...A Customer Satisfaction/Baseline Survey was comissined by Techserve Plc to determine the response of customers to a new Computer Software ’Kensoft’ aimed at analyzing and monitoring progress overtime for refugee based programmes in NGOs in Africa. The purpose of the survey was to determine the pre-operation exposure conditions for the new software to guide in the focasting for the likely impacts once the new product is introduced to the market, including cost implication, projected profit margins and indicators for success. The new product ‘Kensoft’ is envisaged to cut a market niche for data management, analysis and for tracking changes and progress in refugee based programming in Africa. The influx of refugees in the last few years in Africa has been on the increase fueled by numerous clashes,civil unrest, and forceful regime changes through coups, terrorisism and wars. Unstable governments, dictatorial leadership and corruption has created an enviroment in Africa that can easily cause civil unrests and infighting which in many cases has led to internally displaced persons and refugees. The largest refugee camps are found in Kenya namely Daadab in North Eastern and Kakuma in Rift Valley, reports also shows that numerous state and non state agencies and organisations located in the two areas have pograms targeting refugees, however, data management is not systematic and scientifically controlled and when it is managed the process is highly selective and cannot be relied upon...
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...The best reasons to get vaccinated are to protect yourself and to protect the people around you. 1. You may no longer be protected. You may have received a vaccine as a child. But some vaccines require a booster if you want to remain protected. Protection may not be life-long for diseases like pertussis (whooping cough) or tetanus, which is usually given with the diphtheria toxoid. The CDC recommends a booster for the latter every 10 years after an initial childhood series. 2. Getting vaccines helps protect kids -- especially babies too young for vaccines. Whooping cough vaccines are recommended for pregnant women (preferably between 27 and 36 weeks' gestation) and people who have contact with young babies. The same is true for the flu vaccine. There’s no flu vaccine licensed for infants younger than 6 months old. “We call that creating a cocoon of protection around the baby.”. 3. Some vaccines are just for adults. The shingles vaccine is a good example. Shingles (also known as herpes zoster or zoster) is caused by a reactivation of the chickenpox virus. It can cause a severe and painful skin rash. The risk for shingles increases as a person ages. The vaccine is recommended for adults 60 and older. 4. You may need them when you travel. Headed to the developing world? You may run into illnesses you’d never find at home. The yellow fever vaccination is required for travel to parts of sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America. The Saudi Arabian government also requires...
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..."Do parents have a right to withhold vaccines from their children for philosophical reasons, or should parents be forced to have their children immunized for the good of society?" Thesis statement: “Since vaccines have been invented, there has been a lot of controversy regarding the belief whether parents should immunize their children for the benefit of the society or withhold vaccines for personal reasons”. Introduction: It is inevitable that media, especially tabloids and articles play a big role in shaping the beliefs, practices and norms of the society. Immunization, which is also known as vaccination is one of the most controversial debates that evokes different opinions among the general public. Since vaccines have been invented, there has been a lot of controversy regarding the belief whether parents should immunize their children for the benefit of the society or withhold vaccines for personal reasons. During the last couple of months, the Disneyland Measles outbreak has been one of the hottest and most controversial news in the nation. According to writer and news announcer Rath of National Public Relations (2015), it was reported that since December 2014, roughly 80 people in the Unites States have been confirmed to have measles. Seventy percent of the affected individuals were allegedly the ones who visited the Disneyland theme park. It was discovered that at least 28 of these victims had not received the measles vaccine. Because of this heartbreaking news...
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...What does anthropology have to offer us in understanding forced displacement? The study of refugees and other forced migrants is now a major area within anthropology, population displacement has become more prevalent and more visible worldwide. Examines the lived experience of forced migration and articulates anthropology’s unique contributions to the field of refugee and forced migration studies in documenting the impact of displacement and dispossession on refugees and exiles, their culture, and society. Anthropologists have shown over the last half century that in forced migration, people lose not only resources and property but also employment and livelihoods, social networks, kin, political power, and a sense of meaning and cultural identity. International humanitarian assistance continues to gradually expand in scope to provide assistance to all populations affected by displacement. Anthropologists have both studied and tried to do something about the situation through the creation of agencies that give a voice to the displaced, such as the Refugee Studies Centre at Oxford, Cultural Survival, and the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. Displacement is now seen as an endemic phenomenon that affects those uprooted, the communities that feel the impact of their arrival, governments, and the international agencies which increasingly play a major role in dealing with displacement. (Laguerre 1998, 8) argues that diaspora means both displacement and reattachment...
