...economic growth. Crime increases during economic downturns. Crimes have tremendously affected the country’s economic growth. In a society like the Philippines, where poverty is a given, no second thought is needed to ascertain that in one way or another, poverty causes criminality. Poverty mirrors the economic status we have. Crimes are committed in areas where the urban poor live, and their occurrence is quite regular. Economic growth is determined how well a country mobilizes its resources to improve productivity in order to increase production of goods and services. Generally, resources include labor and human skills, capital, land and natural resources. The function of the government plays a central role in the design, management and delivery of crime preventions programs and policies. The Philippine government has long been ineffective in solving crimes, many of which are characterized as being heinous. Rampant crime has plagued practically all levels of Philippine society and their occurrences have been largely attributed to weak and useless system that characterized the government, especially those mechanisms within it that are meant to address the crime problem. The Government its function is to make laws, implement the law and execute it. And also provide for the welfare of the members of the society. Like the Government, Religion would also emphasize the role played by religious institution in providing social control, societal norms, and other things that are important...
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...1. ABORIGINAL 2.1 RELIGION Like the Hellenic religion of Ancient Greece, the early religion of the Filipinos was polytheistic. They worshipped different deities that have different domains and functions, often related to the daily lives of the believers. Bathalang Maykapal was superior to all other deities for he was believed to be the creator of earth and of man. Other deities were: Idiyanale, the god of agriculture; Lalahon, goddess of harvest; Balangaw, a rainbow god; Mandarangan, the god of war; Diyan Masalanta, god of love; Agni, the fire god; and many others. Objects of nature were to be respected. Old trees were considered “divine”. Anitos and diwatas, equivalent to our saints today, were offered prayers and food. Sacrificial rituals were performed by priests or priestesses called baylana or katalona. They believed in the immortality of the soul and in life after death. 2.2 SOCIO-POLITICAL ORGANIZATION The forms of government during this time were aristocracy (in which power is in the hands of a small, privileged, ruling class) and plutocracy (in which society is ruled and dominated by the small minority of the wealthiest citizens). These privileged people were the nobles. They were the chieftains of the barangay, along with their families. They enjoyed rights that were not usually enjoyed by the other members of the society. In the Tagalog region, they usually carried the title of Gat or Lakan. They wielded tremendous influence in the society. Next to the...
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...address conflict resolution is indispensible. The establishment of this formal institutions is based on the social contract theory wherein the government is duty bound to maintain order in a community and to protect and enforce the fundamental rights of its inhabitants in exchange for the surrender of some rights of the latter. All these, follow the course of administration of justice. Administration of Justice examines the structure, function, laws, procedures, and decision-making processes of agencies that deal with crime management. Courts of justice plays a very important role in the administration of justice. Almost all countries experience problems in the administration of justice. The degree of seriousness of these problems varies depending on several factors. The most common among these problems is the increasing number of court dockets and flaws in the laws being interpreted and implemented. In the Philippines, Courts, in the administration of justice, follows a hierarchy of courts. There are four (4) levels of courts in the Philippines, wherein it is the Supreme Court that is at the apex of this four-tiered hierarchy. At the lowest level of the hierarchy are the first-level courts, consisting of the Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs), Metropolitan Trial Courts (MeTCs), and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts (MCTCs). These are basically called trial courts. These Trial Courts are the front liners in most of the civil and criminal cases filed in courts. However before a...
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...Philiipine Traditional Costumes The Philippine Costumes Barong Tagalog for Men Barong Tagalog, the official national costume of Filipino men, originated from the northern part of the Philippines, and is originally made of jusi or pineapple cloth called “pina” (woven from pineapple leaves). It is worn over a Chinese collarless shirt called camisa de Chino. It exhibits the loose, long lines of its Chinese sources, the airy tropical appearance of Indo-Malay costume, the elongated effect of Hindu dressing, and the ornamental restraint of European men’s clothing. Today, barong tagalong can come from different materials and different colors. It is usually used for formal occasion and meetings Mestiza The Mestiza Dress is a formal dress made of expensive lace and fabric adorned with embroideries. It is the sophisticated version of the national costume, the baro’t saya (blouse and skirt). Made more popular by former Philippine First Lady Imelda Marcos, some even called it Imelda dress or terno. Mestiza dress is known for its elegance and butterfly sleeves. It is usually worn for formal occasion Maria Clara Dress Maria Clara’s dress was named after a mestiza heroine of one of the novels of the Philippine National hero Dr. Jose Rizal. Its origin was the national costume of Filipino women which is baro’t (shirt) saya (skirt). The Maria Clara gown features a floor-length paneled skirt of silk or satin and it consists of four separate pieces: the collarless...
