...1. Sean Lang 2. MKT 115 –Sec 770 3. April 27, 2014 4. Gender Stereotyping in Advertisements 5. 1550 6. I am highly motivated, and I am committed to excellence. Advertising Gender Stereotypes Gender Stereotyping in advertisements happen all around us. Whether it is a commercial, billboard or a magazine, advertisements are everywhere. Gender stereotypes happen at an early age that includes children. Children’s advertisements implant the very gender roles that are portrayed in today’s society. Creating specific gender products is also creating large profits for companies. When first thinking of gender stereotyping in advertisements one might think of the negative aspect first and not realize that there are positive ways to advertise to specific genders for purchasing products. By using these gender specific advertisements, companies can sell products more efficiently. Advertising to children at an early age can play a significant role in shaping the expected role for him/her in today’s society. There are many examples that can clearly outline gender stereotyping. In many instances someone might not catch it because it is so normal in today’s culture. Monica Brasted is a psychologist and observed her child when the two of them went to McDonalds one day. Monica’s little girl was upset because she didn’t get the toy she wanted. “When I asked her what was wrong she asked why the woman had given her a care bear when she wanted a transformer” (Brasted). This then brought...
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...Tipping the Sacred Cow of Gender Generalization in Young Boys Gender generalization in gender-specific activities for young boys is a sacred cow because it is assumed in society that boys can only play with trains and actions figures, have to mask their emotions and should not take pride in their attire. A sacred cow is something that is widely acknowledged in society with no question as to why it is readily accepted, usually without justification. Sacred cows are troublesome in that we should not be blindly following what is “standard” thought. We should be questioning every widely held belief to see if it is accurate and linear with our own ideology. In actuality, it should be completely acceptable for boys to have a kitchen set, play house...
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...This essay attempts to analyse, using appropriate illustrations, the extent to which gender stereotyping conforms to Jean Piaget’s four stages of development, which he elaborated in his Theory of Cognitive Development. It will first begin by clearly defining the terms; ‘gender,’ ‘stereotype,’ and hence the term ‘gender stereotyping.’ It will thereafter define cognitive development and will furthermore discuss in depth the stages of cognitive development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational respectively. A critical assessment will then be made on the extent to which gender stereotyping acts in accordance to Piaget’s stages of development, to aid one have a final opinion of his Theory of Cognitive Development. Gender was a word used by Ann Oakley and others in the 1970s to describe the characteristics of men and women that are socially determined, in contrast to the ones that are biologically determined. Gender is therefore a term referring to the social and cultural construction of men and women. The word stereotype is defined as an organised set of beliefs concerning the characteristics of all members of a defined group (Golombok, 1995). Therefore, gender stereotyping is the overgeneralisation about the characteristics of an entire group of people based on their gender. It is the perception of people on how others should behave. According to Piaget (1952), cognitive development was a progressive reorganisation of mental processes...
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... * Race * Ethnicity * Religion * Gender * Sexual orientation * Age * Disability Category | Stereotype 1 | Stereotype 2 | Stereotype 3 | race | African-American are good at dancing while Caucasians have no rhythm. | Hispanics are not very fluent with the English language. | Jews are greedy misers who refuse to part with the money they earn. | Sexual-orientation | Gays and Lesbians are not fit to raise a child. | Men who are feminine are gay. | Woman who are masculine are lesbians. | Gender | Woman can’t do as good of a job as a man. | Men are the “backbone.” | Guys are messy and unclean. | Part II Answer each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any? The positive aspects of stereotyping can sometimes keep an individual in safety. Stereotyping in the positive aspect could be understood as the way in which people reduce the complexity of the world to a more manageable level. It helps protect our minds from the information overload. For this reason, we resort to simplified assumptions of other people and countries and their characteristics. What are the negative aspects of stereotypes? The negative aspects of stereotyping can sometimes make an individual make poor judgment and could get themselves into some sort of trouble depending on the situation. Stereotyping in the negative aspect is something that our brains...
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...Compare and Contrast Gender in Advertising Advertising is a multimillion-dollar industry that targets people of various ages and gender to aid in selling gather products. The images or visual and verbal sense of the messages vary considerably by targeting different people with images and messages, which may even lead to the use of stereotyping in order to reach to a wider array of audience. For example, adverts that are solely directed for the teenage audience persuade them that purchasing a specific product makes them “fit in” with other teenagers or their role models. A comparison of advertisements that are aims at men and women show that advertisers are still using the standard gender role to advertise for their products which is causing a lot of stereotyping and biases to be seen. In order to understand stereotypes and gender bias found in the advertisements, it is first imperative to understand what stereotyping is and how it is implemented into advertisements. Stereotyping is defined as a thought that can be adopted from specific types of individuals or ways of doing things, however, that certain belief may or may not be an accurate reflection of reality. Stereotyping fits in with other types of inter group attitudes. Stereotyping, discrimination, and prejudice are comprehended to be related but are still different concepts. Stereotyping is though more as rational components of an individual since it is a reflection god expectations and beliefs about the characteristics...
