...is used by scientists to describe the variety of processes used in making duplicates of biological materials. This paper will discuss the embryonic cells and pronucleus taking into accounts their application to human cloning. Caenorhadditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster will also be discussed together with application of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Embryonic stem cell has been applied in human cloning through human cloning for biomedical research whereby cloned cells are produced and used in individual patients suffering from diseases like Parkinson’s disease and type 1 diabetes (Fairbanks, 2004). This discovery has been used to develop embryos thus making important steps for medicine. Cloned embryos have been used widely as sources of stem cells, which have been developed to make new heart muscles, bone, brain tissues and other type of cells in the body. The stem cells have provided a breakthrough in medicine by creating new tissues that might be able to heal the damage caused by heart attack or repair severed spinal cord (Fairbanks, 2004). There are trials of utilizing stem cells from donated embryos to try and restore people’s eye sights. The donated cells are cloned to match the patient so that they would not be rejected by the body. With this kind of research various ethical and moral considerations have emerged, one of them being that this research involves deliberate production, use and destruction of cloned human embryo that could be used in attempts to produce...
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...the question paper. Paper Reference 6BI05/01 Turn over N37096A ©2010 Edexcel Limited. 1/1/1/1/1/ *N37096A* Scientific Article for use with Question 7 It’s All in the Mind The link between the brain as a physical organ and what we feel in our conscious mind has long been the subject of research, particularly where we appear to be unable to control aspects of mood or behaviour and where normal life is affected. Stress, pain and depression can be explained in terms of nerve impulses and brain chemistry, and the causes of Parkinson’s disease are well understood, but finding reliable ways of correcting problems has proved elusive. Understanding more about how the brain works may well lead to new methods for treating such problems. Dancing Worms and Deep Depression In a laboratory in Germany, a tiny worm dances to flashes of light. A flash of yellow and it darts forward. A flash of blue and it jerks back. Yellow, forward, blue, back – right on cue every time. The worm is not a toy or a robot but a living creature. It has been engineered so that its nerves and muscles can be controlled with light. With each flash of blue its neurons fire electric pulses, causing the muscles they control to clench. A flash of yellow stops the nerves firing, relaxing the worm’s muscles and lengthening its body once again. The worm is in the vanguard of a revolution in brain science – the most spectacular application yet of a technology that allows scientists to turn individual brain cells on and...
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...question paper. Paper Reference 6BI05/01 Turn over N37096A ©2010 Edexcel Limited. 1/1/1/1/1/ *N37096A* Scientific Article for use with Question 7 It’s All in the Mind The link between the brain as a physical organ and what we feel in our conscious mind has long been the subject of research, particularly where we appear to be unable to control aspects of mood or behaviour and where normal life is affected. Stress, pain and depression can be explained in terms of nerve impulses and brain chemistry, and the causes of Parkinson’s disease are well understood, but finding reliable ways of correcting problems has proved elusive. Understanding more about how the brain works may well lead to new methods for treating such problems. Dancing Worms and Deep Depression In a laboratory in Germany, a tiny worm dances to flashes of light. A flash of yellow and it darts forward. A flash of blue and it jerks back. Yellow, forward, blue, back – right on cue every time. The worm is not a toy or a robot but a living creature. It has been engineered so that its nerves and muscles can be controlled with light. With each flash of blue its neurons fire electric pulses, causing the muscles they control to clench. A flash of yellow stops the nerves firing, relaxing the worm’s muscles and lengthening its body once again. The worm is in the vanguard of a revolution in brain science – the most spectacular application yet of a technology that allows scientists to turn individual brain cells on...
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...I’m going to do something to change the whole system and everyone will know my name” and remember it”. Andreas Lubitz was being seeing by a neuropsychologist for depression and this doctor gave bit a to note excusing him from work today of the crash. However Lubitz ignored the advice and tore up the note and threw it in the garbage. This evidence was found after his home was searched. Lubitz according to the Wall Street Journal, Lubitz eye difficulties were serious after ground him and investigators told the paper that an eye specialist had examined him. I think that this tragedy has a great impact on depression drugs used by Lubitz. The chemical imbalance in the brain, which really cannot prove that there is no blood test for mentally illness even the phrase mental illness itself, is a challenge. These drugs makers who produce these mental pills and especially the “Prozac” which was taken by Andreas Lubitz had an important impact in shaping his personality. Based on research that I have done online lately regarding this matter of “what makes someone give up his life and taking others’ lives without a moral thinking”. There is no such evidence or test that can be done to prove that a mentally ill person is feeling well after taking psychiatric medications. How should the airline handle this particular issue? The only way in my opinion is to get involve in the life of each crewmember, knowing what problems they have been through, what meals...