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...Advertising agency * is a service business dedicated to creating, planning and handling advertising (and sometimes other forms of promotion) for its clients. * is independent from the client and provides an outside point of view to the effort of selling the client's products or services. Advertising agency performs the following interrelated functions: * 1. Studying the client’s product or service to determined the relative advantages or disadvantages of the product. * 2. Analyzing the potential market for the client’s product or service. * 3. Giving advice on possible sources of distribution and sale of the client’s product. * 4. Advising the client on the types, kind , cost and effectiveness of the various media Available. * 5. Formulating a definite plan of presentation for the client’s product or service to prospective buyers. * 6. Executing plan. * 7. Cooperating with the chief client’s sales organization to secure the greatest amount of cooperation between the advertising campaign and sale effort which is made to the client. * 5. Formulating a definite plan of presentation for the client’s product or service to prospective buyers. * 6. Executing plan. * 7. Cooperating with the chief client’s sales organization to secure the greatest amount of cooperation between the advertising campaign and sale effort which is made to the client. Types of advertising agencies Full-service agencies * Most full-service...
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...Culture, Groups and Social Behaviors 1. Concept and characteristics of culture Culture is that complex whole which consists of knowledge, beliefs, ideas, habits, attitudes, skills, abilities, values, norms, art, law, morals, customs, traditions, feelings, and other capabilities of man which are acquired, learned and socially transmitted by man from one generation to another through language and living together as members of the society. * Culture is learned. * Culture is socially transmitted through language. * Culture is a social product. * Culture is a source of gratification. * Culture is adoptive. * Culture is the distinctive way of life of a group of people. * Culture is material and non-material. * Culture has sanctions and control. * Culture is stable yet dynamic. * Culture is an established pattern of behavior. 2. Components of culture * Norms- a rule or standard of behavior expected of each member of a social group. * Folkways the ways of living, thinking, and acting in a human group, built up without conscious design but serving as compelling guides of conduct. * Mores - the essential or characteristic customs and treaties of a community. * Positive mores or duty or the “Thou shall behavior” * Negative mores or taboo or the “Thou shall not behavior” * Laws – formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority. * Ideas, Beliefs, Values *...
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...POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Governance, politics and nation building: such serious terms that before were for adults only. It is because enough capacity, maturity, experience, strength and vitality are needed to perform these heavy tasks. Democracy in the Philippines contributed in paving the way for almost everyone to take part in these noble duties. Every Filipino is free to participate, support and lend a hand towards greater moral, social and economic achievement. With the freedom that we have, the youth had also been trained and entrusted to perform such duties for years, in hope and belief that they are the future builders of this country. This has been a part of our culture and politics. In fact, Philippines pioneered the youth participation in local governance which means that our country has been investing in young people for decades. Thanks to that famous line of our great national hero, “The youth is the hope of the nation.” Perhaps, that very line of Dr. Jose P. Rizal is what inspired the creation of Sangguniang Kabataan. Former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos believed in the capability of youth in leadership when he enshrined youth participation in politics. The Kabataang Barangay (KB) or “Village Youth” was a youth organization at the grassroots level created in 1975. A decade after, Sangguniang Kabataan or SK has been POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES institutionalized in relation...
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...Professional Resume Contact Details | | | | Name | : | Saraom, Michael Gama | | Email | : | mgzsaraom@rocketmail.com | | Telephone No. | : | 083- 878 0386 | Mobile No. | : | +639195974038 | Address | : | Blk 3 Lot 32 Issabella Homes Subd, San Isidro,, General Santos City 9500, Philippines | | | | Personal Particulars | | | Date of Birth | : | 26 Nov 1981 | Gender | : | Male | Nationality | : | Philippines | Marital StatusPassport No. | : : | MarriedWW0524430 | Permanent Residence | : | Blk 3 Lot 32 Issabella Homes Subd, San Isidro,, General Santos City 9500, Philippines | Religion : Pentecostal/Christian | | | | Experience | | | | | Experience Level | : | Total 13 Year(s) of Work Experience Including my part time Jobs. | | | Employment History | | 1. | Company Name | : | Chin H Meen & sons Ltd. | From/To | : | Aug 2009 to Aug 2012 | | Position Title | : | Branch Manager | Position Level | : | Manager | | Specialization | : | Sales - Retail/General | | Role | : | Management | | Industry | : | Retail / Merchandise | | | : | | | Work Description | : | 1. Manage selling and customer service activities and staff competence in these areas, so as to optimise and sustain sales performance, profitability and customer satisfaction. 2. Plan and implement shop merchandising, lay out and customer traffic flow so as to maximise sales, customer...
