...Economy, Efficiency and Effectiveness as Performance Indicators in Government Agencies Table of Contents Executive summary 3 Introduction 4 Economy 4 Effectiveness 5 Efficiency 6 Conclusion 7 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8 Executive summary Evaluation of performance is part of managing performance. Public agencies use economy, effectiveness and efficiency to determine performance. All these three parameters relate to inputs and outputs of the agency (Cutler, Cutler & Waine, 1997, p. 98). However, measurement of inputs and outputs presents some challenges. Thus, during measurement of performance of a public agency one has to make a choice of what to measure among the three parameters in order for performance to be evaluated effectively. For instance, economy relate to input, efficiency relate to input and output while effectiveness relate to output (Chai, 2009, p. 45). Thus, the effectiveness of these concepts in determination of performance depends largely on the methods adapted to measure indicators of these parameters. Introduction The process of managing performance involves setting social outcomes and strategic plans that entails focusing strategic plan on social outcomes, identifying value drivers, focusing managerial attention on activities...
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...NASA Engineering Department NASA Headquarters Suite 5R30 Washington, DC 20546 (202) 358-0001 (Office) (202) 358-4338 (Fax) nasa.gov January 20, 1986 Mr. Cummings Director of Investigations Federal Government Investigative Agency 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington D.C, 02210 Dear Mr. Cummings: RE: Challenger shuttle; solid-propellant booster O-ring failure I am writing to inform you about my concerns regarding the launch of space shuttle Challenger which is scheduled to launch on January, 28 1986. I have already attempted to voice my concerns to my engineering supervisor through an interoffice memorandum, but my concerns were promptly dismissed in a manner that failed to resolve my concerns. For this reason, I am writing to ask for your help in averting what could potentially be a fatal accident if these concerns are not addressed. I am an engineer working the space shuttle Challenger project. My job is to observe every part of the shuttle before and after it has been launched. I make detailed documentations of every part of the shuttle and ensure they are functioning according to its manual. The space shuttle is designed to be a reusable launch vehicle with two solid-propellant boosters, and a single liquid-propellant booster. My main concern is with regards to the solid-propellant booster. Unlike its liquid counterpart, a solid-propellant booster has the disadvantage that once it is ignited, there is no immediate method to shut it off or to control the...
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...Doctoral Proposal: Exploring the Impact of Outsourcing on a Government Agency By CHARLES KIMANI A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Doctorate. Doctor of Management in Organizational Leadership with a Specialization in Information Systems and Technology. University of Dedan Kimathi School of Technology September 2013 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................1 Introduction ..................................................................................... .......................................1 Background of the Problem.............................................................................................................. 2 Problem Statement...................................................................................................................... 4 Purpose Statement ........................................................................................................................5 Significance of the Study......................................................................................
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...Book Review Wilson, J, Q. (1989). Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It. New York: Basic Books. pp 433. Introduction: This book about bureaucracy gained much attention in the field of public administration. Along within the field of bureaucracy this book was able to become the center of interest for general public as well. This is a valuable book. The book is very informative as it caters vast group of audience i.e. start from a general public to a professional bureaucrat. This book also give an encyclopedic information to the students of management which likely to ask the questions about the government and bureaucracy. As its review of literature is very comprehensive that is why this is the most common book among the readers of content about government agencies. The book is a comprehensive and detailed. Wilson’s book is well written and depicts the real life case studies from federal agencies and government bureaucracy especially in the United States. From the start to the end of the book the author has given the detailed demonstration about the reasons what the government agencies do and why they do that in the way they do. The purpose of this book was to provide a new fresh content about the government bureaucracy along with providing comprehensive knowledge to answer the questions asked by students of public administration. The book was very useful for the audience for which it was written. In my opinion this book is a unique study of bureaucracies...
