...is always a first time; a first time speaking from a platform, a first time standing behind a podium etc. After these “first” persuasive presentations, presenters feel like they could have done better. I will introduce to you the key concepts and theories that a professional presenter should acknowledge and learn to improve their persuasive presentation skills. In order to become a skilled and self-assured presenter, one should entail personal preparation, professional development and practice. Take in consideration that a person does not become a presenter solely by reading a presentation, but by personal preparation. Practicing is the essential in all presentations and it boosts up the presenters confidence. Presenting a persuasive presentation is seen as achieving a goal, therefore this engages in a step to step process which enables the presenter to gain insight and experience on the subject. One of the most essential key concepts for a successful persuasive presentation is practice. The ability to present effectively is developed by practice, practice produced proficiency and without practice a speaker does not become a great presenter; just like a football player does not become a great quarter back. If a persuasive speaker does not take the time to prepare their persuasion power weakens. The good outcomes of practicing your speech and doing your “homework” by doing extra research on your topic, is that you will make your audience feel that you are a trustful...
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...Praxis: Chapter 3 Metaphor: a figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between to unlike things that actually have something in common Simile: a figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as in “how like the winter hath my absence been” or “so are you to my thoughts as food to life” Hyperbole: a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis as in I could sleep for a year or this book weighs a ton Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as having human form. Flowers danced about. Anthropomorphism: the attribution of a human form, human characteristics, or human behavior to nonhuman things, e.g. deities in mythology and animals in children's stories Morpheme: The smallest meaningful element of speech or writing. Alliteration: The repetition of the same sounds or of the same kind of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables, as in “on scrolls of silver snowy sentences”. Onomatopoeia: The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to hiss, buzz bang Oxymoron: a rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in deafening silence and a mournful optimist Symbol: Something that represents something else by association, resemblance or convention especially a material object used...
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...Matt Miller COM 210-003 Persuasive Speech 4/4/12 Topic: Should college athletes be paid to play sports? Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience why collegiate athletes should not be paid to play. Introduction Opening Comment: Image that you just scored the game-winning basket in the NCAA basketball tournament championship. Your shot just helped the school get tens of millions of dollars. Now by a show of hands, how many of you think that you should earn a share of that money? Central Idea: One of the most controversial and prominent topics in sports today is whether or not schools should pay their student-athletes to play their sports. I am going to argue as to why they should not be paid to play. Preview of Main Points: I will talk about five key reasons as to why collegiate athletes do not deserve to be paid to play. These are because of already established scholarships, would lead to decreased competition, the fact that there isn’t enough money for schools to give out already, a removal of innocence would occur, and recruiting would suffer among schools. Transition: First, I will explain why collegiate athletes already receive enough money from scholarships and free tuition. Body I. Tuition and the “Student” A. Already receiving thousands of dollars from athletic scholarships 1. According to a Parade Magazine article, Division I student athletes can receive between $20,000 and $50,000 per year. 2. A study done by...
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...Reina Cyrelle Montevirgen BSA-1A 1:15-2:45 PM Persuasive Speech (About Texting) Teens, I’d like to offer you some advice that may be the most important lesson you’ll ever learn about driving—although it may have only been covered briefly in a single lesson of your driver’s education course. Texting while driving is a serious distraction and one that could cost you your life or the lives of others. I know how hard it is to put the phone down and concentrate on the road. Even as an adult, I sometimes struggle with avoiding distractions while I’m driving. But there are plenty of other options and a lot of good reasons to keep your eyes on the road. I know you may think that it only takes a second to type that text and hit send. However, in actuality, the average text takes your eyes away from the road for five seconds. If you’re going 55 mph, then five seconds is the amount of time it takes you to drive the length of a football field. A better alternative is to wait until you reach your destination. Or, if you absolutely must respond to a text sooner, find a safe place to pull over. You may also think that you’re a good enough driver that you can safely send a text message without interfering with your ability to operate your vehicle. Statistics show that teen drivers who text spend approximately 10% of their driving time driving outside of their lane. But it’s hard to know that if you aren’t looking. If having the phone within reach is too much...
