importantly to manage the dwindling stocks of wild fin fish. A cost and benefit analysis will be applied to the Algoa Bay case study...
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...January 11, 2013 Fish have a very unique anatomy and physiology so that they can thrive in underwater environments. Fish have a closed circulatory system, in a fish blood flows from the heart, to the gills, to the body and back. Gills are comparable to the lungs of humans but the way they take in oxygen is very different. Water flows over the gills and the gills absorb dissolved oxygen. Fish sense their environment in a number of different ways that are unlike humans. Some fish can smell their environment through their skin in addition to using their nares. Additionally fish can sense electric fields and their environment using a structure called a lateral line. These structures are unique to fish and allow them to perceive their environment and live successfully. Fish maintain their buoyancy through an anatomical structure called a swim bladder. This is like a built in float that can inflate and deflate to help achieve neutral buoyancy at different depths. Some fish have swim bladders; while others that dwell on the bottom of the sea floor, which do not move up and down the water, do not have a swim bladder. The swim bladder also helps the fish to produce sounds. These sounds can be warning and mating signals to other fish. To help fish swim they have a number of fins (dorsal, ventral, pelvic, anal and caudal) and these fins could be rayed or composed of adipose tissue. Some fish have fins that can retract to help reduce drag while swimming and some fish only have a couple...
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...waters are filled with millions of fish, but only a small fraction have been discovered and identified. Some date back to ancient times, while others are considered to be more modern. Even though some species of fish may have extreme differences from each other, they all contain diets that require specific nutrients in order to carry out healthy life. When identifying fish one must look for significant traits or behaviors that the fish may contain. A carp is identified by the single barbel located at each corner of the mouth. Meanwhile, the mirror carp can be spotted by their large scales that can flake off. Determining the difference between the bullhead and catfish may seem a little tricky, but if one looks close enough, the differences can easily be found. The bullhead has a visible rounded tail, and the catfish has a forked tail. Not only are fish identified by the shapes of their tails, but also by the shapes of their mouths. For instance a largemouth bass would be found with a large upper jaw that extends past the eye of the fish, and the buffalo contains a downturned mouth with thick lips. Fish can also...
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...” 6. What does this visual want from its viewers? What message does it convey? To make people think about the fact that if an animal is considered “cute” or beautiful everything possible is done to prevent its extinction, and that people need to think about other animals as well. The picture portrays a school of blue-fin tuna in the ocean, but focuses directly on one wearing a panda mask. The text underneath it states, “Would you care more if I was a panda?” We all know that the panda is an endangered species and is near extinction. This visually argues that the blue-fin tuna is also becoming endangered, but with much less worry over the likelihood of extinction of this species. People care more about the panda than this fish. The reason the blue-fin tuna is becoming endangered is likely due to excessive fishing. People are more likely to eat fish rather than eating panda, which is why one of the fish is hiding behind a panda mask. Due to our excessive fishing and consumption of this fish, the blue-fin tuna will most likely become extinct. This is similar to a campaign by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, ‘to rename all fish...
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...about the Whaling Debate on whether countries should be allowed to continue to hunt whales or should we leave them protected and my beliefs on the subject. This debate has also focused on issues of sustainability and conservation as well as ownership and national sovereignty. Some of the issues included in these debates is the question of cetacean intelligence this refers to the Cetacea order of mammals, which includes whales, porpoises, and dolphins; and the level of suffering which the animals undergo when caught and killed (The Whale Debate: Whale Wars, 2014). Another hot topic in the debate right now is the right to kill a certain amount of whales for scientific research, Japan kills 1000 minke whales a year and about 100 endangered fin and humpback whales. Whales are mammals the same as we are and they are intelligent and have feelings such as pain and a sense of loss. Before I get into my opinion I will list the pros and cons of this particular activity. There are a few of each so I will start with the reasons for whaling, many indigenous people, such as the Inuit’s of Alaska, rely on whales for food and other materials to survive in such harsh environments and they are...
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...Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study One of the major sources of protein in human diet is fish. In fact, marine animals were assumed by ancient writers to be symbols of good health. However, nowadays, marine animals are far from being representatives of good health. They are subjected to diseases just as much as their terrestrial counterparts. Disease, in fishes, is closely linked to environmental stress. In the wild, they generally have some degree of freedom to modify their environment. They can move to more suitable conditions if faced with a negative environmental change such as a reduction in oxygen level. In culture conditions, on the other hand, they have limited opportunity to choose their external environmental conditions. Most individual fish, may it be in wild or cultivated populations are infected with parasites. The number of parasites necessary to cause harm to the fish varies considerably with the species and size of the host and its health status. Many parasite species are host-specific to at least some degree and are capable of infecting one or only a limited number of host species. Parasites disease of fish (and livestock) reduces the amount of food available to people around the globe. This is why many researchers mention that it is imperative to investigate the relationship between the environmental factors which affects the parasites that affect production and quality. Even today, it remains difficult to convince governments and...