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...University of Phoenix Material Health Care Marketing Information Matrix There are a variety of information sources that may be used by consumers to obtain information relating to the marketing of health care products and services. The following matrix is intended to assist you in organizing the information contained in these sources. Consider the types of marketing messages that these information sources may contain and the reliability of the marketing message. Following the provided example, identify three examples of your own. Source of Health Information Type of Health-Related Information Marketing Messages How the Consumer May Assess the Accuracy or Reliability of the Marketing Messages List the information source, such as Internet websites, WebMD, MedLine, or the news media. Type of information provided by the source List at least one marketing message being communicated to the consumer within this information source. List one approach the consumer may use to verify the accuracy of the marketing message. Example: Website relating to Zyrtec McNEIL-PPC, Inc. (n.d.). Zyrtec. In Zyrtec. Retrieved from http://www.zyrtec.com/econsumer/zyrtec/index.view Example: Information relating to the use of Zyrtec in the treatment of allergies Example: Zyrtec is a fast-acting allergy medicine that maintains its effect for 24 hours after a single dose. Example: Use the product to assess whether it works as stated. Website relating to Flonase http://www.webmd...
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...Finance 1 Elnar, Jayson R. Prof: Mrs. Cardema CA6-C1 What is Financial Claims? Financial claims and obligations arise out of contractual relationships between pairs of institutional units. A financial claim: (a) entitles a creditor to receive a payment, or payments, from a debtor in circumstances specified in a contract between them; or (b) specifies between the two parties certain rights or obligations, the nature of which requires them to be treated as financial What Can I Claim For? There are three types of claims that we may be able to help you with, which are: • Mis-sold PPI (payment protection insurance on loans & credit cards) • Unfair Charges (credit card and bank charges) • Unfair Contracts (this includes unenforceable credit agreements for credit cards, loans and in some cases, mortgages) Mis-sold PPI Claims If you have a credit card, store card, loan or car finance there’s a fair chance you'll have payment protection insurance. Many of these policies were mis-sold, which means that you may be entitled to claim compensation. Remember If you’ve ever borrowed money, you could have a PPI. PPI is an insurance to cover your payments should you fall into financial hardship by becoming unemployed, ill or have suffered an accident. PPI cover can be purchased at the same time as the loan, mortgage or credit card is applied for, taken out later, or offered as a stand...
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...White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes Christie Perez Professor Joyce Weddle LEG 200 August 19, 2011 WHITE COLLAR CRIME THEORIES RELATED TO CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIME Theories have been used by humanity as a way of making sense or understand the concepts for all of the activities in a world we seem to be aware of, but that we do not seem to comprehend. In the evaluating case of our behavior we can review our minds, body and emotions as the simplistic force behind our actions; however at the same time the hidden complexity involved in those actions does not allow us to pinpoint the reasoning behind some of our behaviors in certain situations. In the case for individuals involved in white collar crimes, their behavior has been difficult to identify and understand. The mentality or concept of society in regards to a person violating the law usually is categorized differently. A person involved in a conventional crime typically is stereo-typed with a certain minority race, low society status and certain lifestyle usually associated with the crime. Also conventional crimes create a different type of fear in society in comparison to white collar crimes. It is the severity and direct impact of conventional crimes in a community which allow these crimes to be easily recognized and quickly punishable under the law. On the other hand, white collar crimes deals with opposite factors and has been associated with many theories in an attempt to establish awareness...
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...companies is contained in section 341(1) of the Act. By virtue of the said provisions, the Registrar is subject to the following prohibitions or restrictions when considering an application for a company name: o Prohibitions in the use of names included under the Minister’s direction; and o Any such name, which in the opinion of the Registrar, is undesirable. PROHIBITIONS MINISTER BY VIRTUE OF THE DIRECTION OF THE The Direction of the Minister is as gazetted under Government Gazette No. 716 dated 30 January 1997 and Gazette (Amendment) dated 11 October 2001. The contents of the Direction from the Minister are as follows – (a) Names suggesting connection with a members of the Royal family or Royal patronage including names containing such words as “Royal”, “King”, “Queen”, “Prince”, “Princess”, “Crown”, “Regent” or “Imperial”; (b) Names suggesting connection with a State or Federal government department, statutory body, authority or government agency or any municipality or...
