... |Introduction to Behavioral Science | Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course focuses on human personality, motivation, learning, and cognition. The theories and insights of major figures in psychology are discussed. Neuroscience, psychological disorders, and therapies are also considered in relation to human behavior. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Morris, C. G., & Maisto, A. A. (2010). Understanding psychology (9th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Please do not use the Appendixes posted under the Materials tab of the classroom. Do not use Appendixes A, B, C, and D. Refer to the syllabus to see what...
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...discussing and comparing between present and past, why today people now more convert themselve to be homosexual. The question why only needs causes, if comparing with the past about twenty to thirty years ago, there were less people who are homosexual or bisexual than now. This research essay will provides five sections which are five main causes, it includes psychology, experience(social environment), cultural influences and individuals liking due to differences between homosexuality and heterosuxaulity Psychology and Biology The focus on brain and behavior study shows us many evidence that homosexaulity is definitely related to psychology and biology. Could homosexuality be illness if it is only about psychology because human has different idea in everything and also has difference in mental health. However, there are several studies could not find any conclusion that being homosexual is considered an illness or not. “Although dispassionate scientific research on whether homosexuality should be viewed as an illness was largely absent from the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and medicine during the first half of the twentieth century, some researchers remained unconvinced that all homosexual individuals were mentally ill or socially misfit” (Berube, 1990). In the other hand, there are many studies about genetic behavior that point out it is the main cause of homosexuality, but the question is how? To give an example, is there...
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...interest of all to create and maintain good relations between employees (labour) and employers (management). Concept of Industrial Relations: The term ‘Industrial Relations’ comprises of two terms: ‘Industry’ and ‘Relations’. “Industry” refers to “any productive activity in which an individual (or a group of individuals) is (are) engaged”. By “relations” we mean “the relationships that exist within the industry between the employer and his workmen.” The term industrial relations explain the relationship between employees and management which stem directly or indirectly from union-employer relationship. Industrial relations are the relationships between employees and employers within the organizational settings. The field of industrial relations looks at the relationship between management and workers, particularly groups of workers represented by a union. Industrial relations are basically the interactions between employers, employees and the government, and the institutions and associations through which such interactions are mediated. The term industrial relations have a broad as well as a narrow outlook. Originally, industrial relations were broadly defined to include the relationships and interactions between employers and employees. From this perspective, industrial relations cover all aspects of the employment relationship, including human resource management, employee relations, and union-management (or labour) relations. Now its meaning...
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...York at Albany, Kimberly Melinsky, Ph.D. ABD, The College of Saint Rose, Cheryl Buff, Ph.D. Siena College, and Charles F. Seifert, Ph.D. Siena College ABSTRACT This study compares and contrasts the individual dimensions of work ethic of graduating college and university students to those of workforce professionals. The Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (MWEP) is used to operationalize seven dimensions of work ethic. The findings indicate that while students and workforce professionals differ within the individual dimensions, quantitatively, they have the same overall work ethic. Variances within the dimensions of work ethic may have important implications for corporate managers. Keywords: Work Ethic, Work Values, Dimensions of Work Ethic “Work Ethic: Do New Employees Mean New Work Values?” INTRODUCTION The concept of work ethic has evolved from the writings of the early 20th century scholar, Max Weber (Weber, 1904-1905), who has been frequently credited with contributing to the success of capitalism in western society with what became known as the Protestant work ethic (PWE) (Hirschfeld and Field, 2000; Hill and Petty, 1995; Kalberg, 1996; Chusmir and Koberg, 1988). Weber highlighted the value of work commitment and raised questions as to why some people place a greater importance on work and appear more conscientious than others. For many years, this remained one of the most dominant themes in the psychological investigation of occupational behavior (Pryor and Davies, 1989)....