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...Is it fisheries and agriculture or oil? On the same note, culture does not only tackle arts, norms and religion. Neither does it plainly label a people. It influences a more common perspective including a people’s behavior and tastes. Having considered their behavior – how they think – and their tastes – what they prefer, these serve as the bases of what they need, want and desire. Consequentially, these needs, wants and desires create consumption. As consumption takes center-stage, it manufactures demand which triggers production. Lastly, politics is not solely bound to power and/or its allocation. Politics entails a government that is more than just a system of representatives chosen by a people. It brings forth important roles and functions of the government: stability of prices, employment and steady growth. All these things concern one thing – the economy. An economy refers to how wealth and resources within a region or country is allocated vis-a-vis production and consumption. It can also be regarded as a measure of how well a country has performed given a particular timeframe. An economy gives rise to the identity of a specific region or country. By and large, the government plays a vital role in the economy. Nonetheless, it is a collective effort among its branches. The executive branch, the legislative branch and the judicial branch all have respective functions and impact in the economy. For the purpose of this study, we are to focus only on the executive branch...
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...WHY EUTHANASIA SHOULD NOT BE LEGALIZED IN THE PHILIPPINES What is Euthanasia? According to merriam-webster dictionary online, euthanasia is the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy. It is commonly known as “mercy killing.” It could be either voluntary where a competent adult patient requests or gives informed consent to a particular course of medical treatment or non-treatment or involuntary if the decision is made without the consent of the person who is to die. The family resorts or consents the application of euthanasia if the patient is in a persistent vegetative state, brain death or coma. Actually, in most cases, the main reason is not because of the “mercy to the suffering of the person” but the incapacity to sustain financial need of the medication. The Philippines is considered as one of the developing countries until now and majority of the people belong to the poor families. But the question is, is it a valid reason for euthanasia to be legalized here in the Philippines? Is the financial incapacity of most of the Filipinos to spend for longer medication really a reasonable excuse? Many people will argue that Philippines really should legalize euthanasia given that it is a poor country and is not yet capable to provide enough medical assistance for everyone, especially to those patients that need longer hospitalization...
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...FRIENDLY REMINDERS Check-in time is at 2:00 PM. Check-out time is at 12:00 noon. All guests and their visitors must register at the Front Desk. All guests’ visitors staying after 10:00 PM must register at the Front Desk. Only cash and major credit cards are accepted as form of payment to the hotel. Personal checks are not accepted. Money, valuables and important documents may be kept in the safety box located inside the room or at the Front Desk. The hotel will not be responsible for any losses incurred by guests regarding items not deposited. Silence should be observed at all times. Privacy of other guests must be respected. Gambling is not allowed within the hotel premises. Possession of illegal drugs is not allowed within the hotel premises.the hotel reserves the right to report such activity to government authorities. In the event of a guest being taken ill in the hotel, please inform the manager on duty for proper assistance. Pets are not allowed within the hotel premises. Towels, linens and appliances should not be transferred to another guest room to avoid unnecessary charges. Amenities are provided for your comfort during your stay. Should you wish to purchase any of these items, please call the Front Desk. Any damages to the hotel ptoperty caused by the registered guests and/or the guest’s visitors shall be the responsibility of the registered guests. The hotel discoursges any private dealings between guests and hotel staff. Keycard must be surrendered...