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...LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF LAW COURSE CODE: Law 443 COURSE TITLE: Administrative Law I 1 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I Course Code: Course Title: Course Developer/Writer: Administrative Law I Law 443 Simeon Igbinedion, LL.B., LL.M., B.L., PH.D., Faculty of Law, University of Lagos. Professor Animi Awah Ifidon Oyakhiromen, LL.B, LLM, M.Phil, Ph.D, BL Course Editor: AG. Dean,/Programme Leader: Course Coordinator: Mr. Ayodeji ige, LLM, BL 2 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………………………………………….. 1 What You Will Learn in this Course …………………………………………….... 2 Course Aims ………………………………………………………………………. 3 Course Objectives ………………………………………………………………… 3 Study Units ……………………………………………………………………….. 3-4 Tutor-marked Assignment ……………………………………………………....... 4 References/Further Reading ……………………………………………...……. 4 3 LAW 443 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW I Introduction Consider a situation where your residential property in which you have lived for decades has been demolished by the authorities of the FCT, or the Lagos State Ministry of Environment for allegedly being located in an industrial area. Suppose some customs officers at a checkpoint found you in possession of items which they claim to be contraband and, therefore, seized pursuant to the new Customs policy of zero-tolerance of goods likely to endanger the economic growth or contribute to the...
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...Kim Clayton HLT-205 April 17, 2016 Instructor: Deborah Conway Government Agencies and Health Policy The United States Health Care system has evolved from the home visit by the town doctor concept, to a more complex system of regulatory agencies, policies, rules and regulations that govern the practice and art of medicine. It is a system in which billions of dollars have been budgeted and dedicated to ensuring the country is delivering affordable, quality care. The ultimate goal of the U.S. system is making sure quality care is accessible to its consumers and is value added care that will result in clinical outcomes aimed at reducing the nation’s mortality rate and increasing or extending the average life expectancy. In order to achieve that goal the system is divided into different segments, with each segment responsible for a specific function. For example, there are agencies that are responsible for the safety of prescriptions drugs; credentialing and accreditation; payments and reimbursements; and infectious diseases just to name a few. In addition to the agency’s specific function, the agency’s goals and objectives are driven by a specific mission and operate within their assigned scope; one such agency is the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (commonly referred to as the CDC). This essay will examine: the mission of the CDC; issues that are addressed by the CDC; the impact and influence the CDC has on policy and delivery and current initiatives of...
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...refers to activities and financial transactions that are accepted to disguise where the particular source or nature of the illicit activities cash flow is coming from. Usually, the money that is laundered is received from an illegal enterprise with the goal being to make it appear as though it is coming from a legitimate source. (“Overview - Money Laundering. (2014)”). 1B. Government Agencies or Other Organizations Involved These criminal actives may include, drug trafficking, smuggling, corruption and human trafficking, which usually generate large sums of profits for those individuals carrying out the act. Many governmental agencies are cracking down to help prevent these acts that have been associated with money laundering. The agencies are as listed: (“Other Government Agencies Combating Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing. (n.d.)”) * Federal Bureau of Investigation * Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation * Office of National Drug Control Policy * U.S State Department * Financial Crimes Enforcement Network * Office of Foreign Asset Control * Government Accountability Office 1C. Statistics and Reports of Money Laundering and Criminal Penalties Many investigations have started each year to look into possible acts of money laundering. As like most illegal acts, not all of them are caught however for the ones that have been caught doing the illegal act, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime have conducted studies to determine...