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...Sex Differences in Jealousy: An Evolutionary Perspective Jealousy is an intense emotional reaction that affects all types of people in different cultures all over the world (Buss, 2001). Having a wide variety of implications, jealousy is most often associated with negative, anxiety induced behaviours, and in relationships it is most often in response to a relationship threat by a third party with desirable qualities. Current literature on the topic suggests that there is a general consensus that the main function of jealousy is to protect a valuable relationship from loss to a desirable rival (Buss & Haselton, 2005). However despite this primary function, there are clear sex differences with regards to thoughts about emotional and sexual infidelity (Daly, Wilson & Weghorst, 1982). There exists a lot of evidence to support the finding that men find sexual infidelity worse than emotional infidelity, whereas women find the opposite (Buss et al., 2001; Daly et al., 1982). It has been found that 60% of men choose sexual infidelity as worse, and 74% of women choose emotional infidelity (Sagarin et al., 2012). Moreover, these findings have been replicated in numerous countries, which encourage the perspective that these sex differences are evolutionary based (Buunk & Angleitner, 1996). The parental-investment model states that these differences occur because men want to be sure of the paternity of their children, not invest their resources to genetically unrelated offspring...
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...Axia College Course Syllabus PSY/201 Foundations of Psychology Course Start Date: 2/21/11 Course End Date: 4/24/11 Please print a copy of this syllabus for handy reference. Whenever there is a question about what assignments are due, please remember this syllabus is considered the ruling document. Copyright Copyright © 2010, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. Course Syllabus PSY/201 Foundations of Psychology 2 Facilitator Information Janie Lacy JanieLacy@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix) Janie@JanieLacy.com (Personal) 407-924-7533 (EST) Facilitator Availability I am available from 9 a.m.-12 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on most days, but I attempt to reserve Sundays as my rest day. During the week, I am available most of the time during that 9 a.m.-12 p.m. time frame. On Saturdays, I tend to be available in the morning only. If these times are not convenient for you, please let me know. I will be happy to accommodate your schedule,...
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...A Review of the Role of Gender in Conflict Resolution and Leadership The value of effective conflict resolution and leadership skills cannot be understated. As more and more women are moving into decision-making positions, the issue of whether there are gender differences in the ability to manage conflict and to lead effectively has become an important concern. This literature review examines 14 studies that address the role of gender in conflict resolution and leadership. Studies from areas of conflict resolution, negotiation, and leadership are included. Evidence is provided that while women and men are, in fact different from one another, neither outperforms the other in all situations. In fact, while some researchers claim a male advantage in a male-oriented world, others assert a feminine advantage for 21st century leaders. Implications for women leaders are included. Conventional wisdom says that conflict management skills are important if individuals are to function effectively at any level within an organization. They are a particularly important part of effective leadership. As more and more women are moving into decision-making positions, the issue of whether there are gender differences in the ability to use conflict management skills to lead effectively has become an important concern. In fact, some researchers have expressed skepticism about women’s abilities to fit in to the masculine managerial world. As far back as 1979, Powell and Butterfield found that...
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...WOMEN AND LEADERSHIP: THE STATE OF PLAY Deborah L. Rhode and Barbara Kellerman July, 2006 c Some four decades ago, Betty Friedan helped launch the contemporary women’s movement with her publication of The Feminine Mystique. The book famously identified a “problem that has no name”: American women’s confinement to a separate and unequal domestic sphere. One factor contributing to women’s unequal status was their absence from leadership positions. Another aspect of the problem was the lack of cultural consensus that this absence was itself part of the problem, and a matter of social concern. Over the last several decades, we have named that leadership problem and created a cottage industry to address it. Women’s underrepresentation in positions of power generates an increasing array of committees, commissions, consultants, centers, conferences, and commentary such as the essays that follow. Yet while we have made considerable progress in understanding the problem, we remain a dispiriting distance from solving it. I. The Underrepresentation of Women in Leadership Roles The facts are frustratingly familiar. Despite almost a half-century of equal opportunity legislation, women’s opportunities for leadership are anything but equal. To be sure, the situation has improved significantly over this period, particularly if leadership is broadly defined to include informal as well as formal exercises of authority.[i] By that definition, the percentage of women...