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...related stereotypes for each: • Race • Ethnicity • Religion • Gender • Sexual orientation • Age • Disability |Category |Stereotype 1 |Stereotype 2 |Stereotype 3 | |Race |Cultural-high and low prejudice |Ambiguous- relevant |Congruent thoughts | | |persons |behaviors |Negative thoughts | |Gender |Gender Equality |Women are inferior to men |Men are messy | |Disibility |It’s a sickness |They are a menace to society |People treat them different. Some | | | | |people are different with them. | Part II Answer each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any? The positive apsects of the stereotypes of race, gender, disability are: racial stereotypes such as Asians are good at math and African americans are good at sports, all latinos are good at picking fruit. Gender: women are in charge of the house and men are in charge of finances. Men are strong...
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...Evan Donnelly Application Exercise Two Dr. Frank L. Conner PY-232, Online For this experiment there were 12 tally sheets that had the same picture of a baby but on six of the sheets the baby was identified as a boy and on the remaining six sheets the baby was identified as a girl. We were asked to hand out the 12 sheets to people of our choice and let them select what traits they thought the infant had using a scale one through seven. I selected my subjects in two different ways; the first way was to just ask a few friends that I had over one night to fill out the poll. After asking my friends to take the survey I still had a few polls that needed to be filled out so I used my second way which was to ask random people on the streets of Eastown to take the survey. When I handed out the surveys to friends and random people on the streets I made sure that I asked the equal amount of women and men and made sure to switch up what sex had “Robert” and “Rachel”. Once I had all 12 sheets filled out I calculated the averages of the responses for the boy and girl and came up with the following information. I found many differences between the ratings of the surveys that I gave out. The people who had “Robert” selected more masculine traits for him such as firm, hardy, and strong. For the people who had “Rachel” gave her more feminine traits such as soft, delicate, and beautiful. For the traits that could be either masculine or feminine, like quiet or loud, easy or difficult...
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...Our society is facing a serious problem that is the age discrimination between women and men. In 1939 to 1979 white women made less than 60 % as much as white men. The 40% gape difference decreased these days, but there is still a wage gap between men and women. There are many claims behind the reason of wage discrimination. George F. Will (2000)” Lies, Damned lies and …..” claims that the main cause of wage gap is omen’s decision to establish a family, so that force them to make comprise for raising their children and that leads them to work in flexible jobs with flexible ours that permit them to enter the fast track.. Another article by Allen Goodman (1999) “A New Campaign for Pay Equity” argues that the main reason behind low wages for women is sex discrimination. She supports her point of view by saying that the gender gap between male and female accountants is 201$ a week and bartenders is 48$. Finally, Lester C. Thurow “1981” claims that the system of promotion is the main reason behind the wage discrimination. Thurow says if men discriminate against women they are lowering their own income so there is no sex discrimination. Thurow conclude that the decade between 25 and 35 is when the person succeed in his/her life is the same decade when women think of establishing a family and leave the labor force or become a part – time worker. The system of promotion and skill acquisition extaract an enormous life time price during the decade of 25 to 35. The lack of experience...
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...Gender Stereotypes Kat The article on gender stereotypes was interesting, surprisingly. Most gender stereotyping articles are mostly the same, but this one had quite a bit uniqueness. It actually had studies, people finding things out. They studied the actions of children, which in my opinion is a good focus, but it really shouldn’t be the main. The main focus about gender stereotyping should be people over the age of 30. They are the people who have a real voice in the world right now, whether anyone likes it or not, it’s just how things are. In addition, they are the ones who have the biggest issues with gender stereotyping. It’s how they were raised. “Girls wear dressed, boys wear dirty and messed up jeans.” We need to try to explain to them that, that's now how things are anymore. Times are definitely changing, and we don’t need you putting more negativity into the world. We have enough of that. The article was very fact based, but they also had some opinions that weaken their argument a huge amount. They really only talked about girls. How girls get discouraged because of boys, how girls have to be a certain way or think a certain way. When gender stereotyping doesn’t just happen around girls. Boys are told they have to act a certain way,...
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...The study of sex and gender has been a great interest to not only psychologists but sociologists as well. Over the past few decades the definition of gender and sex have been considered as synonyms for each other. This is because the words have not been established correctly. Sex is defined as the biological and psychological characteristics that differentiate male and female. Gender is defined as a well-being influenced by social and cultural beliefs. Previously in-depth research has been done based on gender and sex differences but very few are based on the current evolutions. This essay will further look into the factors involved in differentiating sex and gender as well as further development of them. Three main factors are involved in...
