...financial analysis of Caterpiller Inc. (CAT). The use of various analytical tools, the assignment covered major fundamental parameters relating the company and its stock. The analysis consisted of stock reporting analysis, ratio analysis, duo point analysis, weekly return analysis and the analysis of cost of equity. The stock reporting analysis part of the project analyzed the stock selected with respect to the market Index. For the purpose of analysis the prices of both stock and index were downloaded for the period beginning 15-Jan-2009 till 15-Nov-2011. Ratio analysis had been used as the primary tool for evaluating the performance of the company. The ratio analysis helps in analyzing the probable casual relationships among different items after analyzing the past results. These ratios are derived after analyzing the past results and helps management to prepare budgets, to formulate policy and to prepare future plan. Ratio analysis also helps in making inter firm comparison and also comparisons between different divisions of the company. The required rate of return of CAT is calculated with the help of CAPM model. The model explains the relationship between the systematic risk associated with a stock and its expected return. In this model a stock’s expected return is the risk free rate of return (generally return on Govt. Treasury bonds is taken as risk free rate of return) plus a risk premium based on the stock’s systematic risk. Analysis Stock Reporting Analysis The...
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...THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Another important aspect of analyzing a case study and writing a case study analysis is the role and use of financial information. A careful analysis of the company's financial condition immensely improves a case write-up. After all, financial data represent the concrete results of the company's strategy and structure. Although analyzing financial statements can be quite complex, a general idea of a company's financial position can be determined through the use of ratio analysis. Financial performance ratios can be calculated from the balance sheet and income statement. These ratios can be classified into five different subgroups: profit ratios, liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, and shareholder-return ratios. These ratios should be compared with the industry average or the company's prior years of performance. It should be noted, however, that deviation from the average is not necessarily bad; it simply warrants further investigation. For example, young companies will have purchased assets at a different price and will likely have a different capital structure than older companies. In addition to ratio analysis, a company's cash flow position is of critical importance and should be assessed. Cash flow shows how much actual cash a company possesses. Profit Ratios Profit ratios measure the efficiency with which the company uses its resources. The more efficient the company, the greater is its profitability. It is useful to compare...
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...THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Another important aspect of analyzing a case study and writing a case study analysis is the role and use of financial information. A careful analysis of the company's financial condition immensely improves a case write-up. After all, financial data represent the concrete results of the company's strategy and structure. Although analyzing financial statements can be quite complex, a general idea of a company's financial position can be determined through the use of ratio analysis. Financial performance ratios can be calculated from the balance sheet and income statement. These ratios can be classified into five different subgroups: profit ratios, liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, and shareholder-return ratios. These ratios should be compared with the industry average or the company's prior years of performance. It should be noted, however, that deviation from the average is not necessarily bad; it simply warrants further investigation. For example, young companies will have purchased assets at a different price and will likely have a different capital structure than older companies. In addition to ratio analysis, a company's cash flow position is of critical importance and should be assessed. Cash flow shows how much actual cash a company possesses. Profit Ratios Profit ratios measure the efficiency with which the company uses its resources. The more efficient the company, the greater is its profitability. It is useful to compare...
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...Report Review Follow Below Link to Download Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/acc-410-assignment-1-financial-statement-audit-report-review/ For More Information Visit Our Website ( https://homeworklance.com/ ) Email us At: Support@homeworklance.com or lancehomework@gmail.com Assignment 1: Financial Statement / Audit Report Review Due Week 4 and worth 240 points Select one (1) local government in your state or area and review the financial statements and audit report for the county or municipality. The financial statements of the government you selected should have at least three (3) funds. Refer to the continuing problem homework for Weeks 1 through 3 for this assignment. Write a three to five (3-5) page paper in which you: 1.Compare and contrast the comprehensive annual financial report (CAFR) of the selected local government entity with the city of Austin report from Week 1 homework. In your comparison, include: a.Publication method of the CAFR b.Audit and budget information in the CAFR c.The type of audit report issued d.Existence or non-existence of an internal audit function within the government entity 2.Prepare the analysis for the selected local government entity, including information on the introduction, financial section, and statistical section prepared in the city of Austin’s CAFR from chapter 2. 3.Analyze the methods used by the selected local government entity in comparing the budget-to-actual reports. Your analysis should include...
