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Food Truck Research

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The rise in popularity of specialty or gourmet food trucks (where at least some preparation is done in the vehicle) has led to code revisions in communities eager to acknowledge this business model but cautious about food safety, traffic, and neighborhood compatibility. So far, the debate and the regulatory activity have been most active in large urban centers and in smaller cities in large metropolitan areas in California and Texas. Because most vending regulations focus more on licensing procedures and operations and not land use or design, relatively few places choose to put these standards in their zoning ordinances. It is more common to add provisions for mobile food vending to business or public health standards. Most places limit mobile food vending to nonresidential districts, and some communities have specific requirements for different types of carts or vehicles. A number of jurisdictions also have operations standards such as distancing requirements from other vendors or brick and mortar restaurants, limitations on hours of operation, or limitations on the vendor’s tenure in any one location. Below, I’ve included links to a number of examples of local regulations for mobile food vehicles.

Examples of Food Truck/Mobile Vending Studies Cameron, Hawkins & Associates. 2011. Review of Toronto A La Cart Pilot Project. Toronto, Ontario: City of Toronto. Available http://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2011/ex/bgrd/backgroundfile-37419.pdf. · Summarizes the regulatory context in a number of cities with vibrant street food cultures and makes recommendations for a new regulatory approach for Toronto. Cutno, Mike, et al. 2010. Atlanta Street Food Feasibility Study. Atlanta: Central Atlanta Progress. Available at http://www.scribd.com/doc/37485115/Atlanta-Street-Food-Feasibility-Study. · Graduate planning student report on the regulatory context of street food vending in Atlanta. Ross, Michael P. and Salvatore LaMattina. 2010. Report on Foodtrucks. Boston: City of Boston. Available at http://www.cityofboston.gov/cityclerk/hearing/upload_pdfs/docket_pdfs/160411282010.pdf. · Study of food truck regulatory approaches in other major cities. Urban Vitality Group. 2010. Food Cartology: Rethinking Urban Spaces as People Places. Portland, Oregon: City of Portland. Available at http://www.portlandonline.com/bps/index.cfm?a=200738&c=52798. · Study of the effects of street food (of all varieties) on the vitality of public spaces.

Examples of Staff Reports Discussing Food Trucks Boston (Massachusetts), City of. 2011. “Docket #0189, An Ordinance Promoting Economic Development and the Food Truck Industry in the City of Boston.” Committee Report to City Council, April 5. Available at http://meetingrecords.cityofboston.gov/sirepub/cache/0/aly10czsmnpraw55kpophp45/974004062011015522838.PD F. · Brief report discussing Boston’s recent push to remove barriers to food trucks. · Includes Boston’s new food truck ordinance. Burbank (California), City of. 2011. “Step One Report on Mobile Food Truck Vending.” Memorandum to City Manager, February 15. Available at http://burbank.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=6&clip_id=1923&meta_id=97788.

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Burbank recently had to scramble to adopt a new food truck ordinance after learning that its peddling ordinance was not in compliance with the California Vehicle Code. A follow up staff report is available at http://burbank.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=6&clip_id=2279&meta_id=102408. The new ordinance is available at http://burbank.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=6&clip_id=2279&meta_id=102410.

Examples of Guides for Potential Food Truck Operators Boston (Massachusetts), City of. 2010. Mobile Food Vending Workshop. Available at http://www.cityofboston.gov/Images_Documents/Mobile%20Food%20Vending%20Workshop%20092910_tcm319936.pdf. · Presentation from a workshop designed to help potential vendors comply with food truck regulations. Denver (Colorado), City and County of. 2011. Food Truck Guide: A Multi-Department Guide. Available at http://www.denvergov.org/Portals/0/documents/Food_Truck_Guide_2011.pdf. · Guide to help potential vendors understand the regulatory context for food trucks in Denver. San Francisco (California), City and County of. 2011. “Mobile Food Facilities.” Available at http://www.sfdpw.org/index.aspx?page=1376. · Online guide with links to application packet and information to help potential vendors comply with San Francisco’s new mobile food program.