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...The saying that most sophomores and freshman will hear from faculty and other students alike is that junior year is the worst year of high school. With having to give around eight speeches for English class to studying the great nation history through the 241 years of its existence. This can be a great deal for some to handle while others just fly right through it. Being four weeks into the school year, each teacher has set up specific guidelines that seem to be pretty self-explanatory. However, teachers and faculty alike have even stated that the classes are not easy and should not be taken for the faint of heart. In the math department, Algebra II seems to be what most of the students that do not take the advanced...
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...Social Psychology Definition Paper Douglas Cooper PSY/400 April 4, 2016 Ami Taharka Social Psychology Definition Paper How do people think about, influence, and relate to each other? These are just some of the questions that social psychologists are looking to answer. This paper will further define social psychology’s goals to elicit a richer understanding of the field. It will discuss how social psychology differs from other disciplines, such as clinical psychology, general psychology, and sociology and why those differences are important. Finally, it will examine research methods and strategies that social psychologist utilize to answer questions. Social Psychology Defined According to our text, social psychology “is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another” (Myers, 2010, pg. 4). It is a relatively young science, that some may confuse with sociology. Whereas sociology focuses on group dynamics, social psychology focuses more on how individuals interact with each other. At the heart of social psychology are three different constructs. These are: social thinking (what we perceive about ourselves and other, what we believe, the judgements we make, and our attitudes), social influence (culture, conformity pressures, persuasion), and social relations (prejudice, aggression, attraction and intimacy, and helping). There are several concepts that contribute to these constructs. Some of these include the following. First is that...
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...Although people say that medicine for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) doesn’t work, studies show that the medication such as Adderall, Adderall XR, Ritalin, and Concerta help stimulate the brain. These medications shoe increases in patience as well as focusing on everyday tasks. Even though these stimulants work, there is also an argument that there are other ways to help with the disorder besides medication. Patients should still stick with the medication because it does show major progress, changes in behavior, and helps in the work and school place. Furthermore, ADHD had been researched for over 35 years. From that research, scientists have concluded that ADHD is acquired due to a chemical and structural mishap of the brain...
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...Paul Youman Professor Galvez PHI 130 25 February 2015 The consequences of Human Embryonic Stem cell Research To say there are a few topics or ideas out there which cause both scientific and moral arguments is an understatement. Arguably, one of the most divisive scientific advances of the twentieth century and likely an advance with the most potential to improve the wellbeing of mankind; is met with an equal amount of derision and moral objection. The human embryo is nothing more than a mass of stem cells, or cells without specific function, yet. The embryo isn’t likely to have feelings or sense of awareness, but it is how every human starts life and if given roughly 14 days in the womb, would develop the beginnings of a heart, brain and...
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...Breastfeeding – no introduction necessary The focus of this review paper is on presenting and substantiating common knowledge and beliefs with scientific research and facts to demonstrate the advantages of breast milk feeding in early stages of human life and in years that follow. Discussion of non-scientific, i.e. social, economic, etc., aspects of breastfeeding will be limited, with primary focus given to human health outcomes for infants and mothers. The structure of this paper is decisively unconventional: where the author has chosen to discuss the body of common knowledge about breastfeeding before delving into the scientific research review. The intention is to draw the readers’ attention to the vast body of proven and observed advantages of breastfeeding for infant and mothers. Breastfeeding advantages – more than just food Breastfeeding is a natural process. Throughout human history breastfeeding was, and in many places around the world still is, a means to a healthy start to a human life. With the development of baby formula, and its availability, and relatively low cost, breastfeeding is now commonly thought to be a choice in the developed world. No longer a means to survival, no longer a requirement. To some, the advent of the baby formula is a direct form of feminine liberation. To others, baby formula is a necessity for medical or circumstantial reasons that are not driven by the freedom of choice. Those that choose the formula under pretenses other than necessity...
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...Oxycontin research paper Oxycontin is a slow release pain medication that is often mixed with aspirin and/or other pain killers with the main ingredient called oxycodone. When used correctly the prescription drug is used to treat severe pain symptoms usually by the form of a pill. Between 2009 and 2010, a series of pop up pain clinics have been introduced to broward county florida attracting attention from people all over the country. Due to Florida being the only state to lack a prescription pill monitoring plan, those pain clinics easily became fronts for a legalized drug operation. They prescribed anyone who came through the doors oxycontin, xanax bars, percocets and any other opiates they want for cash money. The potential for profit...
