...FTVS 598: TAKE HOME FINAL ESSAY. By Vivek Nipani 1. In Ridley Scott’s Alien (1979) what qualities does Ellen Ripley (Sigourney Weaver) project or possess that make her seem so tough? How or where does her femininity figure in her toughness? According to Sherrie A. Inness in “Lady Killers, Tough Enough?” what are two ways that Hollywood cinema undermines and punishes tough or powerful women? How is this twice demonstrated in Elizabeth (Shekhar Kapur,1998)? And how does Elizabeth I (Cate Blanchett) re-assess her gender to secure lasting power? Finally, in what way can she be considered according to Inness’s formulation, “pseudo-tough?” It is interesting to note that women in Hollywood are not considered tough even when they play characters that can break and haunt a male protagonist in the film. Sherrie A. Inness in her chapter, “Women warriors and wonder women in popular culture,” mentions that, all women in Hollywood are not as tough as they seem. They repeatedly show the tough and masculine killer nature is nothing but all women or feminine underneath. They are made and designed to be desirable by men, even if they are found in the middle of an intense battle, they show no signs of breaking a sweat, with their beautiful hair flowing in high speed shots and are lithe stylistically to make them look like an Amazon warrior with a ton of sexuality. I found this analogy true and very interesting as we were shown the clip from the Ridley Scot film, Alien...
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...Race and ethnicity, gender and age, and social class in the United States shape the experience surprisingly. This reality has been generally archived in consider and, to some degree, is commonly understood. New studies interpret race and ethnicity, gender and age, and social class in the United States are interlocking classifications of experience that influence all parts of life; along these lines, they all the while structure the encounters surprisingly in the public eye. At any minute, race, ethnicity, class, age or sex may feel more notable or important in every individual life, yet they are covering and aggregate on their impact on individuals' encounters. Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Age and Class observation invites us to distinguish between...
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...GENDER-BASED AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND REVERSE GENDER BIAS: BEYOND GRATZ, PARENTS INVOLVED, AND RICCI ROSALIE BERGER LEVINSON* I. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II. History Behind the Affirmative Action Race/Gender Anomaly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III. The Circuit Split on the Race/Gender Conundrum . . . . . . . . . IV. Analogy to Race-Based Affirmative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Remedial Purpose as a Justification for Affirmative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. The Diversity Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. The Arguments Against Affirmative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . V. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. INTRODUCTION The blockbuster race discrimination cases in recent years have all involved affirmative action and reverse discrimination. The Supreme Court has made it clear that race classifications, whether benign or invidious, will trigger rigid strict scrutiny analysis, which requires that the government prove its program is narrowly tailored to serve a compelling interest. In 2003, the Court, in Gratz v. Bollinger,1 ruled that while student diversity in educational institutions may be a compelling interest, an affirmative action program...
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...due to their race, class, and gender certain groups of women, such as those of Indigenous backgrounds are treated unequally, and subject to marginalization and criminalization. Intersectionality explains how issues relating to race, class, and gender, such as capitalism, racism, colonialism, patriarchy, and gender inequality force women into the street sex trade in order to survive, and how social organizations provide useful resources despite the portrayal of these women as undeserving. Drawing on interviews conducted with Sage House and Transitional Educational Resources for Women (TERF) and several secondary sources, an intersectionality approach will be used to illustrate that the difficulties women in the street sex trade face are a result...
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...Annotated Bibliography & Outline for Gender Identity Paper Outline I. Introduction II. What is gender Identity? III. Gender Discrimination A. Male B. Female IV. Appearance V. Gender and Interpersonal VI. Development a. Sex role stereotypes VII. Environmental factors VIII. Conclusion Introduction Throughout this paper I will be talking about gender identity which I have done a research. I will be using different several articles that researched on gender identity and will share the information I got out of the articles. Gender identity is something that most of the time goes unnoticed and lot of people are afraid to be who they are. What is gender identity? Gender Identity (1988) Social Psychology Quarterly, Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stables/2786925 This article talks about gender identity, self-esteem, physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. The article gives important information about gender identity. The researchers had examined the roles of gender identity and self-esteem in both physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. Gender Discrimination Race and Gender Discrimination, (2009). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118176 This article focuses on gender discrimination and race on buying cars. The information presented in the article goes depth into highlighting how sellers sometimes can use race or gender to sell cars to their buyers. Example could be male via...