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...in the world forced displacement in Colombia is not primarily caused by confrontations between armed groups. Assassinations, intimidation and personal threats are the principal reasons given by IDPs for fleeing their homes. Until the 2000s, when the Colombian government, with the help of foreign assistance, conducted a military offensive against insurgents, confrontations between the different warring parties were rare. Instead guerillas and paramilitaries tended to settle scores by attacking civilians they suspected of supporting the other side. Many observers agree that displacement in Colombia has been a deliberate strategy of war used to establish control over strategic territories, to expand the cultivation of illicit crops and to take procession of lands...
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...Vaccination, what is your opinion.Vaccination is a highly controversial topic in the US. Many people believe vaccination should be enforced, but vaccination should be by choice. Anybody above the age of 21 should choose whether or not they want to be vaccinated. If we are forced to be vaccinated, it is a direct violation of the constitution, and even if the government decides to imply that they will discard our free will makes many people unhappy, to say the least. Every man and woman has the freedom, and right to do as they wish here in ‘Murica. Our fair and just laws are the only thing able to override freedom. A “valid” arguement is how if everyone is sick nobody can work. That argument is invalidated by the simple fact that 90-95% of us get vaccines, the 5-10% of us that don't want a vaccine should have their right to stay unvaccinated. All in all, enforcing vaccines is unjust by our laws....
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...In addition to the issue of safety of vaccinations, there is also an issue of freedom. “Vaccination choice is a fundamental right because it implicates our most precious rights—to life, liberty, and security of person,” writes Mary Holland, a research scholar at New York University’s School of Law, in her article “Vaccination Choice Is an Individual Right.” According to Holland and the U.S. law, vaccines are “unavoidably unsafe” and can lead to serious consequences. Since vaccines are not 100% safe, there is still a high risk to get a serious side effect and this violates the right of “security of person,” and since vaccination is mandatory, it violets the right of freedom as well. Joseph Mercola, a physician and author of numerous books on...
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...More than any other matter, the question of issues stirs among the battle of vaccines. Since the 1980’s, the quantity of vaccinations that children most receive has doubled, and in that same time autism diagnoses have tripled. Studies have shown that some children have suffered from both autism like developmental disorders and intestinal symptoms that include inflammation, pain and bloating. It has been reported kids started showing signs of autism days after getting the MMR vaccine. With this said, cases established a link between vaccines and autism implying that exposure to the measles virus could be a causal factor to children’s autism. This has alarmed parents to begin to question whether they should immunize their children or not. There are many people who feel that the immunizations do more harm than good. These same people believe that the diseases for which vaccinations are given are not something that they have to worry about. They believe that these issues have been gone for so long that there would be no chance of them coming back in full force. Next, Vaccinations have also long been the subject of various ethical controversies. The main ethical debates related to vaccine regulation, developmental and the usage of research and testing along with parents to be forced upon mandates of governmental laws for school attendance and enrollment. Many argue this comes into their right of religious and philosophical viewpoints with arising conflicts all around. For instance...
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...Social injustice has plagued the United States for generations. One social injustice problem involves vaccines. What is a vaccine? Vaccinations are substances used to stimulate the production of antibodies, which can make the user immune to one or more diseases. In different states, there has been a controversy about what are valid excuses not to have vaccinations. This would be wonderful if it worked out for everyone, but, it is not so. Vaccines should only be recommended, and not required because of religious and medical reasons. The social injustice of vaccinations is very controversial. In the article “Measles outbreak: Different states, different rules on vaccinations” by Holly Yan, she talks about measles vaccinations. When the measles...
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...with children who have not been vaccinated? Would it bother you? I’m sure there are several different answers to these questions. This paper will focus on the reasons why unvaccinated children should not be allowed to attend public schools as well as the benefits of vaccination. Every parent wants to raise a healthy child. Every parent wants to make sure their child is protected from infectious diseases and wants to do everything in their power to prevent any illness in the future. Every day there are thousands of babies born in this world and as parents we know that their immune systems are not ready to take on the illnesses that this world has. So why not protect your child? The American Academy of Pediatrics state that childhood vaccines are 90 – 99% effective in preventing disease. The risks of not being vaccinated far outweigh the small risks associated with vaccination. This is an issue that some parents face each time we prepare our children to attend public schools. We all know the common cold is air born and school aged children are prone to picking up that strand from another child. There are also other diseases that children can pick up from their classmates like chickenpox, measles and pertussis (whooping cough). If we vaccinate our children when they are scheduled to be, they are less likely to be sick in the future. For many years there have been reasons for a child not being vaccinated. Some individuals have claimed that it is due to religious views, the...