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...Corporate Strategy Case Study Analysis WHAT IS CASE STUDY ANALYSIS? A case study presents an account of what happened to a business or industry over a number of years. It chronicles the events that managers had to deal with, such as changes in the competitive environment, and charts the managers' response, which usually involved changing the business- or corporate-level strategy. Cases prove valuable in a course for several reasons. First, cases provide you, the student, with experience of organizational problems that you probably have not had the opportunity to experience firsthand. In a relatively short period of time, you will have the chance to appreciate and analyze the problems faced by many different companies and to understand how managers tried to deal with them. Second, cases illustrate what you have learned. The meaning and implication of this information are made clearer when they are applied to case studies. The theory and concepts help reveal what is going on in the companies studied and allow you to evaluate the solutions that specify companies adopted to deal with their problems. Consequently, when you analyze cases, you will be like a detective who, with a set of conceptual tools, probes what happened and what or who was responsible and then marshals the evidence that provides the solution. Top managers enjoy the thrill of testing their problem-solving abilities in the real world. It is important to remember, after all, that no one knows what the right...
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...Chapter 11: Cost Behavior and Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Chapter Contents Book Title: Survey of Accounting Printed By: Jean Mette (jeanlucmette@gmail.com) © 2015, 2013 Cengage Learning, Cengage Learning Chapter 11 Cot ehavior and Cot-Volume-Profit Anali Chapter Introduction 11-1 Cost Behavior 11-1a Variable Costs 11-1b Fixed Costs 11-1c Mixed Costs 11-1d Summary of Cost Behavior Concepts 11-2 Cost-Volume-Profit Relationships 11-2a Contribution Margin 11-2b Contribution Margin Ratio 11-2c Unit Contribution Margin 11-3 Mathematical Approach to Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 11-3a Break-Even Point 11-3b Target Profit 11-4 Graphic Approach to Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 11-4a Cost-Volume-Profit (Break-Even) Chart 11-4b Profit-Volume Chart 11-4c Use of Computers in Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 11-4d Assumptions of Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis 11-5 Special Cost-Volume-Profit Relationships 11-5a Sales Mix Considerations 11-5b Operating Leverage 11-5c Margin of Safety 11-6 Chapter Review 11-6a Key Points 11-6b Key Terms 11-6c Illustrative Problem 11-6d Self-Examination Questions 11-6e Class Discussion Questions 11-6f Exercises 11-6g Problems 11-6h Cases Chapter 11: Cost Behavior and Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Chapter Introduction Book Title: Survey of Accounting Printed By: Jean Mette (jeanlucmette@gmail.com) © 2015, 2013 Cengage Learning, Cengage Learning Chapter Introduction Learning Ojective After studying this chapter, you should...
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...Source: Small Business Management What is ratio analysis? The Balance Sheet and the Statement of Income are essential, but they are only the starting point for successful financial management. Apply Ratio Analysis to Financial Statements to analyze the success, failure, and progress of your business. Ratio Analysis enables the business owner/manager to spot trends in a business and to compare its performance and condition with the average performance of similar businesses in the same industry. To do this compare your ratios with the average of businesses similar to yours and compare your own ratios for several successive years, watching especially for any unfavorable trends that may be starting. Ratio analysis may provide the all-important early warning indications that allow you to solve your business problems before your business is destroyed by them. Balance Sheet Ratio Analysis Formula Important Balance Sheet Ratios measure liquidity and solvency (a business's ability to pay its bills as they come due) and leverage (the extent to which the business is dependent on creditors' funding). They include the following ratios: Liquidity Ratios These ratios indicate the ease of turning assets into cash. They include the Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Working Capital. Current Ratios. The Current Ratio is one of the best known measures of financial strength. It is figured as shown below: Total Current Assets Current Ratio = ____________________ ...
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...Index Cost Classification…………………………………………………………………2 Cost Volume Profit analysis……………………………………………………….2 Contribution Margin……………………………………………………………….2 Gross Margin and Contribution Margin…………………………………………...3 CVP Relationship in Graphic Form……………………………………………….3 CM Ratio. …………………………………………………………………………3 Application of CVP Concepts……………………………………………………..4 Importance of CM…………………………………………………………………4 Break-even Analysis………………………………………………………………4 Target Profit Analysis…………………………………………………………….5 The Margin of Safety……………………………………………………………..6 Degree of Operating Leverage…………………………………………………....6 Major Assumptions of CVP Analysis…………………………………………….7 Difference between Variable Costing and Absorption Costing………………………………………………………………7 Cost-Volume-Profit Relationship A. Cost Classification: 1. Variable Costs--variable costs are those costs that vary proportionately with changes in the level of activity (such as direct materials, direct labor, salesmen’s commissions, etc.) a) Relevant Range--even though variable cost per unit may vary throughout the entire range of possible activity, the variable cost per unit is assumed to remain constant over the range of activity over which the business expects to operate. 2. Fixed Costs--fixed costs are those costs that do not change with changes in the level of activity (such as depreciation, property taxes, executive salaries, etc.) a) Relevant Range-even though fixed costs...