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...Canada Hits Milestone with Gender Parity The article “Canada Hits Milestone with Gender Parity” issued on November 5th, 2015 in The Globe and Mail by Jane Taber, discusses gender, race/ethnicity. This article reminds me of sociological concepts in the textbook “Seeing Ourselves” of Gender in chapter 32 and Race and Ethnicity in chapter 34. Also, the theme I can relate to is groups and organization because it discusses the different gender and race/ethnicity in Justin Trudeau’s cabinet. In this article Justin Trudeau kept his promise for a gender parity parliament. Fifteen women were put in a position of Trudeau’s cabinet. Canada is now one of five nations to have gender parity in government at the federal level. The article identifies...
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...Impact of Social Support Across Race and Gender: Implications for African American Women in the Workplace Bailey, Darlyne, Donald Wolfe, and Christopher R. Wolfe. “The Contextual Impact of Social Support Across Race and Gender: Implications for African American Women in the Workplace”. of Black Studies 26.3 (1996): 287–307. Web... Briefly summarize this source. In this book they explain black studies in comparison to how black women are treated in the workplace. the source also explain research that has been providing basic on age of black american women they then stated that women are most likely to have more support as being african american Scholarly Journal Article 1: RESKIN, BF. GETTING IT RIGHT: SEX AND RACE INEQUALITY IN WORK ORGANIZATIONS Reskin, Barbara F. "Getting It Right: Sex And Race Inequality In Work Organizations." Annual Review Of Sociology 26.(2000): 707. Academic Search Complete. Web. 13 Nov. 2015. Briefly summarize this source. Explain its relevance to your topic and whether it supports or goes against your main argument: This argument is against race and gender and provides valid information to back up his argument.Researchers have consistently discovered that as the number of women in the labor force increased, a greater percentage of females were found to hold positions in occupations with lower prestige and with a higher degree of sex segregation. Researchers also...
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...everyone is paid the same, no matter their gender or color. However, that is not the case. Wage gap is extremely present and women are getting less than what they expect. In “Identifying Differences in Business Students’ Salary Expectations,” the study found that female students expect to have high salaries (Khosrozadeh et al., 2016, p. 23). Although women in the business field except to have high paid salaries, this is not the case. They are faced with a wage gap based on their gender, including their race and motherhood. The wage inequalities between males and females is different between the type of business occupation. In...
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...Abstract This term paper delineates 1) gender, race and inequality, 2) its antediluvian (historic) attachment, 3) sociological perspectives, 4) modernization paradigms (examples), 5) the synopsis (summary), 6) a glossary of vocabulary words, and 7) references (works cited). Gender is Race and inequality produces such a predominate upshot on our daily lives. When we say gender, we often think that gender is sex. In reality gender is not sex. Imagine you are born into a society in which you never knew your factual identity. That is, you don’t know who you are, except for that fact that you are alive. Moreover, suppose you were applying for a job and you encounter a query (question) saying, “What is your gender?” or “Are you a Male or...
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...has most likely suffered from being discriminated against. Some forms of discrimination are illegal, especially in the workplace. I have chosen a scenario that depicts more than one form of discrimination. Maria, is a person of Latino ancestry, a second generation native-born American citizen with a graduate degree. She has been with her current company for 10 years has filed a complaint for being unfairly eliminated for consideration for a promotion, because of her distinctive accent. Not only does Maria face discrimination, because of her strong cultural background evidenced by her accent but, because of her race, and gender as well. According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), they are “responsible for enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee because of the person's race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information. It is also illegal to discriminate against a person because the person complained about discrimination, filed a charge of discrimination, or participated in an employment discrimination investigation or lawsuit” (Overview, n.d.). According to Zimmermann, “Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts (Zimmermann, 2012). When Maria was turned down for the promotion based on her distinctive accent, it turned into a case...
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...means imbalanced and biased treatment meted out to some employees on the basis of prejudice. This has been an important and grave issue of concern for companies across the world. Such discrimination occurs when an employer singles out any one employee or a group on the basis of age, race, gender, disability, sexual orientation, religion and other reasons. Workplace discrimination can take place in a number of forms that include illegal hiring and firing, on-the-job harassment, denial of a worker’s promotions or raises and unequal pay. For this reason, several laws have been created to protect the people from discrimination and retaliation from their employers. Read on to know the different types of discrimination in the workplace. Gender Discrimination Also known as sexual discrimination or sex-based discrimination, gender discrimination takes place when one gender is preferred over the other. In this case, one employee is treated in an unfair manner or inequitable manner by his employer, on the basis of the employee’s gender. Racial Discrimination Racial discrimination is the most common form of employment discrimination. Employees are treated harshly or differently based on their race or ethnicity. Though there are laws that prohibit employers to deny a job-seeker employment opportunity because of his/her racial group and characteristics, it is a common practice in most of the workplaces. Age Discrimination Middle-aged and older employees are at a higher risk...
