...1) French government has changed dramatically over the last few decades. What is the current outlook for French government? Will this outlook strengthen or weaken French national identity? 2) What problems has unification caused Germany? Given the current struggle to unite East and West, what must happen to keep Germany the vibrant democracy it is today? 3) In Japan, much has changed in the post-war period, especially in regard to the role of women in the workplace. What has changed for women during this time? How and why are these changes positive or negative? What will be the larger impact of these changes? 4) With Russia’s recent invasion of Georgia, Putin’s reputation comes under question. Though he has made great strides to move Russia firmly from Communism to capitalism, what struggles will future leaders face given Russia’s new reputation? I believe the current outlook for the French government is reserved. Their economy has been stagnant, but is beginning to show signs of modest growth. The French people have generally shown reluctance or resistance to bold reforms, so the government is cautious and perhaps even slow to make the changes needed to advance France as a global competitor and strong member of the European Union. In many ways, it is a time of uncertainty in France and I believe this also makes it impossible to predict the future of the French national identity, especially as their identity is tied to the national debate over universalism and multiculturalism...
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...Usama Rehan Khan 4650578 | TBS905 ------------------------------------------------- A Comparative Analysis of UAE and France Economies Submitted to: DR. Asima Shiraz Usama Rehan Khan 4650578 | TBS905 ------------------------------------------------- A Comparative Analysis of UAE and France Economies Submitted to: DR. Asima Shiraz Contents Abstract 2 Introduction to UAE Economy 2 Introduction to French Economy 2 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 3 Components of GDP 4 Consumption 4 Private Investments 4 Government Expenditures 5 Net Exports 6 Unemployment 7 Inflation 8 Exchange Rate 8 Critical Analysis of Economies 10 France 10 United Arab Emirate 11 Abstract This paper is an attempt to give the comparative analysis of the economies of France & UAE. Both economies vary in their structure, size and opportunities. This work tries to elaborate the economies by discussing variable like GDP, Inflation, Exchange Rate and Unemployment. It tries to give a clear picture of the past trends, factors influencing the variations and future predictions. It also involves the critical analysis of both the economies that what current scenario would shape up the future. Introduction to UAE Economy The UAE has an open economy with high sizable annual trade and per capita income. Since the discovery of oil in UAE more than 30 years ago the country has achieved economic diversification and reduced the contribution of oil and gas to GDP to 25 percent...
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...1. Executive Summary France is one of the world’s five leading economies, as measured by GDP, has highly developed social and welfare model and is led by the socialist government. Though it scores well against numerous indicators of well-being, the state of economy is far from optimal. In this report we provide the brief economic outlook of France in 2014. It shows that the main challenges are the big budget deficit that leads to high government debt, too-high-taxes that slow the growth of the economy in all sectors, huge unemployment level and negative trade balance. Though in 5 years the economic situation is likely to improve comparing to today’s level, we forecast that the pace will be slower than needed. The structural reforms should be performed as soon as possible. We recommend use the supply-side policies, that concentrate on deregulation of the labor market, downsizing the government sector’ share in the economy by privatization of public enterprises and services, and lowering the tax rates. We believe these measures will help to boost the competitiveness of French companies and products in domestic and world markets, and will improve the growth of France’ economy in the medium and long term. 2. Current state of economy France continues to underperform in 2014. In October 2014 the ratings agency Standard and Poor’s lowered its outlook from “stable” to “negative,” saying its financial recovery is “elusive”. Main indicators please see in Appendix 5.1. GDP...
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...Marketing Plan for the Sale of Greek Yogurt in France Table of Contents: Introduction 2 A. Country outlook A.1. Cultural Environment 2 A.2. Economic Environment 3 A.3. Legal/Political Risk 5 A.4. Relevant Data on Communications and Transportation 6 A.5. Country Fit 7 B. Market Analysis B.1.1. Market Description 8 B.1.2. Profile of Prospective Buyers 10 B.1.3. Market Trends 11 B.1.4. Distribution 11 B.2. Competition 12 C. Marketing Mix C.1. Strengths and Weaknesses 13 C.2. Marketing Objectives 13 C.3. Product 14 C.4. Price 14 C.5. Promotion 15 C.6. Place/Distribution 15 Conclusion 15 References 16 Introduction In this course, we are called to develop an international marketing plan to export a product produced in Greece and specifically greek yogurt in France. We should study the procedures that a manager should follow in order to organize this plan. At first, it is important to evaluate the outlook of France, focusing on cultural and economic environment, relations between Greece and France, legal and political risks and forms under which trade could be performed. The examination of country – product fit, is followed by market analysis, meaning the...