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...our future assignments as management Professional.ACI Formulation ltd will be more effective in our economy by adopting modern economic technology by extending their activities in human & social welfare.By this report,we are learning much about the Financial ratio analysis of ACI Formulation ltd and we got wonderful experience during our working period to make this report. Lastly, we thank our group members who always inspired us during the working period. 1.2 Significance of the study: The prime reason of this study is to become familiar with the realistic business world and to attain practical knowledge about the banking and corporate world. We all know that there is no alternative of practical knowledge, which is more beneficial than theoretical aspects. 1.3 Scope of the study: The report covers the topic titled “The Financial Performance/Ration Evaluation of ACI Formulation Ltd”. Therefore, the focus of this report is to analyze the financial performance of ACI formulation Ltd. In order to conduct study on this topic, the following topics fall within the scope of the study. * An overview of ACI Formulation Ltd. * Performance analysis of ACI formulation Ltd through trend analysis of financial ratios of ACIF Ltd....
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...From Our Search Bar (http://hwguiders.com/ ) Problem P2-12 Debt analysis Springfield Bank is evaluating Creek Enterprises, which has requested a $4,000,000 loan, to assess the firm’s financial leverage and financial risk. On the basis of the debt ratios for Creek, along with the industry averages and Creek’s recent financial statements (on the facing page), evaluate and recommend appropriate action on the loan request. Ratio Definition Calculation Creek Industry Debt 0.73 0.51 Times Interest Earned 3.00 7.30 Fixed Payment Coverage + {[(Principal + Preferred Stock Dividends)] ´ [1¸ (1 – t)]} + {[($800,000 + $100,000)] ´ [1¸ (1 – 0.4)]} 1.19 1.85 Because Creek Enterprises has a much higher degree of indebtedness and much lower ability to service debt than the average firm in the industry, the loan should be rejected Problem P2-13 Common-size statement analysis a common-size income statement for Creek Enterprises’ 2005 operations follows. Using the firm’s 2006 income statement presented in Problem 2–12, develop the 2006 common-size income statement and compare it to the 2005 statement. Which areas require further analysis and investigation? Creek Enterprises Common-Size Income Statement For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 2006 2005 Sales Revenue 100.0% 100.0% Less: Cost of goods sold Gross profits FIN 320 Week 2 Individual Assignment Assignments from the Readings...
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...Performance Analysis of Standard Bank Limited (FYs 2012 & 2013) 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background of the report This Paper is prepared as the partial fulfillment of the course ‘Bank Management (FIN 303)’. The Paper is assigned by the course instructor, Alamgir Hossen, lecturer, IBA-JU. The main objective of this group report is to allow students to relate their textbook knowledge with the practical work field practices and provide students superiority over Financial Statement Analysis. This report on performance comparison was prepared through a comprehensive ratio analysis of the financial statements of Standard Bank Limited (SBL). The historical trends of these ratios were used to make inferences about a SBL’s financial condition, its operations and its investments attractiveness. 1.2 Objective of the Study To compare financial performance of Standard Bank Limited in FYs 2012 & 2013 as well as to compare overall performance of these two years with industry average. The basis of the study objectives are classified into two parts, Board objectives and Specific objectives. Broad Objectives * The board objective of this paper is comparative analysis of financial statements of FYs 2012 & 2013. Specific Objectives * To analyze Balance Sheets of FYs 2012 & 2013 * To analyze Income Statements of FYs 2012 & 2013 * To determine profitability ratios * To determine valuation ratios * To compare findings with industry...