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...produced through the intersections of race, art, culture, and economic advantage. In African American studies, the scholarship of black gender and sexuality is largely based in the intellectual tradition that grew out of the civil rights movements of the 1960s and 1970s, with one of its aims being the critically examination of key issues, assumptions, and debates in contemporary, post-civil rights African American feminist thought. Under academic inquiry of American film, African American studies situates a cultural discourse that works to examine the behaviors, conditions, and attitudes that foster stereotypes of sexual and gender roles based upon class, oppression, sex, and gender identity, as social constructs, and finds them to be historically and inextricably bound together. As a constructed cultural product, African American film studies finds its diverse cultural legacy rooted in the activist culture of the American civil rights movement....
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...and income (social class) 2. Racial inequality 3. Gender inequality. Equality/inequality -Ontological equality -Equality of opportunity -Equality of condition -Equality of outcome Why inequality exists? Inequality in wealth and access to resources is generated by three processes: 1.) Unequal division of labor and/or low mobility across occupations. 2.) Surplus or abundance of resources 3.) The desire to accumulate wealth and assets Types of social mobility: mobility refers to movement between different position within a system of social stratification 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical 3. Structural 4. Exchange Why the class structure is changing -Massive growth in inequality between the rich and the poor. Called the “Great U-Turn” -Shrinking of the working class, with some growth in middle class and working poor. -Growth of poverty and the “underclass” -Rate of poverty is increasing twice as fast as population growth Why income inequality is increasing -Largely due to the increasing concentration of wealth at the very top of the income distribution. consequences of income inequality -High levels of income inequality reduces social cohesion, overall health, overall wealth, and education -Increases crime, debt, and political polarization Social construction of race -Instead, social scientists argue that “race” is socially constructed. Racial categories and the meaning of race vary over time and geographically. Racial status is...
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...which bone articulates with what bone unless I’m working in one of those fields. But with sociology, I learn more about the human race, and how it functions and the differences between things such as race and ethnicity and gender and sex. Differences that I never even knew existed. For all I knew, race and ethnicity were the same exact things, but different terminology. The first day I walked into sociology, I went in not knowing what sociology even meant. But now that the semester is over I feel like I’ve learned so much in this class with information that actually matters. Sociology is defined as the scientific study of society and human behavior. The sociological perspective states that people’s social experiences underlie their behavior. Social experiences include the cultural or religious group they belong to and how their experiences within these groups. That is what sociology is; it can vary person to person. One of the chapters that greatly awakened me would be the chapter for sex and gender and the movie we watched for it called Middle Sex. Sex refers to biological distinctions between males and females. Gender, in contrast, is what a society considers proper behaviors and attitudes for its male and female members. I always thought that gender and sex were the same things because every time I fill out a form and it would as for your gender or sex giving male and female as an option. Now I know that there...
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...How would you define diversity? Open-ended responses from student-conducted survey, 28 April 2010 A wide range of interests, backgrounds, experiences. Differences among groups of people and individuals based on ethnicity, race, socioeconomic status, gender, exceptionalities, language, religion, sexual orientation, and geographical area. Diversity of experiences, viewpoints, backgrounds, and life experiences. Tolerance of thought, ideas, people with differing viewpoints, backgrounds, and life experiences. Diversity can be measured across many variables -- age, race, sex, economics, geography, religion, philosophy, etc. variation in race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, political leanings, professional and personal background Diversity in graduate school includes a group of people from different backgrounds (this can be many things not just racial). People with different skills and career interests and hobbies. People with different political points of view. Anything that sets one individual apart from another. However, often it is used to specifically reference gender, race, ethnicity, and more recently sexual orientation differences. Diversity is differences in racial and ethnic, socioeconomic, geographic, and academic/professional backgrounds. People with different opinions, backgrounds (degrees and social experience), religious beliefs, political beliefs, sexual orientations, heritage, and life experience. dissimilar My definition of diversity would include openness...
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