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...America’s Cash Crop “Why is marijuana against the law? It grows naturally upon our planet. Doesn’t the idea of making nature against the law seem to you a bit . . . unnatural?” ― Bill Hicks The legalization of marijuana is a debate being held all over the country. Everyone has their own opinion on the whole idea of marijuana. There are legislators who think that if marijuana is legalized that it will be grown illegally, and medically abused. There are potheads who think it would be cool and that they would get cheaper weed. But what it comes down to are the numbers. Marijuana is a cash crop. How can Wisconsin say no to numbers like fourteen billion, and thirty five billion dollars? Can legalizing marijuana rescue Wisconsin’s economy? Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, DC, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington. In seventeen states, and DC it is legal to have at least an ounce of marijuana. In fourteen of them it is legal to even have plants (ProCon). Should Wisconsin be state number eighteen? NBC News produced an article Marijuana Called US Cash Crop and within that article they state “The study estimates that marijuana production, at a value of $35.8 billion, exceeds the combined value of corn ($23.3 billion) and wheat ($7.5 billion).” Wisconsin is in forty six billion dollars of debt and increasing every second (WisconsinDebtClock). If marijuana can bring in millions...
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...Following an email conversation with Dr. Madhava Krishna (Head, Robotics Research Centre, IIIT-H), I spent ten weeks as an intern at the RRC, designing navigation architectures for an unconventional breed of robots that use FPGAs for brains. My second brush with research came in the form of HER2 Scoring Contest (University of Warwick, UK). After spending the summer automating an integral step in breast cancer diagnosis, my team and I went on to win that competition and (co-)author two journal papers, submitted to Cytometry Part A and IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. After an eventful summer, I opted for a thesis project in core robotics. With Dr. Guha and Dr. Krishnaswamy’s help, I am stretching my “research muscles” by attempting to train a hyper-redundant robot to navigate environments using reinforcement learning...
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...Video (from the Internet) Web page / document on the Internet Books and book chapters Single author Two authors Three to six authors More than six authors No author (inc dictionaries/encyclopaedias) Edited book Chapter, article or section in a book Chapter or article in an edited book E-book Journal articles, newspaper articles and conference papers Journal article (print version) Journal article (full-text from electronic database) Non-English journal article translated into English Newspaper article (available in print) Newspaper article (from electronic database) Article (from the Internet, not available in print version) Proceedings of meetings and symposiums, conference papers Systematic reviews University of Western Sydney Library APA Referencing Style Guide Referencing Referencing acknowledges the sources that you use to write your essay or assignment paper. In-text citations are used throughout your writing to acknowledge the sources of your information. The full references for the citations are then listed at the end of your assignment paper in the References list. It is important to first consult your unit outline, lecturer or tutor for the preferred citation style for...
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...4 : RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 42 REFRENCES 43 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION Errors are the result of actions that fail to generate the intended outcomes. In common with most other complex technical activities, human error is implicated in the majority of aviation-maintenance-related quality lapses, incidents, and accidents. General estimates of this human error contribution have increased over the years, from a low of around 20% in the 1960s to values in excess of 80% in the 1990s. Human error in aviation is somewhat of a sensitive topic due to the recent tragic events of September 11, 2001. The goal of this research is to understand human error in aviation, in order to understand how designing better computer systems can assist in making the aviation industry safer for pilots and passengers, by reducing human error. This paper does not attempt to address accidents caused by cowardly acts of terrorism. Many people do not know that on February 20, 1981 a modern Argentine jet airliner, with 58 people on board, almost crashed into the upper floors of the 110-story World Trade Center in New York (Grayson, 1988). The Argentine jet was put on a holding pattern in the New York area. The...
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...CASE STUDIES ON ATTACHMENT By Dr. Mark Beischel CONTENTS Introduction Case 1 Secure vs. Insecure Attachment: the Story of the Boy and the Crow Case 2 Signs and Symptoms of the Insecurely Attached: the birth of a Giraffe Case 3 Continuous Lies: the Peanut Butter Boy Case 4 Curiosity and the Setting of Fires: Burn, Baby, Burn Case 5 Avoidant Attachment: Run for Your Life Case 6 Attachment and Security: a Death Row Tale Case 7 Brain Development and A ffect Regulation: Classroom Back Stabbing Case 8 Parenting at Night: “2 x 10” Tale Case 9 Disorganized Attachment: Confusion in the Kitchen Case 10 Eating Problems: the First Supper Case 11 Regulating Stimulation: Disneyland, Here We Come Case 12 Executive Function Deficits: the Paper Clip and Fire Tale Case 13 Inhibitory Control of Responses: Jelly, Jelly, All Over the Wall Case 14 It is All about Survival: Gang Pressure and destruction Case 15 Working Memory Deficits: the TV Thief Case 16 Ado lescent Brain Development: the Cell Phone Caper Case 17 Adolescent Identity and Escape Behavior: a Fantasy from the Wild, Wild West Case 18 Resilience and Temperament: No Free Drugs Case 19 Reasoning and Affect Regulation: the Orphan Card Case 20 Families Evolve Slowly: How Many Babies? Case 21 Changing the Meaning of a Stimulus: the “Dorky” shoes boy Case 22 Displacing the Rage: Slipping into Psychosis Case 23 Distract Yourself with Other Things: Playing with Mud Case 24 Paranoid Belief Systems: the Tree...
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