...of gas which is more than enough for America’s citizen to receive energy for 50 year or further. U.S. is the world’s largest economy that have a good prime market, political stability, military strength, foreign investment, international trade and many more. Plus it all started in 1932 when Joseph Schumpeter an American develop the innovation concept of fracking. France, Bulgaria and Poland have the largest shale reserves in European. France was banned fracking in 2001 due to environmental awareness and Bulgarian too banned in 2012 for the same reasons. Poland also has been banned from using fracking because they are protecting their quality water supplies and currently being managed by coal for power energy. Other than that, China also have a large shale gas reserve at about 1,275 trillion cubic feet. It have not yet been develop so China lose the availability of cheap natural gas. 2. Which countries gain and which countries lose from the availability of cheap natural gas? Based on the case study Germany has gradually shutter all its nuclear power plants and increase reliance on solar and wind energy because their underground water are world famous breweries and they wanted to look after it. Other than that, in India they gained an unexpected discovery of profit by supplying guar to United State. They used it as a thickening agent for fracking process, to have a smoother managing process. Russia’s Gazprom is suspended from the delivery of natural gas because of the...
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...Problems and Solutions when Fracking to Produce Natural Gas English 215 7 December 2013 Professor Jordan Problems and Solutions when Fracking to Produce Natural Gas In light of the reality of a brutal U.S. Economy and dismal employment numbers, as well as soaring gas prices, it has never been more important than now to aggressively pursue energy independence. One way to do this is to expand fracturing. While this concept is popular in some circles, be they economists or politicians, it is not popular with all, and therein lays the challenge. Where there is challenge though there is also opportunity, and where a problem is identified, a solution must be offered. Does this concept of fracturing make sense to pursue? Yes it does, and we will explore the fracking of shale as a national policy, the challenges thereof, and look at some possible solutions that our lawmakers embrace. We will begin with a brief historical overview of the fracturing of shale. Fracturing in the United States is not exactly unknown, as hydraulic fracturing began in this country 130 years ago, making us the most “fracked” country in the world. Large scale fracking began in earnest though in the 1980s, when Mitchell Energy Development Corporation used this technology on the Barnett Shale play in Texas. What is the current status of shale fracturing? The United States in the past 130 years has produced more than 839 trillion cubic feet of gas (TCFG). Shale gas production is expected to...
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...companies be allowed to engage in fracking, or should the United States ban the practice? Should certain regulations be put in place? Defend your answer using examples from the text. Fracking, like many other business solutions is a catch 22 however, I think it is worth researching instead of banning it completely. Fracking seems to have quite a bit of benefits to our economy lowering the unemployment rate and creating 600,000 jobs. It also gives the US a leg up in natural gas production making us less reliable on foreign oil and other countries and making the US the lead in natural gas production. As a result, fracking is a way for the US to slow down our damage to the environment and is a way to grow our economy. For that reason, I believe it should still be an option for oil companies to venture into. I think with research as to how fracking can be done without damaging the earth’s tectonic plates and possibly finding sites far from residential homes where fracking can take place without hurting our other natural resources, the US can find a way to fracking an all around good resolution to two of our nations biggest problems. 2. While fracking might have flown under the radar during the Industrial Revolution, the relationship era requires companies to build long-term relationships with customers—some of whom may oppose the practice. Imagine that you’re a marketing manager for a gas company that is about to venture into fracking. What steps will you take to...
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...Introduction I will discuss the process of fracking as well as why it should or should not be introduce to the U.K. I believe the dangers that come with fracking outweigh the benefits it would bring to the U.K. Even though the benefits of the economical side to fracking would benefit many in this economy, fracking should not take place in the U.K. due to environmental aspects which lead to serious dangers. What is fracking With all the controversy that comes with fracking first we must understand what fracking is . http://www.what-is-fracking.com/ indicates to us that Fracking is when natural gas is being extracted from shale rocks layers deep inside the earth. Fracking differentiates itself by drilling horizontally for more than a mile which makes it reach deeper into the earth, whereas modern day vertical drilling is unable to do so. Hydraulic fractures in shale plays that were once not available for exploration are now available due to the advancements of the drilling technology industry. One of the issues with established drilling was how slow they would extract natural gas using highly pressurized fluids, since...
