...Introduction The report encapsulates a detailed assessment of the financial performance of the firms; Petronas Gas Berhad and Shell refining company which belongs to the gas and oil industry. An extensive evaluation of the financial statements of the year 2009 to 2011 has been incorporated. Company Profiles I. Petronas Gas Berhad (PGB) PGB was founded on 1983. TOD is responsible for the transmission and delivery of sales gas to customers in the power, industrial and commercial sectors throughout Peninsular and East Malaysia. Business Activites: Four major divisions operate under PGB. They are Plant Operations, Transmission Operations, Centralised Utility Facilities and Technical and Facilities Development. Plant operations are responsible for the processing of the gas piped from the Petronas offshore fields, and the Transmission Operations are used to transport the processed gas via the Peninsular Gas Utilisation (PGU) pipeline network to Petronas consumers nationally. Centralised Utility Facilities division is responsible for delivering industrial utilities to the various petrochemical plants which are operative in Kertih, Terengganu and Gebeng, Pahang. Lastly, the fourth division provides expert technical services in engineering and project management for PGB and other bodies operated within the Petronas group of companies. In 2012, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Regasification Division was formed which plays the role of supervising and operation of engineering...
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...The World of Finance FINA310 - 1302B – 05 Financial Management Ashley Chambers June 16, 2013 Jeffrey Hardin After conducting quite a bit of research on the NYSE Euronext and NASDAQ OMX exchange markets there are three important factors that will compare and contrast these two markets rather well. These factors are similarities, differences, and The Public Company Accounting and Investor Protection Act of 2002. Although operating off of the same concept, there are numerous differences that set these two exchanges completely apart from one another. When comparing the similarities of these two exchanges only two were made apparent. The two main similarities between NYSE Euronext and NASDAQ OMX is that they are both exchange companies and they operate off the same concept. That concept being they both sell stocks and bonds and create capital off of the assets already obtained. These are the two most relevant similarities shown for both exchange markets. However, there are far more differences which set these two exchanges apart from one another (What Is NASDAQ?, 2013); (Who Are We, 2013). What is different in the NYSE Euronext than in NASDAQ OMX are; in person stock trading, only exchange in the fortune 500, world’s largest exchange company, and represents a third of equities trading worldwide. Other differences for NYSE include; four markets based in the U.S. and Europe, NYSE Euronext is one of the world’s leading futures and options trading venues. They offer derivatives...
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...Amanda Mix American Intercontinental University November 17, 2013 IP 1 1. How are the NYSE and NASDAQ similar, if at all? In basic structure the NYSE and the NASDAQ are similar. They are both companies that can provide the service of trading stocks. Each company is open to the public and gains profits for their shareholders. NYSE and NASDAQ are both regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Within each company the trading of stocks is done by traffic controllers, and these two companies account for a huge share of trading in the United States. With the use of these stock exchange facilities it allows public companies to raise capital. 2. How are the two exchanges different from one another, if at all? Both the NYSE and NASDAQ have differences from one another. The first major difference happens to be in their mission statements of the companies. The NYSE mission statement is as follows, “The mission of the NYSE is to add value to the capital-raising and asset management process by providing the highest-quality and most cost-effective self-regulated marketplace for the trading of financial instruments , promote confidence in and understanding of that process and serve as a forum for discussion of relevant national and international policy issues”. However the mission statement from NASDAQ is, “as the world’s largest exchange company, NASDAQ is driven to delivering multi-asset, multi-service capability across every major continent. NASDAQ provides forward...
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...Abstract The NYSE and the NASDAQ the two leading stock exchanges on the globe, and the NYSE is the best one and the location of them both is New York City. The NYSE as well as the NASDAQ has their likenesses as well as their differences. This report also will give an explanation of The Public Company Accounting and Investor Protection Act of 2002. The NYSE and NASDAQ There are several similarities between the NYSE and the NASDAQ. Both of these exchanges are responsible for most of the trading related to impartialities inside the U.S. and European stock markets. Both of these stock exchanges concentrate on stock trading options, capital impartialities, fixed incomes, and exchanging traded goods as well. To maintain the flow of the market, both the NYSE and the NASAQ maintain the flow with traffic controllers. Yet another similarity is that both of them exhaust an electronic screen and they are both screen-based electronic stock exchange systems. The Stock Exchange Commission organizes both of these exchanges and participants in the exchanging of stock impartialities (Hamlett, 2013). Other than their names, these two stock markets have several differences. One particular difference is that when NASDAQ began, they used bulletin boards to display stock prices, which inhibited consumers from connecting, but presently, they conduct trading online only. NASDAQ usually deals with IT businesses. The person that sells the stock does business via...
