...In recent years, students have been paying more to attend college and earning less upon graduation—trends that have led many observers to question whether a college education remains a good investment. However, an analysis of the economic returns to college since the 1970s demonstrates that the bene ts of both a bachelor’s degree and an associate’s degree still tend to outweigh the costs, with both degrees earning a return of about 15 percent over the past decade. e return has remained high in spite of rising tuition and falling earnings because the wages of those without a college degree have also been falling, keeping the college wage premium near an all-time high while reducing the opportunity cost of going to school. The sluggish labor market recovery from the Great Recession has refueled the debate about the value of a college degree. Although the unemployment rate of college-educated workers has remained well below average, there is mounting evidence that recent college graduates are struggling to nd good jobs.1 At the same time, college tuition has risen sharply, reaching record highs, and col- lege graduates are increasingly nding themselves saddled with debt from student loans used to nance their education. By the end of 2013, aggregate student loan debt in the United States exceeded $1 trillion, and more than 11 percent of student loan balances were either severely delinquent or already in default.2 With the costs of college rising and the bene ts in doubt, many...
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...Research Problem: The current trend in the educational sector shows a decline in the number of enrollment of the students at higher level of education at colleges over the globe. There could be many reasons behind this inclination but among the major causes, the increasing cost of higher education is the most important one. Hypothesis: “The high admission cost and tuition fee have turned away potential college students leading to a decrease in number of enrollments in higher educational level.” Introduction: In the contemporary world, college degree has become indispensable credential to survive in the workforce. But with soaring costs of higher education not every potential student has been able to afford the luxury of being a graduate. Over half of college students have shown concern regarding the payment of their college fee. This is the highest this number has been since 1971 (Marill and O’Leary 64-66, 93). Also the increasing trend of unemployment over the entire globe has helped in tightening the terms and conditions for college student debt. Although the financial aids have helped the students a lot in pursuing their desired professions but still this number is much smaller than the number of students affected by the high education cost. Although the decreasing number of entries in colleges can mainly be attributed to high cost of education, but there are many other factors which play important role in the current decreasing trend. Whatever the reason may be...
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...emilThe descriptive analysis shows that 49% are female and 51% are male graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus. 26% graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus schooling background from private sector and 74% from government sector. 16% graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus belong to rural area and 84% belong to urban area. 29% graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus done their forming schooling from English medium schools and 71% from Urdu medium schools. 10% graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus got tuition and 90% do not get tuition. 12% graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus are hostelries and 88% are day scholar. For the regression analysis we use Microsoft Excel 2007. We took student academic performance (Test Score) as a dependent variable and gender, age, faculty of study, schooling, father/guardian social economic status, residential area, medium of schooling, tuition, study hour and accommodation as independent variables. After fitting the model (see, section 4.2) we conclude that the age, income and hour are statistically significant. This thing revealed that the university or government should take into account the following factors (age, income and hour). The impact of other factors may also on academic performance (Test Score) but it is not strongly...
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...in Washington, D.C. have focused on assuring quality outcomes for students by enhancing existing regulations and proposing new ones. Underlying this scrutiny is an apparent belief that private sector educational providers are likely to suppress investments in educational quality and student outcomes in favor of profits. As a result, there has been much subjective discussion around the private sector’s role in post-secondary education with a limited level of objective facts. In an effort to shed more objective light on the role of private sector education providers, The Parthenon Group examined the following question: Do private sector post-secondary schools deliver value to students and society? Over the past several months, through an analysis of U.S. Department of Education longitudinal studies, industry data, and primary research, Parthenon conducted a rigorous examination of the private sector’s ability to provide meaningful post-secondary outcomes. E d u c at i o n c E n t E r o F E x c E l l E n c E w w w. p a r t h e n o n . c o m Parthenon Perspectives Private Sector Post-Secondary Schools — Do They Deliver Value to Students and Society? www.parthenon.com The Debate Surrounding the Private Sector’s Role in Post-Secondary Education Recently, U.S. private sector post-secondary education providers have come under intense legislative, regulatory, political, and press...
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...UMUC SWOT Analysis Strengths: * High quality academic programming at the undergraduate and graduate level with many programs accredited and/or aligned with their professional association * Excellent geographic location to provide service locally ,regionally ( Webtycho) * Diverse faculty in terms of ethnicity and gender * Highly qualified, experienced, and dedicated cadre of adjunct faculty and full- and part-time * instructors Weaknesses: * Lack of cohesion across all programs and areas in department * Lack of consistency of advising at the graduate level * Low graduation rates * Little to no testing for enrollment in undergraduate or graduate programs * Lack of global exposure to the college Opportunities: * Online classes make programs more available to those who may not wish to purse a degree bu a certificate, on-line classes make school more appealing to parents with smaller children and to professionals who cannot attend set classes * Diversity in the facility as well as in the students * Technology: being able to access your webtycho on a phone or tablet Threats: * Competing with big name universities who also have on-line courses * The rise of tuition * Technology: not being able to access your coursework form of technology i.e. smartphone, tablet How did the various SWOT elements get reflected in the recently unveiled UMUC Strategic Plan for 2009-2013 The UMUC SWOT report shows us how UMUC...
