...Learning multiple languages helps an individual when living in a multi-cultural society. Communication is made easier if the language is a local language. Picking up a new skill is relatively easy for children as they have high grasping power. Hence, learning a foreign language offers an insight into how people from other cultures think and see the world. Firstly, in these highly competitive days, people are expected to move around places and it’s not likely that the local language is the same as the mother tongue of an individual. So it’s quite challenging to understand the local culture and customs for a new individual. This is where famous languages acquired during school days plays a big role. Secondly, it helps a child growth if he/she is introduced with the various culture of the world. Learning a language is the first step to know one’s culture. Thirdly, schools these days are focusing a lot on learning international languages in a lot of developed countries. This practice is quickly picking up in the developing countries too. This trend paves a path for the student to go out on foreign exchange programs to other countries. Gives them great opportunity to have an exposure to unique cultures whilst in student life. Sometimes, children might get carried away with foreign languages and start to look down on their own mother tongues. Hence some language veterans argue that foreign languages should be taught in school only at a age when they are mature enough to...
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...1. – U V O D Usvajanje jezika je zadivljujući podvig male dece, koji već odavno privlači pažnju poslenika u oblasti nauke o jeziku, razvojne psihologije, pedagogije i prirodnih nauka. Izgleda neverovatno kako su tako mala i neiskusna deca ipak sposobna da usvoje ne samo reči, već umeju i da sklapaju rečenice prema pravilima jezika koji se govori u njihovom okruženju. Na razne načine je pokušavana da se objasni ta sposobnost dece. Objašnjenje za tu činjenicu pruža teorija koja kaže da u procesu usvajanja jezika dete učestvuje stvaralački, a njegovo okruženje mu pomaže da to učini i tako iskoristi sposobnost kojom ga je priroda obdarila. Sposobnost deteta da stvaralački učestvuje u usvajanju jezika može da se objasni time da su deca biološki programirana za jezik i da se on razvija na isti način kao što se razvijaju i druge biološke funkcije. Kao što je normalno da dete na određenom stupnju svog razvoja načini prve korake, tako i na određenom stupnju razvoja izgovara prve reči. Da bi mehanizam za usvajanje jezika proradio, detetu je potrebno da čuje uzorke jezika u svom okruženju kako bi dobilo ulazni jezički materijal. Međutim, sposobnost deteta da kreativno učestvuje u proseu usvajanja jezika je vremeniski ograničena. Što je dete mlađe, utoliko je veća njegova sposobnost da krativno učestvuje u usvajanju nematernjeg jezika. U privatnoj školi engleskog jezika 'Speak Easy', čvrsto verujemo u podsticanje učenja engleskog jezika na ranom uzrastu jer je to jedan od sigurnih...
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...subject from class 1 and continues with the same status up to class 12. When HSC level is considered, English is taught here as a compulsory subject consisting of two papers each carrying one hundred marks To face the challenges of new century, the English textbook of class XI-XII has been rationally evaluated by foreign consultants and local experts. The evaluated and modified textbook was designed for introducing communicative techniques and for providing adequate practice in language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. But necessity of grammar can not be avoided in the context of Bangladesh. The purpose for designing H.S.C. syllabus is to make the learner competent in communication in the target language and which is similar to CLTA method in language teaching and learning. In CLTA usually a notional-functional syllabus is followed. In this type of syllabus, instruction is organized not in terms of grammatical structure, but in terms of ‘notions’ and ‘functions’. But grammar is also included by the experts. It is expected that the revised textbook will meet the real needs of the students and teachers and eventually results in more effective teaching and learning of English. In this study, HSC...
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...English Interest Abstract With the opening-up of China, English teaching has been getting more and more attention, especially since Beijing won the bid to hold the 2008 Olympic Games，the economy and society developed quickly in China and different cultures have come into contact more and more, there is no denying that English will play an important role in communication. As a result, English teaching and reform are coming to a turning point, how to improve students' spoken English is the core issue of students and teachers. Students are more and more eager to learn English well especially the oral English, but a lot of difficulties and barriers in the way. Therefore, how to stimulate middle school students' oral English interest becomes more and more important. In this paper, the author pays attention to studying the present situation of Middle school students Oral English study, and propose some personnel but effective strategies to stimulate students’ oral English skills. Key words：Oral English, interests, communication. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………..........................….............................................……….ii Table of Contents…………………………………………………………........…………iii Outline…………………………………………………………………………………… v 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 1 2. The Significant Value of Oral English………………………………………………… 2 2.1 English is the most widely used languages…………………………………………. 2 2.2 Oral English Skills is the Necessary Condition for...