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...specified under section 20 (e) “Director General” means the Director General of FMU appointed under section 6; (f) “financial institutions” includes any institution carrying on any or more of the as listed in section 2(f). (g) “fiscal offence” means an offence punishable under the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001 (XLIX of 2001), the Federal Excise Act, 2005, the Customs Act, 1969 (IV of 1969), the Sales Tax Act, 1990 and any other law as the Federal Government may notify in this behalf; (h) “FMU” means the Financial Monitoring Unit established under section 6; (i) “foreign serious offence” means an offence – (i) against the law of a foreign State stated in a certificate issued by, or on behalf of, the government of that foreign State; and (ii) which, had it occurred in Pakistan, would have constituted a predicate offence; (j) “investigating or prosecuting agency” means the National Accountability Bureau (NAB), Federal Investigation Agency (FIA), Anti-Narcotics Force (ANF) or any other law enforcement agency as may be notified by the Federal Government for the investigation or prosecution of a predicate offence; (l) “investigating officer” means the officer nominated or appointed under section 24; (m) “National Executive Committee” means the National Executive Committee constituted under section 5; (n) “offence of money laundering” has the meaning as defined in section 3; (o) “person" means an individual, a firm, an entity, an association or a body of...
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...designed to help out the less fortunate for years and protect them from discrimination. Administrative law is especially valuable to agencies such The Department of Housing and Urban Development as it addresses fairness and responsibility issues with governing laws. Court cases help to make change where needed when it can be shown the system has failed or if one’s rights have been violated. The Department of Housing and Urban Development The Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) manages and is responsible for the running of programs that provide housing as well as community development assistance. The HUD agency also works to ensure fair and equal housing opportunity for all people. An example of one of the programs is the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), which is part of HUD, is a government agency which objectives are to improve housing conditions and standards as well as provide a house financing system with insurance of home mortgage loans. Congress created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) in 1934. The FHA became a part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Office of Housing in 1965. The HUD agency and issues it covers is very broad so administrative law is a must for this agency to ensure there is fair housing and equal opportunity. Administrative law covers several areas such as rule-making, agency discretion, test and inspection, mediation and arbitration, the requirements of fairness, due processes, hearings, equal protection...
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...Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322(a). Source: 53 FR 8086, 8087, Mar. 11, 1988, unless otherwise noted. Back to Top Subpart A—General Back to Top §18.1 Purpose and scope of this part. This part establishes uniform administrative rules for Federal grants and cooperative agreements and subawards to State, local and Indian tribal governments. Back to Top §18.2 Scope of subpart. This subpart contains general rules pertaining to this part and procedures for control of exceptions from this part. Back to Top §18.3 Definitions. As used in this part: Accrued expenditures mean the charges incurred by the grantee during a given period requiring the provision of funds for: (1) Goods and other tangible property received; (2) services performed by employees, contractors, subgrantees, subcontractors, and other payees; and (3) other amounts becoming owed under programs for which no current services or performance is required, such as annuities, insurance claims, and other benefit payments. Accrued income means the sum of: (1) Earnings during a given period from services performed by the grantee and goods and other tangible property delivered to purchasers, and (2) amounts becoming owed to the grantee for which no current services or performance is required by the grantee. Acquisition cost of an item of purchased equipment means the net invoice unit price of the property including the cost of modifications, attachments, accessories, or auxiliary apparatus necessary to make the property...
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...------------------------------------------------- Finances Hsm/240 January 11, 2014 [Company name] [Company address] January 11, 2014 [Company name] [Company address] The CWLA is provide direct support to every agency that serves children and their families by improving quality of the services they provide to more than nine million children every year. The programs, publications, research conferences that the CWLA participate in every year will improve staff and improve policies and procedures. Every child needs appropriate housing and support to become successful adults. Improving lives that have been destroyed is a goal for every organization involved in the CWLA. The CWLA plays a leading role in Fostering Connections and Increasing Adoptions Act this includes major child welfare. There are different ways that the CWLA provides funding for their organization. Although many funds are available directly from the State Welfare Agency the funding changes as the agencies have to provide for different clients. Not all clients will have all of the same needs so funding resources will vary. The CWLA does use the Administrative Rules and Regulation to analyze its eligibility rules. When an agency depends on funding from various state/federal government agencies it gives the social worker and staff member the opportunity to use the benefits that will benefit the client immediately. Depending on the needs of the client for example, if the client needs food it will have to qualify...
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