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...generalization that people make and stereotypes that people have. Stereotyping is the way to use the fixed images of people belonging to a group, which have a tendency to categorize people based on a group they belong to rather than processing the information individually. Generalization usually comes before stereotyping, in order to generalize certain group of people. For example, all Italian loves spaghetti, and Maria is Italian, hence in conclusion Maria loves spaghetti. In that case, people are stereotyping Maria, which in fact Maria might or might not love spaghetti as she comes from North Eastern part of Italy whose has Germanic Austrian background. In fact, stereotyping leads to arrange some conception map in a way of thinking in which aimed to facilitate the progress of information. Stereotyping can be considered normal when faced with a new situation. Stereotyping triggers the mindset that has been collectively programming to set up that each group has the same pattern, which in fact it may be different with the perception to certain things. In the worst case, stereotyping may lead to possibility of racism, exclusion and personal discrimination towards ethnic identity, culture, occupation, age, sex, education grounds and some more. However, this essay later will just discuss four types of stereotype such as age, gender, racial and religion since they are perceived as the most common types appeared in the idea of stereotyping. The rest of the research report proceeds as follows...
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...December 10, 2012 Gender Inequality: How Women get the Short Stick Gender equality and gender roles go hand in hand in today’s economy. These two concepts complement each other to the extent in which one must know about both to fully understand the capacity of either. Gender roles are roles each sex is given. These are stereotypical things. For example, things like women cook and males work. In todays economy men and women are not equal. Gender inequality and gender roles are one of our countries biggest issues. Gender is how people are seen by society. This is imprinted in the brain at a young age and is formed and molded through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and late adulthood. Each stage comes with different ideas about gender and power. Childhood is the point in life where the environment most influences the formation of gender schemas and stereotypes. Gender schemas are an important part of understanding how a person sees the opposite sex. Gender Schemas are “the generalizations that children develop about the differences between boys and girls” (Stevenson 3). On the other hand there is stereotyping. Stereotyping is also process that begins during childhood. Young children know that male stereotypes are high in power whereas female stereotypes convey fear and helplessness. Children are influenced by information about gender from family, peers, and the media (Stevenson 3). This justifies the argument that men and women aren’t treated equal. Gender Roles are evident...
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...PYC4805 DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (Child development) April 2015 Assignment 1 Unique number: 576231 Student number: 33692513 Liezel van Beek Ques%on 1: HOW COMPLEX ABILITIES OF NEWBORNS AND INFANTS CONTRIBUTE TO THE FORMATION OF FIRST SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS EXAMPLES: CULTURAL DIFFERENCES -‐Co-‐sleeping -‐Soothing techniques -‐Sling carrying -‐Motor development SLEEPING -‐5 STATES (NREM, REM, Drowsiness, Quiet alertness, Waking ac^ve/crying) -‐Dev. Nervous System -‐(Dis)organised behaviour CRYING STATES -‐Physical needs (hunger, temperature, noise, pain) -‐Crying when other babies cry -‐Abnormal crying -‐Communicate with caregivers -‐React to other’s suffering (empathy) EXAMPLES: -‐Eye blink -‐Roo^ng -‐Sucking -‐Swimming -‐Moro -‐Palmar grasp -‐Tonic neck -‐Stepping -‐Babinsky REFLEXES Parent/child bonding Sensory s^mula^on – alert, calm disposi^on Rhythm affect Actude & interac^on -‐Communicate ...
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...considerate, and professional when completing this worksheet. Part I Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: Race Ethnicity Religion Gender Sexual orientation Age Disability Category Stereotype 1 Stereotype 2 Stereotype 3 Race African Americans are thugs White people can’t dance Mexican work had Gender pink is for girls women aren’t as strong as men women can’t work the same jobs as men Part II Answer each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any? I’m not an advocate for stereotyping. To be honest, I don’t see anything positive that can come from stereotyping. No matter if the stereotyping is good or bad it’s putting someone in a category that the may not belong in. When I hear people say that I sound like a white person I get offended. Why is it that I can’t sound as though I have proper etiquette, why do I have to sound white? Part III Answer each question in 50 to 150 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. Define stereotypes and prejudice. What is the difference between stereotyping and prejudice? Use examples to illustrate the differences. Prejudice: A negative attitude toward an entire category of people, such as a racial or ethnic minority. (Richard T. Schaefer) Stereotypes: Unreliable...
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...Gender Roles in Teaching Liberal Studies 3000 Section 2 November 30, 2011 Abstract: This research paper covers the history of teachers in the classroom based on the factor of gender. The paper then discusses the effect that gender roles have on students, teachers and classrooms. Gender Roles in Teaching Try to think back to childhood, and ask the question how many male teachers did I have? The response to this is predominately low according to the National Education Association, who state that males only make up twenty-five percent of teachers today. It’s important for children to have teachers who are positive role models. Children benefit from having access to both male and female mentors throughout their early childhood education and school years. (Martin 2005). Currently, men make up only twenty-five percent of the elementary teaching workforce and the number of men teaching in early childhood services is even smaller. The NEA also states that at the secondary level, forty-five percent of teachers are male. It is apparent that these sectors of education need more male teachers to address this imbalance and give children the opportunity to learn from quality teachers of both genders. Children at all levels – early childhood, elementary and secondary, need positive role models so that they can become successful adults. Some of the factors that disinterest males from entering the teaching profession are: stereotyping...
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