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...With social conflicts in America stealing the spotlight in most major news outlets, the people are beginning to question what qualifies as patriotic. A pure example of this can be seen in the National Football League where some players are refusing to stand for the country’s national anthem. This has caused uproars and debates among Americans across the land of freedom. Kenneth Jost, a reporter for The CQ Researcher, observes that many Americans fear patriotism is declining in the nation (Jost, 545). Two individuals, retired Maj. Gen. Patrick Brady and Carole Shields, took to analyzing a related matter in an article of The CQ Researcher. Both parties responded to the question, “Should Congress approve a constitutional amendment to permit laws prohibiting the physical desecration of the flag?” (Jost, 561). Maj. Gen. Patrick Brady argued that the desecration of the flag produces terrible impacts and is not protected under the first amendment. On the other hand, Carole Shields wrote that the ability to burn a flag is...
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...Persuasive Speech: Texting and Driving Rough Draft Imagine this: You’re driving to school like its any normal day. You want to see if your friend is already there so you pick up the phone to text him, what could it hurt, you’re only going to look away for a couple of seconds. Next thing you know you’ve lost control of the wheel and when your eyes open again, you’re lying in a hospital bed. You have broken collarbone and arm, but yet, you’re considered lucky because you are alive. You’re lucky because you ran up a curb and hit a tree, not another car or a biker. Texting and driving is a growing occurrence. All it takes is a few seconds of your time away from the road to get into an accident. While some might not believe it, no matter what you feel like you have to say at the moment, it can wait. Unfortunately, a lot of drivers do not see the problem with texting and driving, or they do not believe that it is an issue. The phrase, “I’m a good texter,” is often times used as justification, and I’m here to tell you that there is no such thing. 77% of adults confidently say that they can text and drive while 55% of young adult or teen drivers claim that “it’s easy.” In 2011 23% of car crashes were texting related, so if all of the confident people were “good” texters, the numbers would add up. Five seconds is the average time your eyes are off the road while texting. When traveling at 55mph, that's enough time to cover the length of a football field, so a lot can happen in that time...
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...Joel Carey Persuasive Speech Outline Speech 100 Spring 2007 I. Attention Step: Welcome and thank you for coming. So, how many millionaires do we have in the audience tonight? Well, did you know that according to USA Today the average player salary in the National Basketball Association today is $3.7 million dollars per year? Average! The rookie minimum is over $300,000 and Kevin Garnett the NBA’s highest paid player earned $28 million this season. According to Forbes the average value of a franchise in the National Basketball Association is currently around $240 million, a private business group from Oklahoma recently paid $350 million for our Seattle Supersonics franchise. Thesis: Please keep these figures in mind this evening as I discuss with you why our tax dollars should not go towards funding a new arena for the Seattle Supersonics basketball franchise. Preview: This topic should be of concern to all of you and tonight I will explain why through documented statistical evidence. My research will show why it is unreasonable for a professional sports franchise to ask the taxpayers to pay for their playground through our hard earned tax dollars. II. Need: A. Proponents of sports facilities have tried to justify public spending on these projects with the claim that they enhance redevelopment in urban areas, however very little research exists that actually supports these claims. B. Indiana State Professor Thomas Sawyer reports in his article...