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...American InterContinental University FINA-310-1301A-02: Professor Michael James February 12, 2013 The three forms of business organizations are sole proprietorship, partnership, and a corporation. A sole proprietorship is a business that is owned by only one person. This is the easiest and less complicated type of business due to the fact that not a lot of paperwork is required. The biggest advantage of this type of business is that the individual who owns the business makes all of the decisions, thus, skipping the middleman altogether. Also, the individual who own the business gets to keep all of the profit to him/herself (Brooks, 2010). With every business come disadvantages as well. The largest disadvantage of the sole proprietorship is the fact that the person who owns the business is responsible for all the bills that the business has, regardless if he/she has to sell his/her own properties to do so; there isn’t a boundary that separates business property from personal property. A second con of this type of business is that if the owner of the business were to die, the business basically dies too. In order for it to stay open, the owner would have had to sell the whole company to someone else. Last but not least, if the owner cannot gain some capital for the business, it can put a hardship on the growth of the business (Brooks, 2010). Next is the partnership. This type of business is owned by two or more people. These partners may be general partners...
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...initial contribution) Prohibited from active management role Real estate agents, doctors, lawyers, accountants In a corporation which group has ultimate responsibility for protecting and managing stockholders interests? The board of directors What are the disadvantages of a corporation Double taxation of dividends Subchapter S corporation can circumvent this (only up to 35 stockholders) Complex management requirements Costly reporting and structural requirements What is the issue for agency theory? Why is it important for public corporations but not private corporations? Agency theory looks at relationship owners and managers. Competing goals In private corporations managers and owners are usually the same people. Why are institutional investors so important now? They own a large percentage of stock They exercise voting rights and demand board seats Why is profit maximization by itself an inappropriate goal? The time value of money must be considered. The timing of profits can have a big effect on the benefit to the business. Profit is subject to many different measurements which can be manipulated. Changes in profit may represent changes in risk which may cause future problems for the business. Problems of inflation and currency movement also complicate things. What is meant by “Maximization of investor wealth”? Achieving the highest value for the business Stock prices Options for management....
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...GB550 Financial Management Unit 1 Final Project Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/gb550-financial-management-unit-1-final-project/ Unit 1 Final Project Overview: The Final Project is due at the end of Unit 5. Overview The purpose of the Final Project Research Paper is to examine capital-structure theory, issues, and debates, while showing how capital-structure choices affect a firm’s return on investment (ROI) and its risk profile. Directions Your Assignment is to select a publicly-held company and to analyze its capital structure, applying the theories and principles found in Chapter 15 of the text. The structure of your research paper should include: • A preview of capital structure issues • Business and financial risks related to capital structure • Modigliani and Miller’s [MM] capital-structure theory • Criticisms of the MM model and assumptions • Capital structure evidence and implications • Estimating the firm’s optimal capital structure A firm’s optimal capital-structure is that mix of debt and equity that maximizes the stock price. At any point in time, management has a specific target capital structure in mind, presumably the optimal one, though this target may change over time. For example, financial management may choose a 50% equity financing [stock] and 50% debt [bond] financing. Several factors influence a firms’ capital structure, including: • Business risk • Tax position • The need for financial flexibility • Managerial...