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...PROJECT 2 FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS: 2 Purposes and considerations of ratio analysis 2 PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN 3 FEROZSONS LABORATORIES LIMITED 4 LIQUIDITY ANALYSIS RATIOS 4 Current Ratio: 4 Quick Ratio 5 Working Capital: 6 Absolute Liquid Ratio: 8 SOLVENCY RATIOS (Capital Structure Analysis Ratios) 9 Debt Ratio 9 Debt to Equity Ratio 9 Interest Coverage Ratio 10 Equity Ratio 12 Assets to Equity Ratios 13 PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS RATIOS: 14 GENERAL PROFITABILITY: 14 Gross profit ratio/ margin: 15 Operating Expense Ratio: 16 Operating Profit Margin: 17 Net Profit Ratio: 18 OVERALL PROFITABILITY: 19 Earnings per Share (EPS): 19 Return on Equity (ROE): 20 Return on Assets (ROA): 21 Return on Capital Employed: 22 ACTIVITY ANALYSIS RATIOS 23 Operating Cycle 27 Assets Turnover Ratio 30 Working Capital Turnover Ratio 31 CAPITAL MARKET ANALYSIS RATIOS 32 Price earnings ratio(PE): 32 Dividend Yield Ratio 34 Market to Book Ratio 35 Dividend Payout Ratio 36 STATIC ANALYSIS: 37 REFERENCES: 44 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT The project covers the trend analysis of Ferozsons, a pharmaceutical company in Pakistan, and the static analysis of the same with its major rival, Glaxo Smith Kline Pakistan Limited FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS: The financial statements are essential but they are only the starting point for successful financial management. Financial Ratio Analysis is applied to Financial Statements...
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...Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis The Cost Volume Profit Analysis of a company displays how the changes in cost and volume affect a company’s profit. This analysis helps accounting managers to determine the point where revenue breaks even with total cost. Cost volume profit analysis let a manager explore the relationship between variable costs, fixed costs, the volume of units produced and profitability, due to which CVP analysis a vital tool in many business decisions. These decisions include: 1. What products and services to offer 2. What pricing policy to follow 3. What marketing strategy to employ 4. What basic cost structure to use Five elements of CVP Analysis: 1. Prices of products 2. Volume or level of activity 3. Per unit variable costs 4. Total fixed costs 5. Mix of products sold Assumptions Made with Cost Profit Analysis: Accounting professionals in a business must make several assumptions concerning the components of cost volume profit analysis. a. The first assumption is that the rise in cost and revenue only results from an increase in the number of units produced and not an increase in the selling price. b. Another assumption made by a company is that costs are divided into two components: variable cost and fixed cost. c. Managers also assume that costs and revenue are analyzed without taking into consideration the time value of money. Contribution Margin An element...
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...AG; Financial Performance Analysis This paper is prepared by: Asif Ahmed BBA 13th Batch Department of Accounting & Information Systems Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka, Bangladesh E-mail; asif.ahmed0001@yahoo.com Cell Phone; +8801922939126 BMW AG; Financial Performance Analysis (Asif Ahmed) 1 of 24 Executive Summary: The world is just recovering from a big recessio n. Various big corporations became bankrupt because of this. Many of the automaker giant posted loss during the last 2 or three years, like – Toyota and the biggest corporation of the world General Electric (GE) became bankrupt. More or less all the big corporations are affected by it. BMW, one of the automaker giant, could retain its’ profitability over last three years when the global recession take place. It also affected by the recession but cannot lose the profitability. This interesting thing inspires me to conduct research on the financial performance of BMW AG. In the beginning of my paper I give an overview on the BMW. Later I analyze the net profit, sales revenue, costs and assets base of the corporation for the last 10 years. Then I go for ratio analysis to judge the financial health of the organization. In ratio analysis I use Return of Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Basic Earning Power (BEP), Liquidity ratio, Profitability Ratio, Divided Payout (DP) Ratio and Du Pont Chart to conduct my analysis. The findings on the analysis are discussed along with...
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...1.1 ORIGIN OF THE TERM PAPER This term paper has been made as a part of our course Security Analysis and Portfolio Management (Course code # 4242), Mrs. Jafrin Sultana has assigned us this term paper in order to gain some practical knowledge about how to conclude on investment decision and analysis on the basis of various valuation approaches. The perspective of such a term paper is to make us familiar with the key factors of security market that affect the users in decision making. For this purpose we have used the annual reports of Bangladesh lamps ltd, and try to analyze and understand the overall capital market components according to our best effort. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF TERM PAPER This term paper is based on “financial analysis & stock valuation of Bangladesh lamps ltd”. The objective of this term paper is to provide present situation of the Bangladesh lamps ltd, corporate structure, industry performance, stock valuation, SWOT analysis, ratio and risk analysis and financial statement analysis of the company. More precisely we can identify the objective of this report as follows: * To provide the overall industry performance within our selected industry * To acquire experience of a real organization to supplement theoretical knowledge. * To know about how the academic issues taught in our educational institutions come to practical ground in an organization. * To get familiar with the organizational structure and financial aspect of our selected...
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