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...Introducing Victoria’s Secret in France By: Kaitlin McDonald Rachel Pelkey Milena Peneva Prepared for the partial fulfillments for the requirements for: IBMK-421-AE International Marketing Spring 2010 Table of Contents: Executive Summary Company Overview Assessment of Domestic Business Climate Purchasing Power Related Macro Level: GDP Related Sector & Industry Distribution Unit Level: GDP Related (per capita) Consumption Expenditure Budget Allocation French Buying Decisions Industry Specific Outlook: Lingerie and France Overview Buying Preferences Market Size Related: Population Growth Rate Age Distribution Birth Rate Sex Ratio Urbanization Migration Rates and Patterns Management of Economy Fiscal Policy: Government Budget and Debt Taxation Monetary Policy: Inflation Assessment of International Business Climate Exported Related Imported Related Government Policies toward Imports Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Volume – Inflows and Outflows Trends Sectorial Distribution Government Policy toward FDI Balance of Payment Current Account Capital Account Official Reserve Position External Debt/ Debt Service Ratios Membership in International Organizations Demand Forecasting Entry Strategy Marketing Mix Strategies Product Channels Promotion Pricing Financial Outcome Executive Summary With a...
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...resistance to French colonization, fighting Japanese occupation in WWII, the war with the United States and regional conflicts involving Cambodia and China, Vietnam was left with little time for nation building. Recently, Vietnam has finally experienced an extended period of peace and is using this opportunity to emerge from obscurity and become a major player in the world economy. The nation of Vietnam, officially called the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is located on the eastern side of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. Vietnam is bordered to the north by People’s Republic of China, to the northwest by Laos, to the southwest by Cambodia and to the east by the South China Sea. Vietnam’s long coastline with the South China Sea is of strategic importance as this allows for significant control of this body of water (Burke, 2011). The location of Vietnam was also considered of vital importance during the Cold War. Many politicians and military officials believed that if Vietnam fell to the communists that a domino effect would begin and several other East Asian countries would become communist as well (Moise, 2011). This theory led to the Vietnam War which greatly impacted the history of Vietnam. This war, however, was but one chapter in the Vietnamese struggle for a unified and independent nation. At the beginning of the 20th century Vietnam was a French colony and been a part of French Indochina since 1887 (CIA, 2005). The French established a plantation economy setting...
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...The Rise and Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte The great French military leader Napoleon Bonaparte had initially capitalized on the changes of the French Revolution to improve the lives of French citizens. But over time, Napoleon's lust for power overcame his good economic, political and military accomplishments, and his transformation into a selfish dictator led to his fall. Napoleon was born on 15th August 1769 at Ajaccio on the island of Corsica, he was the second son (having 7 siblings) of a lawyer who had minor connections to the aristocracy and was far from wealthy (Dugdale). His family was radical in outlook and as a young man he strongly identified with his Corsican heritage. Thanks in part to his mother’s adultery with the French military governor Comte de Marbeuf he began his military education at Brienne military academy and later in 1784 at the Military school in Paris, and he worked hard to complete his studies in a further year rather than the required three years (Dugdale). This was the natural choice of service for the young Bonaparte as he was gifted at science and mathematics, which were essential skills for any artillery officer of the time (Dugdale). The young Napoleon spent much of the next 8 years in Corsica supporting the Corsican rebel Pasquale Paulo who had been a patron of Napoleon's father. When the revolution broke out the Bonaparte family fled to France and Napoleon became opposed to Pasquale. He would quite likely have...