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...exceed the needs of second language learners. My family and I are African American with family influences from Ireland and the Caribbean Islands of Barbados and Grenada. Growing up in a military family from the South, English was the primary language that was used in my home by my parents. I was exposed to other languages in small amounts due to the fact that my family lived overseas the majority of my childhood. In the past, I was exposed to German and Korean through my parents’ attempts through second acquisition. I received a K-12 education on three different continents. I attended elementary and middle school in the United States, Germany, and South Korea. I received my secondary education in Florida. All of the schools were located in suburban areas. In the United States, I attended traditional public schools and in Germany I went to DoDDS (Department of Defense Schools) where students were children of service members and government employees. In South Korea, I attended a private school. I received my undergraduate degree from Florida A&M University in History with a minor in English. Many of the classes I completed for my minor focused on English as it related to ESOL (English as a Second Language) education. These classes were introductory courses and provided some insight on teaching English Language Learners. Currently I am continuing my education to receive my Master’s degree in TESOL education. The nine classes plus teaching practicum will prepare...
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...OF THE PRE-SERVICE TEACHING PRACTICE IN SYLLABUS D OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE MAJOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HOLGUÍN. AUTHORESS: Beatriz María Chang Peña. TUTORESS: Lena Álvarez Monterrey. English Language Major 2013-2014 INTRODUCTION: The English Language Major, as all university majors in Cuba, comprises three main components: academic, pre-professional practice and research. Students generally respond in a more positive way to the academic component than to the pre-professional practice and research components. This happens because the time table for the lessons is followed rigorously, evaluation is almost always present, among other important factors that impact the students’ viewpoints regarding the teaching-learning process. Also, professors don’t attribute the same importance they give to the academic component to the research and professional pre-practice components. Moreover, students consider this latter to be the less welcomed, since most of them do not bear in mind that the teaching of foreign languages is one of their professional profiles. Most of the English Language students are only interested in the profiles of Translators, Interpreters and Communicators; then they are not motivated towards the pedagogical side of their major. The Discipline Didactics of Foreign Languages Teaching includes a pre-professional practice in which students are meant to prepare and teach a language course under the supervision of a professor. This Teaching Practice is intended...
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...The integration of language & content teaching is perceived by the European Commission as "an excellent way of making progress in a foreign language". CBI effectively increases learners' English language proficiency & teaches them the skills necessary for the success in various professions. With CBI, learners gradually acquire greater control of the English language, enabling them to participate more fully in an increasingly complex academic & social environment Content-Based Instruction is an approach to language teaching that focuses not on the language itself, but rather on what is being taught through the language; that is, the language becomes the medium through which something new is learned. IN the CBI approach the student learns the TL by using it to learn sme other new content. For example by studying the French Revolution while using the French langauge. The language being learned and used is taught within the context of the content. The theory behind CBI is that when students are engaged with more content, it will promote intrinsic motivation. Students will be able to use more advanced thinking skills when learning new information and will focus less on the structure of the language. This approach is very student-centered as it depends entirely on the students’ ability to use the language. . Content-based instruction (CBI) is an effective means of second language teaching, but it is not enough. Middle and high school ESL students also need skills...
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...academic texts – a purpose that remains until today. Indeed, several publications focus on the instrumental approach across different fields of knowledge, taking as its basis not only reading and its strategic competences but the learning of language structures that might contribute to an efficient reading process. On digital distance learning, the instrumental approach to ESP is yet predominant which can be explained by the novelty of the modality in the country in the sense that time to adjust to the possibilities virtual learning environments provide us with is still required. That is the context of our teaching for the Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Educação in their distance learning program. Our paper aims at discussing the relevance of reading and reading strategies according to students’ own opinions and the theoretical considerations of KLEIMAN (2013), SOLÉ (1998) on reading as a process; JUNIOR (1999), LEFFA (1996), CHAVES (2006), on ESP and reading. Keywords: distance learning; English language; reading strategies. ESP: history, features and Brazil Learning English as a second or foreign language has become a world-wide necessity. Whether living in a country that speaks English as their official language such as The Unites States or India, or that uses it for international communication such as Brazil or Japan, if academic or professional development is under consideration, so will be speaking and communicating in English. This need however...
