...Running Head: DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 1 Differential Global Positioning Systems Clay Guida Southern Illinois University DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 2 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) have become one of the greatest innovations of the modern world. Simply put, your personal guide to anywhere in the world. It can accurately get a fix on your position to within 100 meters. This is where most people would say that their GPS gets them down to ten meters or less, and they would be right. But it is GPS in coordination with the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) that gets them that accurate of a location. To understand this we must start from the beginning and go over GPS’s history. From there we will take a look at what causes some of the inaccuracies that GPS can. Then we can see how DGPS counters these and gives you the most accurate reading you can have. Differential Global Positioning System, GPS’s right hand man for accuracy. To understand how a DGPS helps a GPS we start at the beginning of it’s short history. Though made for use by the United States government, it was the Soviet Union that launched Sputnik in 1957 and gave us the idea. After the launch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) researches observed that they could pick up the radio signal that Sputnik was producing. They also realized that the sound of this transmission varied with the...
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...2014/comp/BS(S.E)/16869 Submitted to: Hina Qaiser Khan 14 -November,2014 Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Jinnah University for Women 5-C Nazimabad, Karachi 74600 ABSTRACT Where am I? Where am I going? Where are you? What is the best way to get there? When will I get there? In this paper GPS technology can answer all these questions. GPS satellite can show you exact position on the earth any time, in any weather, no matter where you are. GPS technology has made an impact on navigation and positioning needs with the use of satellites and ground stations the ability to track aircrafts, cars, cell phones, boats and even individuals has become a reality. A system of satellites, receivers that is able to determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by calculating the distance. System (GPS) is a worldwide radio-navigation system formed from constellation of 24 satellites. Navigation system is made for aircraft, ships, ground vehicles, and for hand carrying by individuals. Surveying, telecommunications facilities, and mapping, tracking etc is another use of GPS. Also in this paper feasibility is, to introduce tracking system in Jinnah University, that monitor students’progress until they have seen an academic advising resources and helps students graduate on time. TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENT iii LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF TABLES vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vii Chapter 1INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background...
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...2.0 Situation Analysis 2.1 General Environmental Analysis (i) The economic forces The sales that generated by TomTom are impacted by the economic fluctuations of the market in which it competes. If the economic is downturn, it is limited the capacity for business and consumers to spend, as a result, the level of revenues for TomTom are going down. For example, the economic recession in year 2009 was brings a huge impact to TomTom. The economic recession in year 2009 is considered the “dark side” for TomTom, it brings a huge impact to them and enables TomTom almost go into troubles and crisis situation. Until the huge recession in 2009 has passed away, the economics of TomTom still unable to fully recover and the revenue is still affected. The economic recession has brought more impact on TomTom in term of their sales and revenue growth. It leads to a significantly dropping of the sales and revenue growth of TomTom, for example “on 22nd July 2009, TomTom reported a fall of 61% in its net income at the end of 2nd quarter 2009”. TomTom has a significantly dropping of their sales and revenue growth because there have a price war exist during economic recession, especially in mature industries of TomTom such as in US and European, it was affected the profit earned by TomTom. Besides that, another reason is almost customers were reducing their expenditures and avoid buying the unnecessary things such as devices since it is still seen as luxury products during economic recession...
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...U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Analysis of the Impact of Replacing Out-dated GPS Devices in a Taxi Fleet Name: Samuel Stefopoulos Student ID: u5014042 Course name: Engineering Systems Analysis Course code: ENGN2226 Lecturer: Chris Browne Assessment piece: Individual Portfolio Date submitted: 25th October 2013 U5014042 ENGN2226 Portfolio Summary GPS devices have become increasingly common due to the advancements of electronics. They can now be hand-held and are highly prominent on roads. This is particularly noticeable in taxis, as most cabs are now fitted with some form of GPS device and many fleets have enforced mandatory GPS policies. This document analyses the impact and worth of refitting a fleet of taxis the size of Canberra Cabs with new portable GPS devices. A series of systems analysis techniques were applied in the analysis of the devices in order to reduce the complexity of the components. A major period of device improvement was identified as the time between 2007 and 2009 based on a diffusion of innovations analysis. The analysis of two particular devices, the TomTom XL 310 (2007) and the Garmin Nuvi 1350 (2009), were used as a comparative measure of the improvements made in the time period. The devices chosen for analysis were ergonomically assessed in terms of their user interface. The major factors improved were found to be the prediction of text and consistency with other devices users may be familiar with. An experiment was then designed and performed to...