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...introduced the first vaccine, a vaccination against smallpox, in 1778 (Allen, 48) the world has been a bit skeptical. The concept of inoculation is counter-intuitive—what sense does it make to inject a healthy person with the very virus they’re trying to prevent he or she from contracting? The very idea of it seems dangerous, even reckless. The issue with this uneasy feeling about the safety and sense of vaccinations is ignorance. We do not fully understand our own body’s immune systems; therefore we cannot fully understand how vaccinations work. Many people are under the impression that extremely harmful diseases are, for the most part, wiped out or incredibly rare. They may not see the reason for immunizing themselves or their children. But the truth of the matter is that these incredibly harmful, even deadly diseases are very much prevalent in today’s world. People come into contact with these infectious viruses on a daily basis; it is only our immune systems that keep the infections at bay. And our immune systems can only fight off these diseases through the use of vaccinations. There is a growing percentage of the population that is choosing against vaccinating their children. These parents against child inoculation have various reasons for opting not to vaccinate, including health concerns, cost of medical treatment, religious or philosophical beliefs, or their place of residence. Large portions of the anti-immunization population see vaccines as being unsafe. ...
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...Immunizations: Who Should be Calling the Shots? Immunizations: Who Should be Calling the Shots? Vaccines can prevent outbreaks of disease and save lives. By immunizing a critical portion of a community, most of us are protected from the disease because there is little chance for an outbreak. By reducing the number of people who are not immune, we can contain the spread of contagious disease. This is known as “community immunity” or “herd immunity” ("Vaccines.gov", n.d.). Diseases such as measles and pertussis were once highly feared and vaccines for these diseases have played an important part in reducing the transmissions of these and other deadly diseases. (Luthy, DNP,FNP, Beckstrand, RN, PhD, CCRN, CNE, Callister, RN, PhD, FAAN, & Cahoon, SN, 2012). While many people fear that immunizations can have harmful side effects such as developmental delays in children or that the government and pharmaceutical companies are profiting from the sale of immunizations, parents who choose to not immunize their children are putting the general public at risk. We must act now to encourage parents to vaccinate in order to prevent widespread outbreaks of once deadly diseases. Personal Beliefs There are currently 20 states that allow vaccine exemption based on parents’ personal beliefs, and this is becoming increasingly prevalent. Parents’ personal decisions to exempt their children from receiving vaccinations often stems from a false sense of security that if everyone...
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...disease usually starts with cold-like symptoms and maybe a mild cough or fever. The disease usually starts with cold-like symptoms and maybe a mild cough or fever. In babies, the cough can be minimal or even not present. The most dangerous symptom in babies is the potential development of apnea. About half of babies younger than 1 year who get the disease require hospital care. Early symptoms include a runny nose, low-grade fever, and a mild cough. Pertussis in its early stages appears to be nothing more than the common cold. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms appear including fits of many and rapid coughs, vomiting and exhaustion after coughing fits. These violent coughing fits cause the air to go from the lungs, resulting in a forced inhale with a loud "whooping" sound. Coughing fits generally become more common and bad as the illness continues, and can occur more often at night. Pertussis is an airborne disease that spreads easily from coughs and sneezes of carriers. The first known description...
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...approaches are ensured to make it possible that even with any increase in people’s knowledge and evidence, their rational strength over anti-vaccine movements become a myriad.[Lewandowsky et al. 2013] Decision making becomes a weak thing to do because by looking at both ends, things seem to parallel each other. There those who believe in an unquestionable trust in political figures, doctors and other medical professionals. Other parents seem to look at homeopathy, nature and metaphysical tendencies to resolve their medical dilemma as regards to the vaccine.[Huntley and Peeters, 2010; Battles, 2008]. It is at this point that Lewandowski et al. [2013] and his believed that with an increase in knowledge the worldview polarization of science also doubled. Apparently, these issues are evident to point out to the fact that anti-vaccine attitudes are predicted by them. But there is very limited research in place, to depict the underlying factor beneath these forms of psychosocial behaviors against vaccines. The notion of worldview approach to anti-vaccine over vaccines is a current one and stems from paranormal, spiritual, and conspiracy beliefs over the vaccines. These non-evidence ways of life seem to reach out to the attitudes parents depict over vaccines for such a long time.[Jolley and Douglas, 2014; Goertzel, 1994] There those, who see that vaccines are unsafe, impure according to God’s purpose of creation [O’shea, 2001] and even with governments like the Australian taking the Slovakian...
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...could be eradicated. Vaccinating children and teenagers is important because it can help give them a healthy life, it is safe, and it can save lives. Many people, mainly parents, believe that vaccines cause more harm than good. They think that shots can damage or even destroy the immune system of a child...
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