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...Photography Photography * Transforms the passing moment of a three dimensional event into a frozen instant reduced in size on a flat piece of paper. * Transforms a three dimensional composition into two dimensional. Uses of Photography in the Philippines * Portraiture * In the Philippines, the first forms of photos were of the size of calling cards called cartes de visite (4” x 2 ½”) and the tarjeta (3 ½” x 5 ½”) used for mailing as a postcard. * In the 1800’s, photo studios sprouted in Sta. Cruz, Binondo and Quiapo. * Life-size photos are hung in living rooms and became status symbols. * Research and Documentation * Photo journalism became a field which shows a visualized history through photos captured in actual events. * Travel and Tourism * Photos are used widely to promote the beauty of the country like photos of colorful festival celebrations, beautiful tourist spots and night life posted in the net and magazines. * Propaganda * Used as an effective communication tool to promote political messages. * Photos are also incorporated in the campaign materials of the government. * Advertising * Photographs are used to sell products, services and personalities. * Billboards and print ads used photographs more than text to sell. * Artists’ tool and art medium * Augusto Fuster is the first painter who used photographs to composed pictures as paintings. * Photographs are also used by artists...
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...1 (This paper was presented during the SEACSN Conference 2004: “Issues and Challenges for Peace and Conflict Resolution in Southeast Asia”, at Shangri-La Hotel, Penang, Malaysia on 12-15 January 2004) Muslim Minority in the Philippines By Abhoud Syed M. Lingga Executive Director, Institute of Bangsamoro Studies How the Muslims as a minority situate themselves within the Philippine national community is the subject of discussion in this paper. A look into their views on their relations with the national community is helpful in understanding the conflict in Mindanao for this is the impetus in their assertion for their right to self-determination. Minority Communities We find minority communities within the borders of many countries today. These minority communities can be classified broadly into three major categories (Che Man 1990:1). The minority migrant populations are in the first category. During the colonial period, workers were recruited from other colonies to work in plantations, mining and other industries. In recent years, migration of peoples who are induced by pull factors like economic opportunities and liberal policies of countries of destination and the push factors in their own countries like violent conflicts, lack of economic opportunities and repressive government policies are observable. The migrant populations have no attachment to any portion of the territory of the host country. Their concerns are the acceptability by and equal rights with the dominant majority...
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...CHAPTER 9 THE PHILIPPINE SOCIETY UNDER THE AMERICAN RULE Having proclaimed that the Philippines will be kept by the United States, President McKinley started the task of governing the colony. In his address before the 4th session of the 76th U.S. Congress, McKinley stated America’s aims concerning the Philippines. “The Philippines is ours not to exploit, but to develop, civilize, educate, and to train in the science of self-government.” In his instructions to the First and Second Philippine Commissions, McKinley explained in effect that the U.S. came to the Philippines not to conquer the Filipinos, but to work for their benefit and welfare. The Military Government Following the surrender of Manila in August, 1898, President McKinley ordered the establishment of a military government here. Major General Wesley Merritt, the commander of U.S. forces in Manila, served as its first military governor. When Merritt left for Paris, France to brief the U.S. and Spanish peace commissioners on the conditions in the Philippines, he was succeeded by Major General Elwell Otis who served until May, 1900. The last American military governor was Major General Arthur MacArthur. He served until 1901. During its brief existence from 1898 to 1901, the military government accomplished the following among other things: 1. It reorganized the courts in the country. It established a Supreme Court composed of six Filipinos and three Americans. A Filipino, Cayetano Arellano, was named...
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...Companies Awarded by Philippine Quality Awards San Miguel Yamamura Asia Corporation (SMYAC) - a joint venture company of San Miguel Corporation (SMC) and Nihon Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. (NYG) - is the country's major manufacturer of glass bottles. Inaugurated in July 1991, it started commercial operations in July 1992. SMYAC designs and produces glass bottles for the food, beverage, spirit, and pharmaceutical industries - both for domestic and export consumption. Products are exported to the U.S.A., Southeast Asia, Australia, and Africa. The facility has the capability to produce glass bottles of different shapes, sizes, and colors. It is also capable of producing ultra-lightweight bottles called Glasslite and bottles with Applied Color Label (ACL) using heavy metal-free (HMF) paints. SMYAC's equipment are the most advanced in the Philippines as they are equipped with fully automated dust-free batch plant, an enclosed clean room, and state-of-the-art production and inspection machines from Europe, America, and Japan. In addition to this, SMYAC is equipped with an Electrostatic Precipitator (EP), an air pollution abatement system that performs the collection of combustion particles, which is recycled into minor raw materials used in glass production. For total quality and productivity management, SMYAC is one of the first companies in the Philippines to be certified in ISO 9000 by the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) through its accreditation in December of 1992 - merely six...
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