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... ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE TEACHING PROJECT TOPIC: “TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN SOCIO-LINGUISTIC CONTEXT” SUBMITTED BY: GAURAV .N. SHIMPI CHECKED BY: PROF. DIPTI PETHE YEAR : 2012 -2013 INDEX Introduction Aims and Objectives Meaning and Nature of Language English Language and Literature in India Role of Language in Teaching Literature Sociolinguistic Contest in Learning and Teaching English Language Conclusion Bibliography INTRODUCTION Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society. Sociolinguistics differs from sociology of language in that the focus of sociolinguistics is the effect of the society on the language, while the latter's focus is on the language's effect on the society. Sociolinguistics overlaps to a considerable degree with pragmatics. It is historically closely related to linguistic anthropology and the distinction between the two fields has even been questioned recently. It also studies how language varieties differ between groups separated by certain social variables, e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, age, etc., and how creation and adherence to these rules is used to categorize individuals in social or socioeconomic classes. As the usage of a language varies from place...
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...from one Country to another often experience feelings of alienation and displacement. These people have to deal with separation from their native culture. They have to live in a society established by foreigners. Along with this, most have to learn a new language as well. In Clark Blaise’s short story titled: A Class of New Canadians, the main character is a young man in his thirties living in Montreal. He is teaching English as a foreign language to a variety of foreign students, two days a week. His name is Norman Dyer. Dyer seems to see himself as a “god”(34) to his students.They need to learn this new language and he is the one to teach them. His students come from a variety of different backgrounds. Some are French Canadians, more are South Americans. Others are Greeks, Germans, Spanish and French. One student, Mr. Weinrot, is from Israel and is having a difficult time with the course. He tells Dyer that he is not speaking much English at his job. He talks about when he went to work in Italy he spoke Italian. Other places he spoke Russian, German, Hebrew, Arabic in five dialects, and Danish. “So what’s the matter I can’t learn English?”(36) This particular student believes that “two years in a Country I don’t learn the language means it isn’t a Country.” (36) 2 Dyer is frustrated. He is an American himself and has been living in Montreal for the last eighteen months. He cannot understand why his students want to learn just enough English to be able to get a job in the...
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...English on Education in Ethiopia 1. Introduction Ethiopia is one of the diversified countries in Africa more than 80 languages are spoken and a diversified culture is experienced. The existing multiethnic and multilingual situation is a challenge to the education system of Ethiopia. Each region, state, city, district, school, and classroom faces a unique demographic situation. So educators locally are facing a different environment of diversity than portrayed even by the national profile. With the 1994 Ethiopian census indicating that some 77 tongues were spoken locally. Most of these languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic family (Semitic and Cushitic; Omotic languages are also spoken, though their classification is uncertain). Additionally, Nilo-Saharan languages are spoken by the nation's Nilotic ethnic minorities. English is the most widely spoken foreign language and is the medium of instruction in secondary schools and universities. Amharic was the language of primary school instruction, but has been replaced in many areas by local languages such as Oromifa and Tigrinya. After the fall of the Derg regime in 1991, the new constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia granted all ethnic groups the right to develop their languages and to establish mother tongue primary education systems. This is a marked change to the language policies of previous governments in Ethiopia. 2. Purpose of the study The major objective of the study will be to investigate...