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...PSYCHOLOGY and your life chapter 1 introduction to ps ychology 2 chapter outline A Gift of Life It was every subway rider’s nightmare, times two. Who has ridden along New York’s 656 miles of subway lines and not wondered: “What if I fell to the tracks as a train came in? What would I do?” And who has not thought: “What if someone else fell? Would I jump to the rescue?” Wesley Autrey, a 50-year-old construction worker and navy veteran, faced both those questions in a flashing instant yesterday and got his answers almost as quickly. Mr. Autrey was waiting for the downtown local at 137th Street and Broadway in Manhattan around 12:45 p.m. He was taking his two daughters, Syshe, 4, and Shuqui, 6, home before work. Nearby, a man collapsed, his body convulsing. Mr. Autrey and two women rushed to help, he said. The man, Cameron Hollopeter, 20, managed to get up, but then stumbled to the platform edge and fell to the tracks, between the two rails. The headlights of the No. 1 train appeared. “I had to make a split decision,” Mr. Autrey said. So he made one, and leapt. Mr. Autrey lay on Mr. Hollopeter, his heart pounding, pressing him down in a space roughly a foot deep. The train’s brakes screeched, but it could not stop in time. Five cars rolled overhead before the train stopped, the cars passing inches from his head, smudging his blue knit cap with grease. Mr. Autrey heard onlookers’ screams. “We’re O.K. down here,” he yelled, “but I’ve got two daughters up there...
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...Differences and Similarities in Generalized Characteristic Traits among Genders: The Sociopath and Psychopath by Evelyn J. Dotson MS, University of Phoenix, 2015 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Psychology University of Phoenix March, 2015 Abstract Psychopathic and sociopathic general characteristic traits are found in both genders in various populations. More research on the general characteristic traits of females is needed. Research for the female populations will give professionals information about the differences displayed between genders. Different applied sciences will also further their knowledge in treatment options for either tendency. The study used explored if any differences existed between genders with intensified levels of psychopathic traits in regard to psychopathy factor scores. The sample consisted of 2,500 people of both genders (52.6% women) (M=22.15; SD=1.38) from the generalized population, aged 20-24. Results displayed women with psychopathic personality traits had significantly higher levels of behavioral tendencies than men of the same. The genders did display a difference in aggressive behavior. The men showed a significant amount of aggressive behaviors compared to the women. The gender differences displayed in the seven psychopathic features show the variations needed for treatment options. Differences and Similarities in Generalized Characteristic Traits among...
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...The role of gender in workplace stress: A critical literature review Kristina 1 Gyllensten and Stephen 2 Palmer Abstract Objective The aim of this review was to evaluate research relating to the role of gender in the level of workplace stress. A further aim was to review literature relating to stressors of particular relevance to working women. These stressors included, multiple roles, lack of career progress and discrimination and stereotyping. Design Systematic review. Method Major databases were searched in order to identify studies investigating gender and workplace stress. A range of research designs included and no restrictions were made on the basis of the occupations of the participants. Results Much of the research indicated that women reported higher levels of stress compared to men. However, several studies reported no difference between the genders. Furthermore, the evidence for the adverse effects of multiple roles, lack of career progress and discrimination and were stereotyping was inconsistent. Conclusion The current review concluded that the evidence regarding the role of gender in workplace stress and stressors was inconsistent. Limitations of the research were highlighted and implications for practice were discussed. Key words: workplace stress, gender, stressors Introduction Workplace stress Stress in the workplace is a major problem for both organisations and employees, and it has been estimated that approximately 13.4...