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...電子裝置，是在汽車環境下能夠獨立使用的電子裝置，與汽車本身 性能、安全或控制無直接關係，包含綜合車載機、衛星導航系統、 影音娛樂系統等。 汽車電子零組件包含 IC 零組件、中央處理器(CPU)、記憶體、 微電腦控制器以及各類感測器等基礎元件。廣泛的汽車電子產業涵 蓋引擎/傳動系統(如電子點火系統、自動變速箱等)、懸吊/底盤系統 (包括動力方向盤、底盤控制、ABS 煞車系統等)、車身系統(包括車 燈、空調、天窗等)、車載資訊與通信、主動或被動安全系統(包括 安全氣囊、防碰撞雷達等)與防盜保全系統六大部分。 (二 )汽 車 電 子 產 品 分 類 汽車電子關聯產品與技術分類，係整合關鍵零組件如感測器、 微電腦控制器、影像與顯示器(Camera & Display)、致動器、半導體、 2 功率元件(Power Devices)等關鍵零組件；依其特性應用於智慧型車 輛的車體、引擎/傳動、主動/被動安全、保全、車載資訊與通信、電 力電子控制、懸吊與底盤系統等。 汽車電子關聯產品與技術分類的實例有(1)車體：如 LED 前車 燈 ； (2)引 擎 /傳 動系 統：電 子控制燃 料噴射 ； (3)主動 、被動 安全 (Active、 passive safety)：如適應性定速巡航系統 (Adaptive Cruise Control System，ACC)、適應性前燈照明系統(Adaptive Front Light System，AFS)、智慧型安全氣囊(Smart Airbag)、胎壓監測系統(Tire Pressure Monitoring System，TPMS)、導車雷達等；(4)保全(Security)： 無鑰進入系統(Keyless entry)；(5)車載資訊與通信(Telematics)：衛星 導航等各式車載機(GPS & Navigation & ETC On Board Unit)、抬頭 顯示器(Head Up Display，HUD)、夜視系統(Night Vision System， NVS)、車載影音娛樂系統等；(6)電力電子：如複合動力車(Hybrid Electric Vehicles ， HEV) 、 燃 料 電 池 電 動 車 (Fuel...
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...Navigation Devices become popular? What technologies are required to facilitate the success of PNDs? A PND uses a GPS signals to determine the device’s location and display it on a digital map. Additional software brings features such as routing, driving conditions, suggested directions, ETA, interactivity, etc. The main features of PNDs that made them popular were convenience and accuracy of information. Before PNDs, to navigate one would need paper maps. Paper maps can become quickly outdated and cannot show current location. Users would have to know their locations in order to manually calculate a route to destination. A PND calculates the current location by triangulation of GPS signals and software calculates a route based on multiple criteria (fastest or shortest route, traffic conditions, etc). As the technology evolved, more features were packed in PND such as POI (points of interest). While a paper map can aid in manually generate a route to known destination, it cannot help finding a POI of which location is unknown to the user. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? If we are talking about dedicated PND, the market leaders are Garmin, TomTom and Magellan. However, if we are looking at the total number of GPS enabled devices that provide navigation features, then the combined sales of Samsung, Motorola, HTC and Nokia devices make...
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...operations are services with mobile navigation solution , map content and services by the business units TOMTOM and TELE ATLAS.TOMTOM financial performance: looking at profitability and financial strength. From 2005 to 2007, the company had a consistent growth in revenue sales with a corresponding increase in net income. This changed from 2008 with a decline in sales revenue of 3.7% and a net income decrease of 136%. This can be accounted by the downturn of the economy but also indicates that TOMTOM did not change its strategy quick enough to absorb the changes in the economy. Sales revenue further decreased in 2009. Also look at competitive strength, TOMTOM is suffering from continuous pressure from competition and decrease in retail prices of GPS units. GARMIN is still the leader with market share of 45% while TOMTOM has a market share of 24%. Based on the above, TOMTOM has a competitive strategy but not a total winning strategy. They need to look at the industry and be more pro-active at market changes and other threats which they identified. TRENDS: Demand for portable navigation devices have declined as traffic and mapping functions are becoming an almost standard feature in cars and mobiles. It will thus look like these device’s market has reached its saturation point. It would seem that more focused is placed on fleet tracking in the satellite navigation industry and companies need to shift focus and adjust their strategies accordingly. Other market which is still available is...