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...Problem Introduction The word “language” seems to have been derived from the Latin words, “Lingua,” which implies “tongue “. The French term,” language” also refers to a specific from of speech .Hence, in the whole process of language teaching, spoken language occupies an important place. Ballard says,” talking comes before writing, oral composition before written composition.(Dash, 2004, p.165-166) Speaking is the productive skill in the oral mode. It, like the other skills, is more complicated than it seems at first and involves more than just pronouncing words Josh Billings says“Silence is one of the hardest arguments to refute”. Learning English as one's second language is not unusual in most places of the world. But learning English as one's second language and mastering it thoroughly is a distinguished achievement. By mastering, I mean that one is able to read, write and communicate unambiguously and effectively. In this case, only a few has accomplished due to many problems such as unavailability of native-English instructors in a country, a totally different language structure used at home and a limited amount of time studying English. The main reason why theFilipinos are employed abroad is their ability to speak and understand Englishand so when all countries in the world struggle to learn English (Rama 2000) We ,Filipinosshould not unlearn it. English is a global language and in the worlds of former...
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...ZUCC English Majors’ TEM-4/8 Performances 姓 名 俞星星 学 号 30608160 专业班级 英语0603 所在学院 外国语学院 指导教师（职称） 指导教师（讲师） 二○一○年 五 月 二十 日 毕业设计（论文） 开 题 报 告 （包括选题的意义、可行性分析、研究的内容、研究方法、 拟解决的关键问题、预期结果、研究进度计划等） RESEARCH PROPOSAL An Analysis of English Majors’ Writing Ability and Improvement Strategies: A Case Study on ZUCC English Majors’ TEM-4/8 Performances 1. Purpose and Significance Thanks to the globalization, the demand for the bilingual workers is on the rise. As English majors, we believe that what we can do to be more competitive in this increasingly globalized world is to have a solid command of this language. The certificates such as TEM-8(Test for English Majors Band Eight) is a must but what really matters is what ability the students really have possessed and could be employed at ease. Upon reflecting on the TEM-4 (Test for English Majors Band Four) /TEM-8 scores the seniors have acquired, we clearly learn that there is still quite a room for improvement, especially when it comes to writing. Some students still find it tough to put pen into the paper and work out a satisfactory essay; some are hard-pressed to express themselves smoothly in the writing; still some tend to produce Chin-glish works. Actually, all these are standing in the way of global communication and cultural interaction, which may be a major part in our future work. Therefore...
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...Internet in Learning/teaching English Language Abdullah Ibrahem Alorini Imam Mohammed Bin Saud Islamic University Introduction The Internet offers tons of information and unlimited resources that people can use in order to expose them to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. People need to be acquainted the use of computers to enhance language acquisition. The aim of this paper is to prove that Internet is a great influence to Enhance English communication skills through their exploration of the Internet that will ultimately help them improve communication skills and enrich their vocabulary. The Internet offers tons of information and unlimited resources that people can use in order to expose them to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. People need to be acquainted the use of computers to enhance language acquisition. (Mei Lin, Caroline. 2007) Literature Review In a Study by Yi Zhou about Attitudes and Motivation toward learning a second language in an internet-based informal context: Perception of University ESL Students done in university of Windsor, Ontario, Canada; the study investigates the motivational factors for learning English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL). One of the purposes of the study is to benefit the educators and the instructors to gain a better understanding of the characteristics inherent to a internet-based concept to help support language learning motivation...
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...INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG School of Business and Management INDONESIABUSINESSCASECENTER (IBCC) LB LIA Buahbatu: Surviving in a Harsh Environment It was a bright Monday morning on January 2011 when Iwan enters his office room. In his desk there is a consolidated report of the LB LIA branch performance during the previous year. When he read the report he let out a silent sigh, his fear has turn into a reality. The amount of enrolled student has dropped again, and since the primary source of income for an English course such as LIA is the course fee paid by students that means net profit has dropped as well. Iwan has become the branch manager of the LB LIA Buahbatu branch for more than 15 years. The branch was open in 1990; in the early days acquiring potential customers is easy, just by doing promotion using pamphlet, banner, and brochure students already lined up during the placement test date. At some point LIA Buahbatu even have to decline a student application to enroll because there is no more available space. Sadly this situation does not last forever. Since 2001 – 2010 LIA Buahbatu experienced a steady decline in the amount of enrolled student. Compared to 2001 the amount of student in 2010 has dropped up to 36%, and since the primary source of income for an English course such as LIA is the course fee paid by students that mean net profit has dropped as well, in 2010 the net profit for LIA Buahbatu has declined up to 32% compared against 2001. This case...
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