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...US economy affects world economy. The predicted recession may result in crashing stock markets, bankrupt businesses, and increased unemployment, poverty and mortality rates worldwide, due to hunger, depression, suicide and lack of resources. My choice would be the “fracking” proposal which can avert the recession & boost the economy. “Green Wind Turbine” would be unsuccessful during recession, since its expense is more than its revenue. And, without economic viability all other stakeholders’ interests are lost. Utilitarianism supports “fracking” as it produces “greatest good for the greatest number”. In the end it will create millions of jobs, help boost economy, meet Canadian and US oil needs and supports ‘energy security’. We cannot address all concerns from all stakeholders at all times. “fracking” serves the majority of Primary and Secondary stakeholders which have a higher priority in the stakeholder typology. The non-social stakeholders are dormant and are a minority. Utilitarianism being a consequential principle focuses on the ends, and ignore the means. The shortcoming of “fracking” is that on the way to boost economy via oil production, it’s also boosting environmental and ecological dangers. Emissions, pollution, wastes, chemicals, contamination are bi-products of oil extraction by “fracking”. This principle drives us to ignore the primary and secondary non-social stakeholders and may cause an irreversible damage, while focussing on producing utility for the majority...
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...Fracking is something heard about regularly on the news, is a topic of discussion many may not completely understand. “Fracking is the process of drilling down into the earth before a high pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the gas inside,” (BBC, 2015). The way fracking works is: water, sand, and chemicals are injected into the rock (many times, shale) at high pressure which allows the gas to flow to the top of the well. Fracking can be carried out vertically or, by drilling horizontally into the rock layer which can create new pathways to release gas or can be used to extend existing channels. (BBC, 2015). Hydraulic fracking is unique compared to more common means of drilling due to it being based on finding a large...
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...FRACKING: GOOD THING Natural gas is rapidly emerging as a major fuel of the world economy, meeting the rising requirements of natural gas is hard to achieve. Fracking is one of the most important technologies for natural gas production. Fracking has been used widely in oil and gas industry for decades; it is a technique used to get gas and oil from shale rock. The process of fracking is injecting the mixture of water, sand and chemicals into the rock at a high pressure to release gas (BBC, 2013). Fracking technology experiences long time of development. In 1947, Stanolind Oil conducted the first experimental fracturing to stimulate natural gas; in 1949 Halliburton conducted the first commercial fracturing to extract natural gas (Montgomery and Smith, 2010). Until 2003 fracking was used widely, energy companies actively expand natural gas exploration in Texas and Pennsylvania (Eecworld, 2010). fracking played an important role in America's natural gas resources for many years and countries such as Canada, England and China are actively pursuing implementation of fracking. Nationally, fracking can boost energy industry and promote economic grow in countries. However, like any advanced technology, it can also raise environmental concerns, cause water and air pollution. Therefore, whether the advantages of fracking worth the disadvantages? Yes, it worth. fracking is good, so it should be used on a massive scale to contribute to the increasing demands of energy. There are three economy...
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...below the surface. Oil and gas companies are interested in retrieving the oil and gas from a layer of shale and dense rocks at depths of 10,000 feet. The oil companies are retrieving the oil and gas from the shale and rock using a method known as hydraulic fracturing (fracking). This method was developed over 60 years ago. The process of fracking injects water, sand, and chemicals through a cement casing or tubing into shale and dense rocks, cracking the shale and rocks to open the pores, allowing the oil and gas to flow more freely to the surface (Svoboda). Even though the oil companies are using less invasive chemicals, leaving behind fewer toxins, they are still using chemicals with health risks attached such as ethylene glycol. The other health concern today is the dumping of wastewater that comes from the fracking process. There were more than 1,000 reported spills or illegal dumps of wastewater and other drilling fluids in 2011, just in the state of North Dakota. This contaminated water has to go somewhere, and it is likely going into our groundwater, killing our wildlife, aquatic life, and sterilizing our croplands (Kusnetz). We agree that oil and gas development is a good thing for our state and our economy. It has brought in millions of dollars in revenue and taxes, infusion of jobs and major growth to our moribund local businesses. North Dakota is second, only behind Texas in the...
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...Research Paper on Fracking Fracking has become a popular way to access petroleum and certain natural gases that were economically inaccessible before. The depth of these gases were at shale level (Shale Formation level is a layer of the Earth’s crust that has been previously too deep to access fully). Fracking is a development that can now easily reach that depth. Currently it is a popular method because the only alternative to Fracking is the Horizontal Drilling Method; though, fracking is the best method. Fracking is actually very similar to horizontal drilling, but on a much larger and far more complex scale. Fracking uses the same formation, with a bit more added to it. This addition is the result of a concoction contrived of water, sand, and chemicals. They, the hydraulic fracturing engineers, refer to this concoction as the Fracking Fluid. The main conflict behind the controversy of fracking’s existence is the Fracking Fluid. An estimated, more than 90% of this fluid that is injected into the ground to keep the fractures open, stays in the ground post extraction.(Earthworks) This causes...