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...history of psychology. You will learn how psychology grew out of philosophy and medical physiology, and will become acquainted with some of the pioneers of psychology as a scientific discipline. Famous Psychologists Can you think of any famous psychologists from psychology’s history? The Early History: Philosophers and Scientists Match each of the philosophers and scientists with their descriptions AND write in the approximate year of their contribution. ______ Aristotle (______) 320 b.c. A. British philosopher, empiricist ______ Darwin (______) 360 b.c. B. Greek philosopher, nativist ______ Descartes (______) 1600 C. British biologist ______ Helmholz (______) 1700 D. German physiologist ______ Locke (______) 1830 E. French philosopher, nativist, and dualist ______ Plato (______) 1860 F. Greek philosopher, empiricist Pioneers of Psychology Match each of the pioneers of psychology with their descriptions AND write in the approximate year of their main contribution. ______ Calkins (______) 1879 A. Studied memory ______ Ebbinghaus (______) 1882 B. First psychotherapy ______ Freud (______) 1885 C. First lab in USA ______ Hall (______) 1888 D. Used introspection ______ James (______) 1890 E. First comprehensive textbook ______ Titchener (______) 1895 F. First psychology laboratory ______ Wundt (______) 1900 G. First woman president of APA Twentieth Century Psychology Match...
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...articles-------------------------------------------9 References Books ．Price,Alan (2007), Human Resource Management in a Business Context 3RD Edition, Thomson Learning (Pp.400-12.) ．Torrington,Derek , Hall,Laural & Taglor,Stephen (2002), Human Resources Management 5th Edition, Pearson Education Limited (Pp.268-73.) ．Stone,Raymond J (2010), Managing Human Resources 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Son Australia (Pp.386-78.) ．Stone,Raymond J (2006), Managing Human Resources 1st Edition, John Wiley & Son Australia (Pp.312-8.) ．Mills, A.J, Helms Mills, J. and Miller,G.E. (2010), Introduction: gender and diversity at work II—Making Sense of 21st Century Workplace Initiatives, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences. (Pp.204-9.) ．Larae M.J , Nicole,A.S and Taylor K, (2005), Relationally Oriented Masculinity, Gender Nontraditional Interests, and Occupational Traditionalism of Employed Men, Journal of Career Development. (Pp183-197.) The summary of the article This article...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background to the Problem Education has been very important through the ages and it can be defined as an organized and sustained instruction designed to communicate a combination of knowledge, skill and understanding valuables for all activities of life. Numerous groups during this century have identified what they believe the goals of education should be. One of the most widely cited reports is that of the commission on the reorganization of secondary education which in 1918 stated the goals of education as the seven cardinal principles: health, command of fundamental processes, worthy home membership, vocation, citizenship, worthy use of leisure and ethical conduct. Although neither science nor any of the other school subjects was included as one of the seven principles, the role and importance of science in achieving the seven cardinal principles is obvious. The world is fast becoming scientific in thinking and behaviors that without good knowledge of science, it might be difficult for people to adequately function in it. The purpose of exposing children to science instruction right from primary school level is not necessarily to turn them into scientist per se but to provide favorable scientific attitudes of ‘finding out’ and ‘hands-on‘ and to enable them raise questions about things that intrigue them. In a study on the impact of science on the society, Bertrand & Russell (1952) have shown that our time is an age of science. Science...
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...Introduction to Psychology: January 12, 2015 3 Main Problems of Psychology 1) Determinism vs. Freewill * The idea that everything that happens has a cause (determinism) versus the belief that behavior is cause by a person’s independent decisions (freewill) 2) The Mind-Brain Problem * The philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain. 3) The Nature-Nurture Issue * “How do differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment?” Intro to Psych: Wednesday, January 14 2015 Three major philosophical issues with psychology: Free Will vs. Determinism - Determinism: Everything that happens has a cause. - Free Will: the belief that behavior is cause by a person’s independent decisions The Mind-Brain Problem - The philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain. - How is brain activity linked with our experienced? - There is a close relationship with brain activity and psychological events - “Do we feel first, or do we think first?” Nature-Nurture Issue - “How do differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment?” Milgram and the shock experiment test Psychiatry - different from psychology in the way that a psychiatrist can prescribe medication and psychologists can not. - branch of the medical field that focuses on the brain and mental disorders **Get to know both of the “What Psychologists Do” handouts from class Quick History of Psychology Early era...
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