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...Perspectives on the French Economy National Economic Analysis for International Business Glen Letterle Ingrid Smith Brooke Thedford Patricia Lewis Introduction The current French economy is a mixed system of public, private and state owned organizations. Although the government plays a larger role in funding and sharing some ownership with public firms, France continues to be both capitalistic and market-oriented. Frances current GDP is about 2.9 trillion dollars (U.S.), which grew by 2% from 2013. Their population is roughly 66.2 million people and the average income is high, around $44,000 per capita. Of the total population, about 56%, or 37 million, are considered to be total labour force. As of 2013, almost 10% (3.7 million), of the labour force were unemployed. France belongs to the financial regulatory environment of Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF), which, “regulates, authorises, monitors, and, where necessary conducts investigations and issues sanctions”. Congress created the AMF authority in 2003. According to the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom, “France’s economic freedom has waned as the size and reach of government have expanded”. This has been attributed to a decrease in the amount of youth working and issues with private sector expansion. The government provides many utilities, social programs, educational institutions and services while aiding in control of their markets through fiscal policies. France best fits the market-oriented structure...
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...control on the economy, while conservatives favored laissez faire ideas that included as little interference as possible. A guiding principle for both sides was women’s rights, which argued to vastly improve society for the common people. One important argument was the radical idea of socialism, or a government controlled economy. Socialists believed that help from the lawmakers was necessary to guarantee economic safety in the working class. Saint-Amond Bazard, a French social theorist, disbelieved in the success of a laissez faire style economy and asked “…what do we do with the thousands who are starving?”(Doc 3). Knowing this speech would be heard by the public, the importance of the starving thousands is increased. Working and middle class citizens wanted true equality and a break from their never-ending work cycles. Louis Blanc stated in the introduction to The Organization of Labor, “in the regime of inequality within which we are all vegetating, there are weak persons who need a social force to protect them…” (Doc 7). This reveals his socialist tendencies in politics and hints to his belief of laws that control the economy for the greater good, much like the ideas of Jeremy Bentham. This working-together, Socialist mentality collaborates with nationalism in The Workers’ Program by Ferdinand Lassalle, “A state ruled by the working class … would make this moral nature of the states its mission.”(Doc 9). Overall, the belief of a government-ensured economy would...
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..."The Diamond Model of Porter – Four Determinants of National Competitive Advantage Four attributes of a nation comprise Michael Porter's "Diamond" of national advantage. They are: 1. Factor conditions (i.e. the nation's position in factors of production, such as skilled labour and infrastructure), 2. Demand conditions (i.e. sophisticated customers in home market), 3. Related and supporting industries, and 4. Firm strategy, structure and rivalry (i.e. conditions for organization of companies, and the nature of domestic rivalry). Factor Conditions Factor conditions refers to inputs used as factors of production – such as labour, land, natural resources, capital and infrastructure. This sounds similar to standard economic theory, but Porter argues that the "key" factors of production (or specialized factors) are created, not inherited. Specialized factors of production are skilled labour, capital and infrastructure. "Non-key" factors or general use factors, such as unskilled labour and raw materials, can be obtained by any company and, hence, do not generate sustained competitive advantage. However, specialized factors involve heavy, sustained investment. They are more difficult to duplicate. This leads to a competitive advantage, because if other firms cannot easily duplicate these factors, they are valuable. Porter argues that a lack of resources often actually helps countries to become competitive (call it selected factor disadvantage). Abundance generates waste and scarcity...
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...The theory of international trade: 1. Mercantilism Theory. 2. Absolute Advantage Theory. 3. Comparative Advantage Theory. 4. Heckscher-Ohlin's Theory 5. Porter’s Diamond of Competitive Advantage Theory. Mercantilism The first theory of international trade ,mercantilism, engaged in England in the Mid 16th century holding that a countries wealth is measured by its holdings of treasure which usually means its gold & silver. The principal assertion of mercantilism was that gold and silver were the mainstays of national wealth and essential to vigorous commerce. At that time gold & silver were the currency of trade between countries,a country could earn gold & silver by exploiting goods. Conversely, importing goods from other countries would result in a outflow of gold & silver to those countries.The main tenet of mercantilism was that it was in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus,to export more than it imported.By doing so,a country would accumulate gold and silver and, consequently ,increase its national wealth, prestige & power. Government policies: Consistent with this belief, the mercantilism doctrine advocated government intervention to acieve a surplus in the balance of trade.The mercatelists saw no virtue in a large volume of trade.Rather they recommended policies to maximize exports and minimize imports.To achieve this. import were limited by tarrif and quotas.while exports were subsidized. The concept of Balance of Trade: ...
