...Beginning and Evolution of film industry in sub-continent Introduction:- Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. The origin of the name comes from the fact that photographic film has historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema and the movies. Films are produced by recording actual people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using animation techniques and/or special effects. They comprise a series of individual frames, but when these images are shown rapidly in succession, the illusion of motion is given to the viewer. Flickering between frames is not seen due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. Film-A true art-form:- Film is considered by many to be an important art form; films entertain, educate, enlighten and inspire audiences. The visual elements of cinema need no translation, giving the motion picture a universal power of communication. Any film can become a worldwide attraction, especially with the addition of dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue. Films are also artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect...
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...Kent Tsao RTVF 271 The censorship in American Film The earliest motion picture was initially exposed by a Californian Eadweard Muybridge around the year of 1875 with the bet of whether or not all four hooves of a horse are off the ground during racing, which the idea was further developed by a well known inventor Thomas Alva Edison and one of his employees William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, who was an electrical engineer and photographer. After a series of experiments on the mechanics and the film medium itself, Edison’s company, not only invented the devices that fundamentally change the world like telephone and electric and etc., but also introduced the first ever motion picture apparatus, Kinetograph, therefore “movies in America were born.” (Jon Lewis, American Film 10) The year was 1891, only 16 years apart from Eadweard Muybridge’s unintended discovery. Since then, the wind of motion pictures had been blew to European countries like Great Britain and France. 1895, two French people, Auguste and Louis Lumiere, as known as the Lumiere brothers first showcased the motion pictures using Cinematographe to general public thus declared the era of silent movies. Soon a year later, in 1896, Thomas Edison also showcased the motion pictures to the general public with Vitascope, the first time in America cinema history. After the success of nickelodeon parlors and other film houses, the early movies play a significant role of “emerging consumer culture, in which one paid one’s...
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...Movies :entertaining people for the last few decades are more than moving pictures ,some movies depict history ,some tells us contemporary stories ,some show us the world around us, some shows us I them. People are emotionally attached to movies ,they make us laugh and cry at times. These sometimes affect us so deeply we start following the characters ,idolize them , we even find our stories in them. But I am quite sure very few people are aware of history of movies, they might even not be bothered .I was not bothered. But a movie intrigued me to want know about movies .It’s a movie about movies , movie about time . Hugo- is the movie my review is going to be about. It’s a movie about movies. The movie starts in a simple but surges through an extraordinary way. It starts with the tragic life of Hugo Cabret -who secretly lives in the eaves of Paris station winding the clocks. He’s trying to fix an automaton that his watchmaker father worked on before his death – a little mechanical man holding a fountain pen. Hugo believes the automaton will summon up a message from beyond the grave. Relying on his father's notebook for insight, he steals the required parts wherever he can, including from the shop of a toymaker who makes and sells mechanical toys. One day, he is finally caught by the bitter toymaker, Papa Georges , who has long known that Hugo robs him. Georges looks through Hugo's father's notebook, is evidently strongly affected by it, and keeps it despite Hugo's protests...
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...FLM 100: INTRODUCTION TO FILM HISTORY FLM 100: INTRODUCTION TO FILM HISTORY Author Note This paper was prepared for FLM 100: INTRODUCTION TO FILM HISTORY, MODULE 1, taught by MARC THOMSON. Directions: Using word processing software to save and submit your work, please answer the following short answer questions. All responses to questions should be one to two paragraphs, composed of five to seven sentences, in length. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments. 1. Explain the role of the Kinetoscope during the period of cinema's invention. How did the Kinetoscope modify the capabilities of earlier camera and projection systems? The Kinetoscope was designed to show moving photographs by Edison and his assistant Dickson, who did much of the work. Dickson used Eastman film that he sliced 1 inch wide. He spliced them from end to end, with four holes on either side of the frames in order for toothed gears to pull the film through. The Kinetoscope was activated by viewers putting a coin in the slot. The viewers viewed the short film through a peep hole. 2. What steps did France's Lumière brothers take to make cinema a commercially viable enterprise? What kinds of Lumière movies were the most popular? How did the Lumières' activities influence the development of world cinema? The Lumiere brothers invented a projection system which helped make cinema a commercially viable enterprise....