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...Objectives a. To study on the underlying knowledge used in the development of the GPS and how and why the GPS was developed. b. To research on the use of the GPS including the profile and type of user, the purpose it is used for and the developments together with new knowledge created through the use of GPS. Problem statement In this developed society, it is obvious that mankind has arrived at yet another golden era with rapidly advancing technology. The 21st century has appeared that human are at busiest to compete to gain wealth by exploiting all possible resources. However, busy lifestyle has caused issues such as traffic congestion. Time always appears to be a resource easily hit scarcity. This era where information is the riches has invoked the demand of mankind on a tool to navigate so that time will not be wasted when they are lost in traffic. Therefore a tool to guide direction is developed and introduced to the society. Introduction The Global Positioning System (GPS) is selected as the tool in this assignment. Though GPS appears to be a common tool in the society, not everyone understands the process of development gone through by GPS. Global Positioning System is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial...
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...MM 578 Consumer behavior | GIVE A GARMIN | MARKETING STRATEGY FOR GPS NAVIGATION DEVICE | | Marcus J. Lumpkin | MARKET ANALYSIS Company Garmin Limited is a publicly-traded company that specializes in navigation and communication devices for the public. With world headquarters in Olathe, Kansas, the company has grown from only a tiny number of employees in 1989 to over 7,000 employees worldwide today. (www.garmin.com, 2010) Their most popular item, the GPS navigation system for automobiles is amongst the leaders in the industry for such devices. The company also designs and manufactures GPS devices for use in boats, aviation, hiking, fitness and cellular phone and pda units. Customers The customers of Garmin products can be just about anyone who can drive an automobile, or operate a boat or plane. Customers would also include those engaged in aforementioned activities such as hiking, working out or using a cell phone. More specifically though, Garmin customers are those who are bad with directions and frequently get lost. Customers would also include those who may spend a lot of time travelling by automobile, whether locally or for long distances. Competitors Competitors of Garmin exist in many well known names to consumers of electronics. TomTom is a Dutch navigation device maker and market-leader in the field, and poses the biggest competition to the Garmin brand. However recognized brand names such as Sony and Phillips have since entered the niche...
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...know have one, if not more, in their house. Technology will continue to play a pivotal role as we become dependent on certain aspects. Can you remember what things were like before the internet, or what you would do without your iPod? Can you imagine how tedious it must have been to duplicate a document before copy machines came along, or how you feel when you leave your cell phone at home and must live without it for the day? Once introduced, technology becomes integrated into our everyday lives. We believe that Garmin’s business of GPS navigation devices is still relatively young and has not caught on with the general public yet. While the company is experiencing very high growth rates, there is so much of the market that has yet to be tapped. As these GPS products become more well-known and mainstream, they have the chance to end up like cell phones and iPods. In ten years people will be asking how they ever lived without their GPS navigation device in the past. They won’t be able to drive, hike, run, or fish without it. A specific trend in technology, and specifically for small, hand-held devices, is multi-functionality. Just like everyone likes a Swiss Army knife because of all its features, consumers go crazy over phones that not only offer the traditional calling capabilities, but also take pictures, play music, and record video. Garmin has products with several elements such as XM radio, XM traffic, large touch-screens, marine radar information, and personal...
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...Report Plan On The Use Of Phones Equipped With GPS For Merchandisers. I am writing a report plan indicating why Pepsi Company should equip their merchandisers’ phones with a GPS. The audience of this report consists of the Human Resources Department, Sales Managers, Territorial Sales Managers and Merchandising Managers. The topic of the report is to upgrade the merchandisers’ phones with Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. This would require doing away with their current two-way phones to smart phones, which are equipped with GPS and texting capabilities. The Smart phones will aid the Sales Managers and Merchandising managers to be able to track the Merchandisers anywhere they would be. The purpose of this report is to persuade the Management of Pepsi Company on how cost effective on gas and time it will be should the Merchandisers’ phones be equipped with GPS devices. The device will assist the Merchandisers to be on time and track and not get lost whiles driving around. The system will also enable the Managers to be able to track their whereabouts at all times knowing very well that some Merchandisers just linger in town doing no official work but will love to work and claim overtime. It will also help boost sales. My research would encompass factual data from companies like Coco-Cola and 7Up who already use this system. This research would comprise data from before and after they started implementing the system. It would also include results from pilot projects that...