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...Reverend Jerry Falwell learned that the Supreme Court had reversed his $200,000 judgment against Hustler magazine for the emotional distress that he had suffered from an outrageous parody, his response was typical of those who seek to censor speech: "Just as no person may scream 'Fire!' in a crowded theater when there is no fire, and find cover under the First Amendment, likewise, no sleazy merchant like Larry Flynt should be able to use the First Amendment as an excuse for maliciously and dishonestly attacking public figures, as he has so often done." Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes's classic example of unprotected speech—falsely shouting "Fire!" in a crowded theater—has been invoked so often, by so many people, in such diverse contexts, that it has become part of our national folk language. It has even appeared—most appropriately—in the theater: in Tom Stoppard's play Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead a character shouts at the audience, "Fire!" He then quickly explains: "It's all right—I'm demonstrating the misuse of free speech." Shouting "Fire!" in the theater may well be the only jurisprudential analogy that has assumed the status of a folk argument. A prominent historian recently characterized it as "the most brilliantly persuasive expression that ever came from Holmes' pen." But in spite of its hallowed position in both the jurisprudence of the First Amendment and the arsenal of political discourse, it is and was an inapt analogy, even in the context in which it was...
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...Reverend Jerry Falwell learned that the Supreme Court had reversed his $200,000 judgment against Hustler magazine for the emotional distress that he had suffered from an outrageous parody, his response was typical of those who seek to censor speech: "Just as no person may scream 'Fire!' in a crowded theater when there is no fire, and find cover under the First Amendment, likewise, no sleazy merchant like Larry Flynt should be able to use the First Amendment as an excuse for maliciously and dishonestly attacking public figures, as he has so often done." Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes's classic example of unprotected speech—falsely shouting "Fire!" in a crowded theater—has been invoked so often, by so many people, in such diverse contexts, that it has become part of our national folk language. It has even appeared—most appropriately—in the theater: in Tom Stoppard's play Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead a character shouts at the audience, "Fire!" He then quickly explains: "It's all right—I'm demonstrating the misuse of free speech." Shouting "Fire!" in the theater may well be the only jurisprudential analogy that has assumed the status of a folk argument. A prominent historian recently characterized it as "the most brilliantly persuasive expression that ever came from Holmes' pen." But in spite of its hallowed position in both the jurisprudence of the First Amendment and the arsenal of political discourse, it is and was an inapt analogy, even in the context in which it was...
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...towards the other party. - Vocal Tone: Raising or lowering your voice to change delivery and interpretation of your words. - Facial Expression: Showing anger or agreeability in your facial expressions as the other parties are arguing their position. According to the International Negotiations Handbook, there are several other types of persuasion tactics. One of these would include story telling. This is when you present your argument as a story that explains your problem and shows how your proposed actions would resolve this problem. You can tell the story from a person or family that would be affected by the decision and display how your point would greater help this group of individuals. Courtesy is another persuasive tactic that can be used in a negotiation. Courtesy could be used to keep the communications open and dialog flowing...
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...trends. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A guide to analysing views journalism Part 1 – characterising arguments by reference to the how they are justified and supported In the first section of these notes we are going to look in a bit more detail at how supporting argumentation (justifications) works to justify primary claims. This material was dealt with in previous tutes and lectures but now we go into more depth – specifically extending the discussion to consider the nature of the warrants which are typically associated with the different types of justification. By attending to warrants in this way it becomes possible to provide telling insights into the author’s persuasive style and into the value system or worldview which is taken for granted...
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...A Comparative Analysis of Nike and Adidas Commercials * A Multimodal Approach to Building Brand Strategies Mads Nørgaard Hansen Dennis Gade Pedersen BA Marketing and Management Communication Supervisor: Carmen Daniela Maier Department of Language and Business Communication Aarhus School of Business Aarhus University 2010 A Comparative Analysis of Nike and Adidas Commercials * A Multimodal Approach to Building Brand Strategies Mads Nørgaard Hansen and Dennis Gade Pedersen Abstract Heavy competition in the sports industry has caused organisations like Nike and Adidas to focus on more than just selling sportswear- and equipment. Organisations need to differentiate themselves and focus on both product attributes and brand values when creating brand strategies. Therefore, we have found it interesting to see how Nike and Adidas communicate their branding strategy differently and have set up the following hypothesis and questions: In Nike and Adidas commercials the organisations make use of complex multimodal choices in order to communicate their branding strategies. 1. Which multimodal choices do Nike and Adidas employ in order to communicate their branding strategies? 2. Which personality traits are similar and different in Nike and Adidas product and value commercials? Due to the complexity of our hypothesis, we will employ three frameworks: social semiotics, film theory, and branding. These frameworks will help us to analyse and...