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...The US economy is expected to grow at a really slow pace given the fiscal outlook and government cuts in spending. It is unlikely that there will be a government stimulus package in 2012 and the reason being a divisive politics in congress and also the piling up of the public debt. Fiscal policy in the past years helped to stimulate the economy especially after the inauguration of Barack Obama. Obama signed into law 787 billion dollar stimulus package in 2009 and helped the economy to gain a boost. The following year the economy stayed kind neutral and in 2011 it was slowing down and losing points gained in the previous years. In 2012 economists are looking forward to the decisions made by government. If the Obama stimulus package that’s about creating jobs, cutting taxes on the middle class people and taxing the rich more will help to neutralize the economy. But that’s unlikely and it will have dragged the current economy to its lowest in three years. The European Debt Crisis The Economic health of Europe is important to the prosperity of US. Europe's ills already have damaged some U.S. interests, from multinational companies to major exporters. Individual investors have many reasons for concern, as the enthusiasm from earlier debt agreements has given way to pessimism and stock market dives. If the U.S. economy takes such a turn into 2012, Europe's financial troubles could wind up affecting the U.S. presidential election. Big American banks have outstanding loans...
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...mutual respect plays a pivotal role in allowing the relationship to flourish. These changes are revised over time to enable the international relations not to be affected by adverse global developments. Ensuring a stable state of political affairs in Egypt shall be imperative in ensuring the relations do not deteriorate. The training that Canada appropriates for Egyptian diplomats should be given more emphasis. Egyptian borders should be rendered impervious to the ISIS onslaught. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Issues Affecting Business Relations between Canada and Egypt 4 Mutual Respect, Mutual Benefit 4 Common Interests 4 Changes over the Past Decade 5 Disarmament 5 La Francophonie 5 Other Areas of Cooperation 6 2025 Outlook 6 La Francophonie 6 Cultural Exchange 6 Recommendations 7 Political Stability 7 Middle East Tensions 7 Conclusion 7 References 8 Appendix 9 Introduction: How the Relationship between Canada and Egypt has developed, the Current Situation, and Expected further Developments (2005 – 2015) International relations between Canada and Egypt were forged during the construction of the Suez Canal, when Canada intervened to help solve a crisis in 1956 (Government of Canada, 2012). Both countries...
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...Topic: PIIGS (European debt crisis) 吳宇綸D0131292 劉昱顯D0131156 王謙 周雋彥D0125599 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Overview of the European sovereign debt problem 3. Relief measures of the European sovereign debt crisis 4. European debt crisis 5. Conclusion 6. References I. Introduction The PIIGS is a group that composed of five countries that have some commonality in location and economic environments. In this case, PIIGS includes Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain. The countries which be mentioned are all part of European Union members and have been noted for having weak economics and bad situation of financial problems. In 2008, economic crisis came to all over the world, during the worldwide economic crisis, Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain began to come out the grave and serious concern in the European Union refer to the enormous amount of sovereign debt that they were carrying. The problem with the PIIGS is that speculators dropped, compounding their debt issues and the situation might be much more worse. Many European Union members were also unwilling to rescue these struggling nations although when it became very clear that assistance would be needed. The sovereign debt crisis sparked a number of conversations about reforming financial policy in the European Union to prevent similar problems in the future. The members of PIIGS felt displeasure at the negative allusions and some have...
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...Prince Leopold, conversing with another noted that all the unappropriated lands on the surface of the globe may become the field of our operations and of our resources. He justifies such acquisitions by stating that he, representing Belgium, the universe lies in front of us; steam and electricity have made distances disappear. Being heir to the throne of Belgium, it is no shock that Prince Leopold supported imperialism since he wanted to gain unoccupied land to make Belgium's economy flourish.(doc.1) Other people like Joseph Chamberlain, a British industrialist and politician, were inspired to go to Africa to gain new raw materials and new markets to increase their gains industrially. In his speech he states that if the British want to prosper it would depend on imperialism, or at least half the population would be starved. Even though the economic markets never really took off concerning economic benefits, it was the potential that encouraged him, as well as others, to pursue colonies to ensure economic prosperity. As a British industrialist, Chamberlain would have naturally supported imperialism since he probably stood to gain economically from the continued growth of the British...
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