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...in 1891 to the development of the concept of continuity editing, there were many films made. I have watched 15 of these early films and got to know some filmmakers at that time, found out their distributions and photography techniques. These films can be divided chronologically, the earliest films in the period from 1891 to 1895, like Edison Kinetoscope Record of a Sneeze; films in the late 1900s, such as Wash Day in Mexico, and developed films at the beginning of 20th century, like Life Rescue at Long Branch. This study will focus on the characteristics of patterns, contrast of different films and the evolution of early cinema. It can be said that Thomas Alva Edison invented the kinetoscope involuntarily. He meant to provide a visual accompaniment for his phonograph, however, with the improvement done by Dickson, the viewing machine, or kinetoscope, emerged. Edison attempted to design a machine that can make images and sounds synchronized and recorded simultaneously. But, synchronization proved impossible and kinetoscope films seldom have sound. As the first motion-picture camera, the kinetoscope represents the big progress in the field of cinema, and it obviously has many advances. First, it used perforated film to accomplish the synchronization of camera and projector. Second, the frames were held intermittently. Because of the rapid transit through the camera, the unexposed film strips needs to be stopped before the lens for a second when the shutter opens to...
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...Semester Term Paper: Film Sound Katayoun Nawabi University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill On my honor, I have neither given nor received aid in completing this assignment. _____________________________ Katayoun Nawabi In analyzing film, critics constantly gloss over the importance of the use of sound. Those critics that do touch on the function of sound often underestimate its role in the overall impact of the film as a whole. There are those that are of the opinion that there has been little, if any, real contributions made by sound in film. Should sound have been added to film at all? A look back at the history of film, from silent movies to “talkies” to major motion pictures of the 1990s, will help establish the fact that film has not only benefited from the addition of sound, but has only gotten more sophisticated with time. “Reevaluating the role of sound in film history and according it its true importance is not purely a critical or historical enterprise. The future of cinema is at stake. It can be better and livelier if it can learn something valuable from its own past” (Chion, 1994, p. 142). There is no argument that, in cinema, it is the image that will continue to radiate power and spectacle. However, the technological and conceptual advances that have been made over the decades reinforce the fact that it is the role of sound to decorate the image and “show” us what it wants us...
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...are the Lumiere brothers who were some of the earliest contributors to cinema, Thomas Edison and George Melies. Melies was a part of inventing filmmaking but did not invent it on his own. George Melies, he was a pioneer from the earliest days of cinema. In fact, he is considered the father of film special effects, having invented many of the tricks that are still used today, and was the first filmmaker to send men into outer space. This sometimes forgotten cinéaste was a true giant in the earliest days of the medium. He was amazing in recognizing the possibilities of the medium for narrative and spectacle. He created the basic vocabulary of special effects, and a few years after Thomas Edison had built the Black Maria film studio, Melies built a glass-house studio, which proved to be the prototype of European studios of the silent era. The success of his films contributed to the development of an international market in films and did much to secure the ascendancy of French cinema in the pre-1914 years. Besides this historical contribution, Melies' films are the earliest to survive as a total, coherent artistic creation with their own validity and personality. His films had a visual style as distinctive as any French painter, and they retain a sense of fantasy, fun and nonsense whose exuberance is still infectious after a century. He was sent to London in 1884 to perfect his English and there he discovered stage illusion. He became very interested in magic...
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...While some movies adequately and accurately represent significant historical events, the movie industry is driven to capture the audience's attention; therefore, most movies represent and extend the truth rather than meticulously explain every single detail. However, the film-makers must do their research in order to grasp the audience without disappointing historians. Michael Bay, a popular American director is known for making movies that show extensive visuals and special-effects, and his 2001 film Pearl Harbor was no exception. Based on real historical events, the movie depicts the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The movie shows the United State's shock and bewilderment as Japanese attacked the naval base. While some facts were correct, (such as the number of Japanese plane losses) others stretched out the truth. In the movie Red Tails, a group of African-American aeronauts portray the experiences of the Tuskegee Airmen while in Italy. It shows how they had the will and patriotism, but were constantly torn down by racial segregation in the military. They received hand me down planes, and they were torn apart by journalists almost rendering them useless. In one particular scene, a black man walks into a bar...
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...second fastest growing economy in the world. The major global corporations opine that it will become a key market in the years to come, sweeping the global Entertainment world with its unlimited potential. As the Indian economy continues to perform strongly, the Indian middle class will also expand significantly. It is the growing consumer class with an increasing affinity to Entertainment that drives the Industry. This has resulted in an increase in the expenditures on entertainment. As a result of which the advertising revenues have also been on the rise. India is witnessing the growth of multiplexes that offer better viewing experience to the customers. The advent of many eminent players such as PVR, INOX, Satyam Cineplexes, and Shringar Films into the Industry has almost the changed the customer preferences for entertainment. It is worth mentioning that most of them have been setup in association with many shopping centres and malls in order to grab the attention of the customers and...