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...1, The economic arguments in favour of fracking Enter “fracking,” the process used to access the country’s massive natural gas and oil reserves and the latest energy extraction method to come under intense fire. Ironically, it’s because of fracking that the United States now has enough oil and gas to potentially meet what has been an insatiable need for energy. (1) The economic arguments concerning fracking can be derived from two aspects, national and international. Because everything related to a country’s economy is always from these two parts. National: 1, It has already driven down natural gas prices to the point where utilities are replacing dirty coal-fired power plants with cleaner natural gas-burning plans and increasingly vehicles are burning natural gas instead of dirtier gasoline. 2, As the shale gas is increasingly explored, the coal and other fuels will be replaced. It can lead to country becoming energy independent to reduce some threats. 3, Fracking is a big industry, which can give a boost to national and local economies in forms of revenue. 4, Fracking need much more people to join in to play different roles such as geologists, well drillers, office workers, truck drivers, construction workers. International: 1, This will reverse the global energy scarcity woes, rising shale gas production has increased alternative liquefied natural gas (LNG) supplies to Europe in the form of LNG displaced from the American market. (2) 2, For some country, it is...
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...Many people believe that fracking is very harmful to the environment and I agree with them. Fracking can contaminate nearby water and this in result will cause the water to be harmful to the individuals that drink it. Many politicians fight against allowing fracking to be done, but with high demand for oil many drilling companies lobby to go against any bans on fracking. To the environment it can be harmful if done wrong, but if done correctly than the benefits can outweigh the harm. Fracking is the process of drilling down into the earth, directed towards rocks, into a high pressure water mixture aiming to release gas out of the rocks, injecting water, chemicals and sand. When fracking your goal is to extract the gas out of the rock using...
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...Fracking and its major implications it has on the earth In today’s day and age, societies are a lot more aware of the environment and furthermore, concerned for the Earths sustainability. Although this is the case for most, Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) often target developing countries that are rich in resources and therefore take them for all they’ve got. One such example is fracking the earth, in order to extract natural gases that could potentially benefit corporations and contribute to their bottom line dramatically. Although this has it’s positives, the implications of fracking could have incredibly serious repercussions, particularly the preservation of the earth and it’s current resources. “Fracking” is the process in which one would drill thousands of meters below the earth’s surface and inject fluid that is then pumped into the shale at an incredibly high pressure, which then shatters the rocks in order to release shale gas. This particular natural gas is trapped within sedimentary shale rock formations and is found richly in many areas of the world. Fracking breaks most of the regulations in the sustainable environments handbook, and as you can imagine, this causes a massive up brawl in the societies that are pro-environment and sustainability. Although this point of view is prominent and relevant, the opposing side has an equally compelling argument. Global thoughts on the idea of fracking Globally, the topic is thought to be both “one of the best...
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...Fracking is defined as "the process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks, boreholes, etc., so as to force open existing fissures and extract oil or gas". This means that fracking is one of the methods used to gain access to the fossil fuels that help run our everyday lives. If you think about what you actually do on a daily basis practically everyone makes use of these fossil fuels routinely. Think about how it, many people drive to school or work, catch the bus, travel by train or airplane? Practically everyone across the globe definitely uses electricity to light and maintain and cool in their homes. In air traffic alone, today there are 5,000 airplanes flying through the sky at any given time and throughout the whole of 2016 alone there were 26,527 flights per day on average across the world! Now add all of the personal vehicles across the world and other means of transportation that all run on fossil fuel. Over the...
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...Hydraulic Fracturing or Hydro Fracking is a highly debated topic, even though it isn’t a new technology. In 1880 it was used as a way to enhance production to reactivate oil and gas. In the 1980’s experiments were performed in Texas in a large shale deposit called “Barnett Shale”. Today Hydrofracking is performed on shale deposits to remove fossil fuels. Even though hydro fracking has been around since 1860 the technique to get natural gas from shale is actually a new technology. There is much debate on whether hydrofracking is good or bad for the environment. Hydrofracking is the process of using fluids and water that is pumped at an extremely high pressure to crack or fracture the shale to get to the fossil fuel deposits inside of it. To get to the shale, companies have to drill deep into it before they can use the water to fracture it....
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...Fracking Before I began writing this paper I was neutral on the subject of natural gas fracking, I had never heard of it and had no idea how destructive this process of extraction was. The further I got on this report, the more furious I became that this was happening on US soil, and not only that but people in the highest levels of government were not only sanctioning it, but using their power in public office to advance the agenda of companies that they were either running before they cae into office, or companies that friends were running, or were just giving them kickbacks, which would be the only reason that anyone would let this go on. After doing just a small amount of research you realize rather quickly how detrimental this process is, not only to the environment, but to the helpless animals who had had wells built in their migration patterns. Not to mention the helpless children whos parents had no idea what the were getting themselves and their families into when they signed what appeared to be a harmless contract allowing a drilling company to put up a small rig on their property. Who didn’t realize that in a short amount of time they would be able to light the water coming out of their faucet on fire, that their animals would loose their hair, have problems eating and die. The fact that any human being would allow this to be done to other human beings all in the name of money is beyond me, but I’ll get into that later. What is hydraulic fracturing anyway? The...
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