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...Class of: 2013 Course Title: Financial Risk Management (FRM) Semester: III Credits: 3 Course Objective & Learning Outcome: This course gives students a working knowledge of derivative instruments and their applications in managing various types of financial risks. While doing so, students would understand the organizational aspects of those risk functions and their roles & responsibilities. The emphasis is on mechanics, properties and valuation of forwards, futures, options and swap instruments. In covering these instruments, cases, examples and notes would be sought from markets so as to provide a holistic view of the financial market structure i.e., currency, fixed income, equity and money markets. Cases discussed in the class would be contemporary in nature drawn from international experience. Pre-requisites: Students are advised to be through with Financial Management I, Financial Management II and Quantitative Methods. Students are expected to go through all the reading prescribed before every class and make a meaningful contribution through active class participation. The course is delivered through a combination of case discussions, problem solving, real life risk reports and simulation. The course would have an analytical and numerical flavor and hence students are required to bring their calculators/laptops to every class. Text Book: 1. Hull, John C. & Basu, S., Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives, 7th Edison, Prentice-Hall...
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...The role of writing in financial field Abstract As far as we are known, writing plays an important role in our daily life and is essential to all people from all walks of lives. Writing can prompt the fast development of the individual progress as well as their professional capacity as well. I am willing to come true this aim in the way of writing, so I do my best to interview a person, her name is Doris. We have the opportunity to pick up some techniques and significant skills in the way of giving question-- how to write in an appropriate way in some degree. Now, Doris is working in financial field. There is no doubt that we can learn some key points of how to write something in this field from her useful and important experiences. This assignment which is an informational report aims to give a brief introduction about the different genres of writings, then provide some useful instructions to her expected audience, what’s more, making those audience known that writing can convey unexpected reflection of our daily life in reality. The importance of writing in financial I have acquire that writing could promote her to achieve a lot of things during the process of her career such as data analysis, strategy decision making, and more about the international business. Moreover, Doris has spent 3 more years working in this field. And everyday, she takes one and a half to write. Meanwhile, she will try her best to finish her tasks, no matter how difficult the tasks are, she...
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...CPA Program The Practical Experience Guide EVE CHENG CPA SENIOR ANALYST BHP BILLITON Contents Practical experience requirement How to identify if your role is relevant Where do you fit? What skills areas do you need to demonstrate? Your mentoring relationship How to record your experience in the logbook The skills guide Personal effectiveness skills Leadership skills Business skills Technical skills 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 MICHELLE ROACH CPA 2 Practical experience requirement Did you know? Our studies show that members consistently perform better in their segments when they are enrolled in the practical experience requirement The practical experience requirement of the CPA Program gives you the opportunity to use the knowledge and skills gained in your education and apply them in your workplace. Combining your education with mentored practical experience will give you the opportunity to develop and demonstrate highly sought after technical and soft-skills that will benefit your entire career. Starting your practical experience requirement means that you are one step closer to your goal of becoming a CPA. CPA Australia recommends that you start the practical experience requirement and the professional level segments at the same time, if you are employed in a relevant role. What are the requirements? • complete a minimum of three years of relevant full-time or equivalent part-time work experience • demonstrate competence in 16 personal effectiveness...
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...Behavioural Finance Financial Risk Management Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Risk Management Paper ........................................................................................................ 2 1.1 Introduction and interpretation .................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Implementation ............................................................................................................................ 4 1.2.1 Aspects to consider ....................................................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 Implementation Process ............................................................................................................... 8 2 Appendix I – References ....................................................................................................... 10 Date: 24 of May 2012 th i Risk Management Paper 1 1.1 Risk Management Paper Introduction and interpretation If at the beginning of 2011, a highly respected person advised me that I was going to live through three major earthquakes within a year I would have struggled to believe them and justify arguing with the historical and scientific data, which clearly states the converse...
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...CPA Program The practical experience guide and logbook If you require further information about the practical experience requirement, or would like to notify us of a change, please contact CPA Australia: practicalexperience@cpaaustralia.com.au or contact your local office – details can be found on the inside back page of this guide. Disclaimer The material used in this booklet has been designed and prepared for CPA Australia’s practical experience requirement. It provides tailored guidance for mentors who are registered in CPA Australia’s practical experience requirement. The booklet and contents should not be used for any other purpose. CPA Australia, the publisher and the author of this booklet take no responsibility for any loss incurred by any person who relies on guidance offered in this booklet. Legal notice Copyright CPA Australia Ltd (ABN 64 008 392 452) (“CPA Australia”), 2010. All rights reserved. Save and except for third party content, all content in these materials is owned by or licensed to CPA Australia. All trade marks, service marks and trade names are proprietory to CPA Australia. For permission to reproduce any material, a request in writing is to be made to the Legal Business Unit, CPA Australia Ltd, 385 Bourke Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000. CPA Australia has used reasonable care and skill in compiling the content of this material. However, CPA Australia and the editors make no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information in these...