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...A BRIEF CONTENTS PART 1 • GETTING STARTED 1. Becoming a Public Speaker 2. From A to Z: Overview of a Speech 3. Managing Speech Anxiety 4. Ethical Public Speaking 5. Listeners and Speakers 1 2 8 1 4 23 30 PART 2 • DEVELOPMENT 6. Analyzing the Audience 7. Selecting a Topic and Purpose 8. Developing Supporting Material 9. Locating Supporting Material 10. Doing Effective Internet Research 1 Citing Sources in Your Speech 1. 36 37 49 57 64 73 83 PART 3 • ORGANIZATION 1 Organizing the Speech 2. 1 Selecting an Organizational Pattern 3. 1 Outlining the Speech 4. 92 93 103 1 10 PART 4 • STARTING, FINISHING, AND STYLING 15. Developing the Introduction and Conclusion 16. Using Language 1 22 1 23 1 31 PART 5 • DELIVERY 1 Choosing a Method of Delivery 7. 18. Controlling the Voice 19. Using the Body 1 39 1 40 1 44 1 48 PART 6 • PRESENTATION AIDS 20. Types of Presentation Aids 21. Designing Presentation Aids 22. A Brief Guide to Microsoft PowerPoint 154 155 161 164 PART 7 • TYPES OF SPEECHES 23. Informative Speaking 24. Persuasive Speaking 25. Speaking on Special Occasions 1 74 1 75 188 21 7 PART 8 • THE CLASSROOM AND BEYOND 230 26. Typical Classroom Presentation Formats 27. Science and Mathematics Courses 28. Technical Courses 29. Social Science Courses 30. Arts and Humanities Courses 31. Education Courses 32. Nursing and Allied Health Courses 33. Business Courses and Business Presentations 34. Presenting in Teams 35. Communicating in Groups 231 236 240 243 246 248 25 1 253 258...
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...Analysis of an argument 1. The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods. “Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.” Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument. In your discussion be sure to analyze the line of reasoning and the use of evidence in the argument. For example, you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative explanations or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion. You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument, what changes in the argument would make it more logically sound, and what, if anything, would help you better evaluate its conclusion. Citing facts drawn from the color-film processing industry that indicate a downward trend in the costs of film processing over a 24-year period, the author argues that Olympic Foods will likewise be able to minimize costs and thus maximize profits in the future. In support of this conclusion...
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...‘ THE BUSINESS OF MASS MEDIA Advertising and Commercial Culture 345 Early Developments in American Advertising 351 The Shape of U.S. Advertising Today 359 Persuasive Techniques in Contemporary Advertising 366 Commercial Speech and Regulating Advertising 374 Advertising, Politics, and Democracy Back in 1993, the trade magazine Adweek wrote about “The Ultimate Network”— something called the Internet: “Advertisers and agencies take note: It has the potential to become the next great mass/personal medium.”1 The prediction was correct, if not understated. The Internet has become a huge medium for advertisers, targeting audiences more precisely than any medium before it. Yet, none of the venerable ad agencies at that time could have guessed that an Internet start-up—Google— would become bigger than the leading multinational advertising holding companies like Omnicom, WPP, Interpublic, and Publicis. Nearly 99 percent of Google’s $16.6 billion revenue in 2007 came from advertising. THE BUSINESS OF MASS MEDIA B 343 ‘ ADVERTISING However, Google is different from the Madison Avenue agencies. It doesn’t design witty, slick ad campaigns. Instead, it facilitates the dull but effective text-based sponsored links that appear in Google searches or on affiliated sites. “We are in the really boring part of the business…the boring big business,” Google’s CEO Eric Schmidt says.2 What Google’s ads lack in creativity, they make up in precision. Google’s AdWords advertising...
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