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...How Fish Have Evolved To Become Suited To Its Environment Erica Twilley BIO 101: Principles of Biology October 30, 2012 Angela Romo, Facilitator University of Phoenix Fantasy Literature and Fantastic Language Fish are aquatic organisms that have several features that allow them to survive in their environment. All fish have fins, which help them keep going in a specific direction by guiding them and providing thrust. Their bodies are streamlined to help reduce friction as they swim through the water. Their skeleton is important for this, too. The skeleton provides the framework for the outer structures and the muscles provide the power that allows the fins to thrust them through the water. The hindbrain is responsible for sending the signals for movement and keeping the fish balanced. The swim bladder is also important for swimming. It is a gas-filled organ found in the abdomen of fish that allows the addition or removal of gas to let the fish move up or down in the water. If fish did not have this organ, they would have to keep swimming so that they would not sink. This organ allows them to expend less energy as they adjust the depth at which they want to float. Some fish can use their swim bladder to send or receive sounds. Their eyes allow them to see their prey and predators. The midbrain of the fish is responsible for vision, motor responses, and learning. Gills allow for gas exchange so that they can breathe in the water. The oxygenated blood will be circulated...
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...I hooked up to a monster fish! It jumps, flying into the air like a torpedo! I catch a glimpse of a long bill and a spear-like dorsal fin. I've hooked up to a blue marlin... Or a swordfish. I don't know. These beasts of the ocean have many similar characteristics, foods, and places to live, but one favors some things more than the other. But I do know one thing- they sure do fight hard! Both blue marlins and swordfish are, for the most part, similar, but minor differences set them apart. The ways their bodies are built are very similar. Blue marlins and swordfish are similar in that they both have a streamlined, aerodynamic, body in water, and a long, spear-like crescent dorsal fin. Unlike the blue marlin's tapering dorsal fin, the swordfish's dorsal fin stops abruptly. A blue marlin can reach 14 feet in length and has been recorded to be a whopping 1,985 pounds! A swordfish is longer but not as "bulky" and heavy as a blue marlin, and can reach more than 14.5 feet in length and weigh up to 1,400 pounds. These creatures of the ocean both have long pectoral fins, "side fins," that keep them stable in the water so they don't flip over. Their bills, however, have a minute difference. The blue marlin's bill is rounded at the end, while the swordfish's bill is pointed....
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...Longlining is destroying our ocean animals but for the most part it is lowering the existence of tuna. Longlining is also damaging other animals like sharks, sea turtles, dolphins and other fish. Longlining is for catching tuna, and when other animals are caught known as bycatch they're just thrown back, usually by the time they are thrown back they're already dead or are dying. When tuna was first introduced it was first made as a fertilizer. It was then put into to can and was named “chicken of the sea” that's when tuna started to become more well known. From tuna sandwiches then to tuna rolls in sushi. That's when japan got there hands on tuna and it suddenly started booming left and right. When big fisheries started to over fish and when there methods slowly got worse. They came up with techniques that would destroy our ocean life. By doing so we caused a lot of bycatch and screwing up the reproduction of tuna and decreasing the amount of sea animals all over the vast ocean. (Andrew F. Smith) Tuna are huge on the market especially in japan for sushi use mainly. Japan loves their tuna especially “king tuna,” king tuna are adult sized tuna but they are absolutely massive and are very rare to...
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...game fish and taste delicious. Most of the cobia you’ll find in the market comes from aquaculture operations. In the wild, cobia are rarely seen in large groups, so only a small amount is wild-caught. Commercial fishermen do not specifically target cobia and only harvest them incidentally when fishing for other species. China is the leading producer of farmed cobia. Other nations are developing technology to produce cobia, so global production of cobia will likely expand in the future. Ocean-cage operations are under way in Panama, the Bahamas, Vietnam, and Central America. In the United States, a freshwater facility in Virginia is producing and marketing farmed cobia, and research efforts are ongoing to enhance commercial aquaculture of cobia and demonstrate its technical and economic feasibility. LOOKING AHEAD Attaining a maximum length of 2 m (78 in) and maximum weight of 78 kg (172 lb), the cobia has an elongated fusiform (spindle-shaped) body and a broad, flattened head. The eyes are small and the lower jaw projects slightly past the upper. Fibrous villiform teeth line the jaws, the tongue, and the roof of the mouth. The body of the fish is smooth with small scales. It is dark brown in color, grading to white on the belly with two darker brown horizontal bands on the flanks. The stripes are more prominent during spawning, when they darken and the background color lightens. The large pectoral fins are normally carried horizontally, perhaps helping the fish attain...