Examples of Zoning Standards for Mobile Food Vehicles Charlotte (North Carolina), City of. 2010. Code of Ordinances. Appendix A. Zoning. Chapter 12. Development Standards of General Applicability. Part 5. Special Requirements for Certain Uses. Section 12.510. Mobile Food Vending Service. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=19970&stateId=33&stateName=North%20Carolina. · Section includes both site and operations requirements. · Vendors must have written authorization of property owner. Fort Worth (Texas), City of. 2010. Code of Ordinances. Appendix A. Zoning Regulations. Chapter 5. Supplemental Use Standards. Article 4. Temporary Uses. Section 5.406. Mobile Vendors. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=10096&stateId=43&stateName=Texas. · Section 5.406 contains detailed operational requirements. Frisco (Texas), City of. 2011. Zoning Ordinance. Section 3. Land Uses. Part 3.02.01 Conditional Development Standards. Subsection 3.02.01.A(20). Mobile Vendor. Available at http://www.friscotexas.gov/departments/planningDevelopment/zoningSubdivision/Documents/ZoningOrd_04-0511.pdf. · Subsection 3.02.01.A(20) starts on page 100 of the PDF. · Vendors must have written permission from property owners and must submit a site plan. · Includes additional development and operational standards. Henry (Georgia), County of. 2009. Unified Land Development Code. Chapter 7. Section 7.03.02. Portable or Mobile Restaurants and Food Services, Temporary Outdoor and Sales (Transient Merchant), and Sidewalk Sales. Available at http://www.co.henry.ga.us/PlanningZoning/ULDC/Chapter%207-ULDC.pdf. · Section starts on page 13 of the PDF. · Lists permissible zoning districts for mobile food vendors and includes site requirements. · Vendors must obtain written permission from property owners.

Marathon (Florida), City of. 2011. Code of Ordinances. Appendix A. Land Development Regulations. Chapter 104. Specific Use Regulations. Article 1. General Provisions. Section 104.62. Vendor Carts and Mobile Food Units. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=13811&stateId=9&stateName=Florida. · Mobile food vendors are permitted in all commercial and industrial districts with the written permission of the property owners. · This section contains site standards for mobile vendors. Marion (Oregon), County of. 2010. Urban Zoning Ordinance. Chapter 16.26. Use Standards. Section 16.26.570. Mobile Food Vendors. Available at http://www.co.marion.or.us/PW/Planning/zoning/Marion+County+Urban+Zone+Code.htm. · Section starts on page 11. · Mobile food vendors are only allowed in certain commercial industrial zones. · Vendors must obtain written permission from property owners. Phoenix (Arizona), City of. 2011. Zoning Ordinance. Chapter 6. Zoning Districts. Section 624. Commercial C-3 District—General Commercial. Paragraph D. Permitted Uses. Part 87. Mobile food vendors subject to the following conditions or limitations. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=13534&stateId=3&stateName=Arizona&customBanner=13534.jp g&imageclass=L&cl=13534.txt. · The district requirements for Phoenix’s C-3 zone include additional use standards for mobile vendors on private property beyond those included in the city’s businesses standards for mobile vendors (referenced below). Tuscaloosa (Alabama), City of. 2011. City Code. Chapter 24. Zoning. Article VII. Section 24-91. Special Exceptions. Paragraph 41. Vehicle-mounted or tent-sheltered food sales or other retailing. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=10302&stateId=1&stateName=Alabama. · Limits vending operations that take up more than 50 s.f. to 45 days in any calendar year. · Must have access to 5 parking spaces and must be in conformance with underlying zoning standards for permanent structures. Ventura (California), County of. 2009. Municipal Code. Division 8. Planning and Development. Chapter 1. Zoning. Article 7. Standards for Specific Uses. Section 8107-30. Mobile Food Facilities. Available at http://www.municode.com/Resources/gateway.asp?pid=16749&sid=5. · Section details site requirements for mobile food vendors on private property.