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...Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals. This enables GPS receivers to determine their current location, time and velocity. The GPS satellites are maintained by the United States Air Force. GPS is often used by civilians as a navigation system. On the ground, any GPS receiver contains a computer that "triangulates" its own position by getting bearings from at least three satellites. The result is provided in the form of a geographic position - longitude and latitude - to, for most receivers, within an accuracy of 10 to 100 meters. Software applications can then use those coordinates to provide driving or walking instructions. Getting a lock on by the GPS receivers on the ground usually takes some time especially where the receiver is in a moving vehicle or in dense urban areas. The initial time needed for a GPS lock is usually dependent on how the GPS receiver starts. There are three types of start - hot, warm and cold. The hot start is when the GPS device remembers its last calculated position and the satellites in view, the almanac used (information about all the satellites in the constellation), the UTC Time and makes an attempt to lock onto the same satellites and calculate a new position based upon the previous information. This is the quickest GPS lock but it only works if you are generally in the same location as you were when the GPS was last turned off. The warm start is when the GPS device remembers its last calculated position, almanac used, and UTC...
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...The PND’s capabilities are vast. They allow the users the ability to search and navigate to their desired locations. Most of the latest PNDs have memory, which allow users the ability to search and store their favorites. This increases efficiency and eliminates rekeying the most common destination, i.e. HOME. Today’s technology allows for each electronic device to have connectivity with the Internet. This connectivity can be used to update software regularly with patches, bug fixes as well as new map locations, roads, highway and by-ways. Even restaurants, gas stations, and stores are accessible via the Internet. PNDs operate by use of a global positioning system (GPS) in conjunction with connectivity satellites. This system is used to gain their respective work using GPS navigation satellites to gain their respective GPS coordinates. With these coordinates the internal system can place them on the map that have been installed within the PND and shows the user where they are in relation to other locations and can even give the best path from point A to point B. 2. Who are some of the leaders in PNDs? What are the likely factors that will contribute to winning in this marketplace? Between the top PND leaders are Garmin, TomTom, Magellan, and Motorola. The PND that I have personal experience with is the TomTom. TomTom is a European produces rugged, small easy-to-use handheld models that are perfect for hunting, fishing and traveling. It established is first PND product line...
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...Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and radios are of immense use even at an unassuming place such as an amusement park. This case study discusses how a family with children visited Disneyland and Disney's California Adventure Park taking along with them a GPS receiver. This GPS receiver was a Garmin seventy six cs, and came with four GPS radios that were Rino five hundred and twenty HCx. The family initially used the GPS receiver with the standard basemap, and later with the StoneMaps. The case study tries to understand how the family used these units and made good use of the radios. These radios turned out most useful as a means of communications given they were often in a crowd and split up from time to time to explore different amusements. The GPS receiver was also a help because children tended to wander away. The paper highlights how the equipment maximized the family's time and fun by offering a ready guide around the place, activities and a tracking and communication system that involved the children as well. It discusses the details offered on the maps. The paper points out that the maps are uncluttered and they are visually clear and appealing on a color screen. The available maps are also compatible with older units. They offer an overview when zoomed out and display details when zoomed in. The paper also offers details on the waterproof features of the Rino GPS units along with the carry a backlight for use at night...
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...Independent Equity Research AskAnalyst.com Chisinau, Moldova info@askanalyst.com +373-796-24706 Initiation of Coverage 26 September 2005 TomTom NV Eurolist: “TOM2” Rating: Buy Price target: 45.9 EUR Quote 52-Week Range Recent Price Market Cap Shares Outstanding 09/26/05 35.86 $3,673.0 Mn 102.4 Mn € ’mn Revenue EBITDA Net Income Total Assets Total Debt Shareholders’ Equity Debt/Equity ROE ROA EPS P/E 2003A € 39.1 10.4 6.2 21.0 0.0 7.6 0.0 134% 48% € 0.06 2004A € 192.4 44.5 27.7 91.1 0.0 37.8 0.0 122% 49% € 0.26 2005E € 562.7 131.4 95.5 399.2 0.0 249.6 0.0 66% 39% € 0.86 41.8 2006E € 1,115.4 244.6 170.6 698.3 0.0 422.2 0.0 51% 31% € 1.53 23.5 We are initiating coverage of TomTom with BUY rating. The company has entered the commercialization phase after several years of development and reported tremendous growth of revenue, profits and cash flows. The company has the right product in the right place and at the right time, excellent operating and distribution capabilities, strong management team and a skyrocketing market. In addition, the company has excellent opportunities to outperform the market in terms of growth, as currently it is the leader on the European market, has the best product according to various research entities and sufficient cash resources to acquire smaller competitors and to finance the growth. TomTom’s expansion initiatives will provide it with stronger revenue streams from U.S., Australia, Eastern Europe and Asia. Moreover, TomTom has developed...
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