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...analytical and educational background Management experience Diverse work and life experience Experience 02/2010 – present Raiffeisen Bank International AG, Austria Credit management corporate, Director Counterparty credit risk and underwriting management in European emerging markets with special focus on Russia and Ukraine. 12/2008 – 01/2010 Structuring complex corporate credit transactions such as LBOs and investment loans. Developing an advanced internal tool for calculating Risk weighted assets under both standardised and IRB approaches. Developing and implementing industry concept in credit risk management. Reporting large and complex transactions to the bank’s Credit committee and Management board. Exercising my own approval competences for approval of credit transactions. Mentoring junior professionals and trainees in the department. Raiffeisenbank AD, Bulgaria Corporate credit risk, Head of department Managed a credit risk department of 10 risk professionals responsible for the largest corporate credit risk exposures. Was a voting member of the bank’s credit committee with own approval authorities. Steering the credit committee meetings. Participated in risk related projects originated in head office improvement, Data Quality management, Regular risk reporting). Met National Supervisory in terms of IRB application status of the bank. (Rating model 06/2008 – 11/2008 EFG Eurobank AD, Bulgaria Credit risk management, Head of department Managed...
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...Study: Coca-Cola HBC Treasury Takes Control of Commodity Risk Management Dimitris Papathanasiou, Coca-Cola HBC - 11 Sep 2013 Coca-ColaHellenic Bottling Company standardised its approach to risk management by transferring commodity risk management into treasury, so this central and vital business process could be managed by experts on an integrated basis with other financial risks and overseen by the financial risk management committee. This case study explains how organisational changes, combined with the introduction of risk management technology, enabled the organisation to plan and execute a consistent, cost-effective hedging strategy, with reduced counterparty risk exposure levels, improved transparency and stronger levels of control. Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company (Coca-Cola HBC) is the world’s second largest bottler of the Coca-Cola Company’s products and the largest in Europe. Net sales revenue for fiscal 2012 was €6.8bn. Coca-Cola HBC is headquartered in Zug, Switzerland, and has a premium listing on the London Stock Exchange and a secondary listing on the Athens Exchange. It serves approximately 581m people in 28 countries. The company decided to concentrate its commodity market risk management within the treasury department, in response to high levels of profit and loss (P/L) volatility and the relatively high credit risk with its suppliers. The ensuing project involved change management for transfer of the company’s commodity risk hedging to treasury...
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...A risky business Dodie: We are all here now. As you know that Zelal Sulen is our new boss now. After she took up the official post, she found that Hi-Style is out of touch with its target consumers and is losing direction. As the member of manager consultants, for this point, today we need to think out at least two options to advise her to improve the situation. Am I understood? And think a while... Okay, let's make a start. Who want to speak first? Lily: Well, in my opinion, Hi-Style could allocate £10m to new investment in the business. For example, it could improve distribution and sales through an exclusive agreement with a major retailer, which could provide a steady marketing channel. Second, to launch new product ranges with major advertising campaigns. Thus, new products will be known to customers. Hi-Style could definitely reach wide publicity. Thirdly, to employ brand development consultants so as to improve its image. Brand development consultants are more professional so that better brand image will be built, leading to its properous future. Fourthly, to hire a top retailing executive to run the business. Therefore, the business will be more smooth and sales will be increased. The last one is to commission City Associates to do a thorough review of all Hi-Style's activities, from which Hi-Style could catch a better understanding of the whole business to control its operation. Dodie: Good.Thanks. Lily. And what's your opinion, Serena? Serena: Well, I prefer the...
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