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...part of the shark, which is the shark fin. When people fish the shark fins the would take the sharks out of the water and the they would cut the fins and return them to the ocean and the shark would die of hunger of would stop swimming as a cause of their lot fin. We need to stop or slow down shark fishing because they will be extinct soon if we don’t stop it and if they go extinct the natural balance of nature of the ocean will collapse because of the food chain Shark finning exists because the amount of money restaurants, medicine companies spend for the shark fin. Asian restaurant companies would charge about $100 USD for one soup of shark fin. Medicine that comes from shark fin is always very expensive. This is why people abuse and kill sharks illegally in large amounts. Shark finning is banned in many countries. Governments should reward those fishermen who accidently fish a shark in their nets or lines and return them safe and alive again to the ocean. Governments should give them a good amount of money if fishermen contribute in preserving sharks. Many fishermen return the sharks to the ocean once the fins have been removed but these sharks do not survive. Sharks are very important to the ecosystem in the oceans and in order to continue the food chain sharks must not be finned. If a fisherman is caught finning a shark the first offense should be a fine that will be more that what they will obtain by selling the shark fins that the have on their ship. The second...
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...Sex over survival: Reproductive trait in fish impedes tissue regeneration Name Name of institution Sex over survival: Reproductive trait in fish impedes tissue regeneration This article is about a specific trait of fish known as Zebra fish in which case the male species are seen to poorly regenerate their injured pectoral fins when compared to the female species. The scientists in this case think that as a result of the above study, they can demystify why some animals bodies repair tissue while others do not. This is a classic example of the trade-offs that exist between reproduction and survival. According to the author, Junsu Kang scientist have been able to identify autonomic structures used by the fish during mating which produce a signal that impedes the regeneration of pectoral fins after an injury. This study can be used to explain why some humans are able to regenerate tissue when compared to others. The pectoral fins of zebra fish contain structures used for breeding that are act as molecular inhibitors towards the cycle of regeneration. However, higher vertebrates have a smaller need for tissue regeneration when compared to lower vertebrates such as fish and salamanders. This article relates to biology since it explains how tissue regeneration may be lost during species evolution. This in essence could explain the additional limbs in earlier species of animals and the human race as well. The author represents the issue well. He explains why regeneration...
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...HRM16 1. When you are researching in terms of topics related to your subject HRM16, which one do you want to work on/ research on? Check the topic you want to research on: ___a. issues regarding hotels contribution on the income of the place ___b. making a program so that hotels become more profitable ___c. importance of spa, salon, & resorts in promoting tourism of place ___d. is General Santos City’s tourism booming ___e. are personalities from General Santos City brings big income to the city? 2. Cite two-five studies regarding hotel & restaurants management. It could be foreign or local study. Case Study: Restaurant downsizing Sally Smith is a manager at the Butcher Block Restaurant. Due to her extensive background in the restaurant business, she has great influence on the executive management and often makes significant recommendations for changes that are supported. The restaurant was closed two months ago after a news release issued by the regional Health Department claimed that at least twenty people had become ill apparently with the listeriosis infection after eating at the Butcher Block the month before. Listeriosis has been isolated in the feces of healthy humans, sheep, cattle and poultry, and the spread of this disease has been linked to the consumption of contaminated food production. Five of the sickened people had to be hospitalized. Although a thorough restaurant health inspection failed to prove the restaurant was responsible,...
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...place. Although water temperatures can vary widely, aquatic areas tend to be more humid and the air temperature on the cooler side. Marine regions cover about 3/4 of the surface and there are hundreds of different fish to cover each square foot of it. It includes oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries. Marine algae supply much of the world’s oxygen supply and take in a huge amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The evaporation of the seawater provides rainwater for the land. Populations of organisms in the marine biome are limited by salt level, light, temperature, water pressure, and nutrients available. Animals found in the Marine: are whales, dolphins, sharks, and seals which are some of the most popular kinds of sea mammals. Also the walrus, star fish, eel, crabs, and lots of other fish also, but this is just a small list compared to the many different kinds of fish that inhabit the biome. In general these fish have about five different adaptations. These adaptations include sleek bodies to cut down on friction when swimming through the water, gills to allow them to breath underwater, eyes on the sides of their heads so they can see enemies coming, fins to help them swim faster, and they have color coded skin to help them hide from their enemies. Most of the small fish are herbivores Along the ocean floor you will find many creatures disguised as plant. While they are truly primitive animals. Some...
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