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...FILM MEDIA CONSUMPTION HABITS AMONG YOUNG POPULATION IN URBAN AREA Abstract This article seeks to demonstrate how the factors like internet, globalization and growth in technology changed the youth mindset towards consumption of Films & TV, the big question behind this issue is that how far these changes in media helping Film & TV industry, it actually depends lot of attributes. The research is the fine way to analyze this issue, research with the youngsters who are accounted to large no in the total viewership. By doing the research we can identify which important factor drives them to make decisions in media consumptions such as behavior, flavor, environment, technology, and modernization economic growth. By comparing the result with current scenario we can find out some interesting conclusions, which will help us to understand the media business well. 1 INDEX S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Particulars Introduction Indian Entertainment & Media Industry Literature review Methodology Research Instrument Data Analysis Conclusions Limitations Page No. 03 04 07 09 10 15 49 50 2 Introduction We all watch TV, read newspapers and magazines, and we also go to see films. These are different types of communication with our fellow human beings. Beyond the physical requirements of food and shelter, man has now another fundamental need that is the need to communicate. The urge for communication is an important one and in our contemporary civilization, it has become necessity for...
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...听力预测注意: 预测中的版本号和学校的《雅思听力机经》(2013版)一致,也与正式考试中出现的版本号一致,所以使用本预测,请参考学校的《雅思听力机经》(2013版)。请同学特别注意单词的拼写! 考虑到考生五天后就要参加考试了,所以此预测已经尽量精简,更多信息请关注本校微博: V08101S1S2 ,V08102S2S4,V08103S2.S3,V08104/08152S4,V08106S2,V08107S2S3,V08108S4,V08109S1S4,V08110S4,V08111S1S3S4,V08112S1S3,V08113S1,V08114S1S3S4,V08115S1,V08116S2S3 ,V08117S2,V08118S1S3,V08120S2S4,V08122S1S2S3,V08124S2,V08125S3S4,V08129S1S4,V08130S4,V08131S4,V08132S3,V08133S2S4,V08134S4,V08135S4,V08136S2S3,V08137S1S3S4,V08138S1S2,V08139S2,V08140S3S4,V08141S1 ,V08142S1,V08143S1,V08144S2S4,V08145S1S2,V08146S1S2,V08147S2,V08148/08417S1S2S3,V09101S2S4,V09102S3,V09103S1S4,V09104S1S2S4,V09105S1S2,V09106S2S4,V09107S2,V09108S1,V09109S1S4,V09110S1S2,V09111S2,V09112S1S4,V09113S1,V09114S3S4,V09115S2S3,V09116S1S3 V09117S1S2,V09118S2,V09119S2S3,V09120S1S2S3S4,V09121S2S3,V09122S3S4 V09123S4,V09124S3,V09125S3,V09126S1S3,V09128S4,V09129S1S2,V09130S1S4 V09131S1,V09132S1S3S4,V09133S1S3S4,V09134S1S2S4,V09135S3,V09136S3S4,V09137S2S4,V09138S1S3S4,V09139S2S3,V09140S2S3S4,V09141S2S4,V09142S2S3,V09143S1S3,V09144S1S2,V09145S1S3,V09146S1S3,V09147S1S2,V09148S2S4,V10101S1,V10102/100911S1S3 ,V10103/100916S2S4 ,V10104/100925S1,V10105/101009S1S4,V10106/101014S3,V10107/101023S3 ,V10108/101030S1S4,V10109/101104S3S4,V10110/101106S3S4,V10111/101120S3S4,V10112/101127S3,V10113/101204S1S3,V10114/101211S1S3,V10115/101216S4,V10116/101218S3,V10117/100109S1S2,V10118/100114S1S4,V10119/100123S1S2,V10120/100130S1S2S3S4,V10121/100206S1S2,V10122/100211S1S4,V10123/100220S2S3,V10124...