Examples of Licensing/Public Health Standards for Mobile Food Vehicles Austin (Texas), City of. 2011. City Code. Title 10. Public Health Services and Sanitation. Chapter 10-3. Food and Food Handlers. Article 4. Mobile Food Establishments. Available at http://www.amlegal.com/nxt/gateway.dll/Texas/austin/thecodeofthecityofaustintexas?f=templates$fn=default.htm$3 .0$vid=amlegal:austin_tx$anc · Mobile food establishments must obtain a permit from the health authority. · If a food vehicle parks in one location for more than 2 hours it must obtain a written agreement from business owners within 150’. · Additional health department requirements are in the Mobile Food Vendor permit application: http://www.ci.austin.tx.us/health/downloads/304_mfv_packet_01-13-11.pdf. Baltimore (Maryland), City of. 2010. City Code. Article 15. Licensing and Regulations. Subtitle 17. Street Vendors. Available at http://www.baltimorecity.gov/Portals/0/Charter%20and%20Codes/Code/Art%2015%20%20Licensing.pdf. · This subtitle covers both mobile food vending from carts and from motorized vehicles on public rights-ofway. · Mobile food vendors must be licensed by the city. · Mobile food vehicles can’t park for more than 15 minutes in a residential area or within 300 feet of any location used within the past 48 hours.

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Mobile food vehicles can’t sell near schools between 7 AM and 5 PM. Food trucks can’t park within 500’ of restaurants selling similar types of food.

Dallas (Texas), City of. 2011. City Code. Volume I. Chapter 17. Food Establishments. Article VIII. Mobile Food Establishments. Available at http://www.amlegal.com/nxt/gateway.dll/Texas/dallas/volumei/preface?f=templates$fn=default.htm$3.0$vid=amleg al:dallas_tx. · Contains extensive vehicle and operations standards for a variety of mobile food vending carts and vehicles. · All mobile food vehicles must obtain a permit from the city. · “Mobile food preparation vehicle. A mobile food preparation vehicle is a commercially-manufactured, motorized mobile food establishment in which ready-to-eat food is cooked, wrapped, packaged, processed, or portioned for service, sale, or distribution. "Commercially-manufactured" means the vehicle was originally manufactured for use as a mobile food preparation vehicle by a person regularly in the business of manufacturing mobile food preparation vehicles for sale and does not include any vehicle that is converted or retrofitted as a mobile food preparation vehicle.” · Mobile food preparation vehicles must obtain permission from private property owners, cannot prepare or sell food on public rights-of-way or while in motion, cannot stop for more than 60 minutes, must file an itinerary with the city, and can only sell in nonresidential zoning districts that permit outdoor sales. Evanston (Illinois), City of. 2010. Code of Ordinances. Title 8. Health and Sanitation. Chapter 26. Mobile Food Vehicle Vendors. Available at http://library.municode.com/index.aspx?clientId=14913&stateId=13&stateName=Illinois. · “Mobile food vehicle: A commercially manufactured, motorized mobile food unit in which ready-to-eat food is cooked, wrapped, packaged, processed, or portioned for service, sale or distribution. A mobile food vehicle must be owned and operated by the owner or agent of a licensed food establishment in the City, and must be affiliated with that establishment.” · All mobile food vehicles must obtain a permit from the health department. · Mobile food vehicles must receive location permission from the public works department to sell on public rights-of-way and from property owners to sell on private property. · Cannot operate within 100’ of a licensed food establishment or public parks and within 500’ of schools. · Includes numerous use restrictions including limitations on hours of operation. Forrest Hill (Texas), City of. 2010. Ordinance No. 2010-02-001. Available at http://www.foresthilltx.org/Downloads_pdf/ORDINANCES/Ordinance%20Mobile%20Vending%202010-02001.pdf. · Adds definitions and licensing and operations standards for mobile food vending uses, including food trucks. · “Mobile food unit: a vehicle-mounted food service operation designed to be readily movable and remains on the premises only during the operating hours. Examples of this include, but are not limited to barbecue vendors, roasted corn vendors, fruit and produce vendors, and lunch wagons.” Los Angeles (CA), County of. 2011. County Code. Title 8. Consumer Protection and Business Regulations. Division 1. Public Health Licenses. Chapter 8.04. Public Health Licenses. Part 1. Definitions. Section 8.04.200. Food vehicle, retail. Section 8.04.306. Mobile food facility. Section 8.04.310. Mobile food-preparation units. Part 2. General Licensing Requirements. Available at http://search.municode.com/html/16274/index.htm. · “Mobile food-preparation units” means any vehicle upon which ready-to-eat food is prepared, cooked, wrapped, packaged, or portioned for service, sale or distribution. However, for fee purposes, the term ‘mobile food-preparation vehicle’ shall not include other types of vehicles specifically defined in this Chapter 8.04, Part 1.” · L.A. County just amended its code in order to ensure that all licensed food trucks are submitted to its letter grading system. Minneapolis (MN), City of. 2011. Code of Ordinances. Title 10. Food Code. Chapter 188. Administration and Licensing. Article III. License Holder Requirements. Section 188.485. Mobile food vendors. Available at http://library1.municode.com/default-test/home.htm?infobase=11490&doc_action=whatsnew.