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...Spring Term Revision Schedule 2013-14 Week 1 | Monday 7th April | Morning session 10.00-12.00 | Afternoon Session 1.00-3.00 | | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | | Extend Diploma Electrical Engineering EDENGE22A | Barbara Walsh | C434A/C434B | Extend Diploma Engineering Electrical EDENGE22A | Barbara Walsh | C434A/C434B | | Extend Diploma Mechanical Engineering EDENGM22A/B | Peter Kempen | C402/C405 | Extend Diploma Mechanical Engineering EDENGM22A/B | Peter Kempen | C402/C405 | | GCSE English | Katherine Davey | G4 | GCSE English | Katherine Davey | G4 | | AS English Literature | Francesca Thomas | A58 | | | | | Archaeology: Unit 1 | Caroline Wilcox | B254 | Archaeology: Unit 2 | Caroline Wilcox | B254 | | Vocational Business assignment completion | Kemi Osoba | A49 | Vocational Business assignment completion | Bekoe Newman | A49 | | Vocational Sport and Travel Tourism assignment completion | Danny Chilvers | A50 | Vocational Sport and Travel Tourism assignment completion | Danny Chilvers | A50 | | AS /A2 GraphicsExtend Diploma Year 2 Final Major Project | Mark Pearson | Art Rooms | AS /A2 GraphicsExtend Diploma Year 2 Final Major Project | Mark Pearson | Art Rooms | Spring Term Revision Schedule 2013-14 Week 1 | Tuesday 8th April | | Morning session 10.00-12.00 | Afternoon Session 1.00-3.00 | | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | | A2 Business (China...
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...Spring Term Revision Schedule 2013-14 Week 1 | Monday 7th April | Morning session 10.00-12.00 | Afternoon Session 1.00-3.00 | | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | | Extend Diploma Electrical Engineering EDENGE22A | Barbara Walsh | C434A/C434B | Extend Diploma Engineering Electrical EDENGE22A | Barbara Walsh | C434A/C434B | | Extend Diploma Mechanical Engineering EDENGM22A/B | Peter Kempen | C402/C405 | Extend Diploma Mechanical Engineering EDENGM22A/B | Peter Kempen | C402/C405 | | GCSE English | Katherine Davey | G4 | GCSE English | Katherine Davey | G4 | | AS English Literature | Francesca Thomas | A58 | | | | | Archaeology: Unit 1 | Caroline Wilcox | B254 | Archaeology: Unit 2 | Caroline Wilcox | B254 | | Vocational Business assignment completion | Kemi Osoba | A49 | Vocational Business assignment completion | Bekoe Newman | A49 | | Vocational Sport and Travel Tourism assignment completion | Danny Chilvers | A50 | Vocational Sport and Travel Tourism assignment completion | Danny Chilvers | A50 | | AS /A2 GraphicsExtend Diploma Year 2 Final Major Project | Mark Pearson | Art Rooms | AS /A2 GraphicsExtend Diploma Year 2 Final Major Project | Mark Pearson | Art Rooms | Spring Term Revision Schedule 2013-14 Week 1 | Tuesday 8th April | | Morning session 10.00-12.00 | Afternoon Session 1.00-3.00 | | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | Subject/course | Teacher | Room | | A2 Business (China...
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...Certificate of Secondary Education 1 General Certificate of Secondary Education The General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) is an academic qualification awarded in a specified subject, generally taken in a number of subjects by students aged 14–16 in secondary education in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and is equivalent to a Level 2 (A*- C) and Level 1 (D- G) in Key Skills. (In Scotland, the equivalent is the Standard Grade.) Some students may decide to take one or more GCSEs before or afterwards; people may apply for GCSEs at any point either internally through an institution or externally. The education systems of other British territories, such as Gibraltar,[1] and the former British dominion of South Africa, also use the qualifications, as supplied by the same examination boards. The International version of the GCSE is the IGCSE, which can be taken anywhere in the world, and which includes additional options, for example relating to coursework and the language used. When GCSEs are taken by students in secondary education, they can often be combined with other qualifications, such as the Business And Technology Education Council (BTEC), the Diploma in Digital Applications (DiDA), or diplomas. Education to GCSE level is often required of students who study for the International Baccalaureate or to GCE Advanced Level (A-level). GCSE exams were introduced as the compulsory school-leavers' examinations in the late 1980s (the first exams being taken in the summer...
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...To be able to prepare a topic in detail • To respond fully when prompted, basing responses on factual knowledge • To be able to present a logical argument coherently and clearly • To be able to use abstract language • To show initiative and imagination • To use the target language spontaneously and with increasing fluency • To use formal as well as informal language • To use accurate pronunciation and appropriate intonation • To show knowledge of, and an ability to use, a range of structures • To use complex structures when appropriate Your level of competence in these areas can be developed to a large extent through independent study and preparation. What should I do now? Your language GCSE will have given you a good background and understanding of French in day-to-day situations in both its written and spoken forms....
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