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Minneapolis recently updated its code with extensive operations standards for mobile food vehicles to distinguish between vehicles selling only pre-prepared foods and those doing at least some preparation in the truck. Mobile food vehicles must obtain a permit from the city and can only operate in the Downtown Business Improvement Special Service District.

Seattle (Washington), City of. 2011. Municipal Code. Title 10. Health and Safety. Chapter 10.10. Food Code. Subchapter LIV. Mobile Food Vehicles. Available at http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/toc/10-10.htm. · Mobile food vehicles must obtain a permit from the health department. · Includes operations standards to ensure food safety.

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Dynamics of Supply Chain Management

...Branch Finance Manager ITC Limited, Bangalore. Mr. Vineeth Vishwambharam Asst. Branch Manager ITC Limited, Bangalore  M.P.Birla Institute Of Management D C B B @ 9 8 7 5 E¦¢#A¦©§64 ¡2 1 £(  ¡ % ¡ " ¡ £      ¨ ¡ ¥ £ ¡ 3'¦0)'&¤$#¦!¤¡ ©§¦¤¢  DECLARATION I hereby declare that the research work embodied in the dissertation entitled “Dynamics of supply chain management at ITC Ltd., Bangalore “ has been carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Dr. N.S.Malavalli, Principal,M.P.B.I.M , Bangalore (Internal Guide) and Mr. Savio ,Branch Finance Manager,ITC Ltd. ,Bangalore (External Guide). I also declare that the dissertation has not been submitted to any University/Institution for the award of any Degree/Diploma. Place: Bangalore Date: (T.Lakshmi) ACKNOWLEGEMENT I thank V.S.Vaidhyanathan,Sr. Vice President Corporate Affairs ITC Ltd. Delhi, and Mr. Thomas Mathew ,H.R Manager of ITC Ltd. Bangalore, for giving me an opportunity to do research in their company. I extend grateful thank to Mr.Vineeth Vishwambharam, Asst Branch Manager and Mr.Savio Suverrie, Finance Manager, ITC Ltd who provided expert guidance throughout this research work. My special thanks are due to Mr.Arjun Bhatia, Mr.Kiran and Mr. Arun for their personal interest and support. I express my immense gratitude to Dr.N.S.Mallavali & Dr.K.V.Prabhakar for their academic support.. Further, I indebted to all those who explicitly and implicitly helped me in completing my work...

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