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...MARKETING CONSULTANT BY THE ANU COUNCIL, PREPARE A MARKETING REPORT FOR THE COUNCIL TO TELL THEM WHAT THE UNIVERSITY CAN DO IN ORDER TO PERFORM BETTER MKT 619: MARKETING MANAGEMENT (INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY) By Walter Onekon Angwere 15J03EMEV002 AN INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT OF AFRICA NAZARENE UNIVERSITY. OCTOBER, 2015 Table of content Executive Summary……………………………………………..……...……………………..2 Introduction………………………………………….………….…………………………..…2 Profile of ANU…...………………………………………………...………...………………..2 Situation Analysis of 7Ps implemented by ANU…………………...….……………….…......3 Product…………………………………………………………......…………………………..3 Price…………………………………………..….................................……………………..4 Promotion…………………………………...………….…………….......……………………5 Place………………….………………………………………………………..………………6 Physical evidence……………………………………………...……………...……………….6 Processes……………………………………………...……………………...………………..7 People………………………………………………...…………………...………….……..…7 Conclusion…………………………………………...………………………………………...8 Personal View………………………….……………………….………...…………..………..8 Reference……………………………………………...…………….………………..…..……9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY African Nazarene University (ANU) was initiated by the Nazarene Church International and it began its operation in Kenya in...
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...1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND The goal of the students in the graduate studies is to acquire a unique experience, to develop more professionally, to sharpen a variety of skills, and to learn some new ones. Graduate education represents mastery of an academic discipline. As distinct from undergraduate education, graduate education provides advance knowledge in the field of study that is characterized by specialized training in the discipline’s theory, research, methodology, and critical analysis. Since graduate education is concentrated, learning is more self-directed and involves more individualized instruction and mentoring than does learning for baccalaureate degree. A master’s degree provides student with the skills necessary to generate new knowledge and to apply existing new knowledge. It also provides student with the professional ethics and values of the discipline. Graduate school is training in research. It is for people who love research, scholarship and teaching for their own sake and for the difference they can sometimes make in the world. (Phil. Agre. 1996). Graduate school generally takes five to eight years. The first year is often the worst. It usually consists of an overwhelming amount of structured reading designed to give general background in the basic text of the particular field. Graduate education requires significant investment of financial and personal resources and students...
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...university degree and will demonstrate which one outweighs the other. I will also start by defining what a university degree actually is. A degree can be defined as an academic diploma that is received from a college or university. It is an official certificate that a person gains after completing three to four years of study at an academic institution of higher education. The most common type of degree is called a ‘bachelors’ degree, which is also known as a first degree. Owning a degree qualifies a person for various professional fields. For some fields, for example the medical field, the occupations have titles for which a degree must first be obtained. To gain the title of ‘doctor’, a doctorate must be completed. This is an advanced graduate degree programme and is the highest form of degree. Other forms of degree include a master’s degree which is a course of study taken after a first degree is obtained. Many professions require at least a basic first degree. Fields such as medicine, science and law require an advanced degree and sometimes a doctoral degree. Some fields that require a basic degree or higher, include business and education. Possession of any type of degree can often be seen the degree holders name. For example John Smith BBA, this would stand for bachelor’s degree of business administration, or M.D. which would stand for doctor of medicine. Doctoral candidates require completion of a dissertation or thesis, which is a piece of original research. This must...
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...Abstract The present research study was design to investigate the factors affecting academic performance of graduate students of Islamia University of Bahawalpur Rahim Yar Khan Campus. The variables under consideration were the academic performance (student’s grades/marks) as a dependent variable and the gender, age, faculty of study, schooling, father/guardian social economic status, and residential area, medium of schooling; tuition trend, daily study hours and accommodation trend were independent variables. The data were collected from 100 students through separate structured questionnaire from different departments of Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus using the simple random sampling technique. For analysis, linear regression model, correlation analysis, and descriptive analysis were used. The findings revealed that age, father/guardian social economic status and daily study hours significantly contribute the academic performance of graduate students. A linear model was also proposed that will be helpful to improve the academic performance of graduate students at University level. 1. Introduction Students academic gain and learning performance is affected by numerous factor including gender, age, teaching faculty, students schooling, father/guardian social economic status, residential area of students, medium of instructions in schools, tuition trend, daily study hour and accommodation as hostelries or day scholar. Many researchers conducted detailed...
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...University The Progressive Path: A New Approach for the Modern Student Recent college graduate…in debt. Early to mid-twenties…in debt. No retirement or emergency savings…in debt. Minimal work experience…in debt. Too many Americans are subject to this common denominator…in debt. For far too long we have become accustomed to the monotony and strenuous financial burden of at least four years of college immediately following four years of high school. At times, this may be a wise path for a student to follow but we as a society need to take a step back to analyze whether or not this truly is the best path in the long run. According to Barbara King (2015), an assistant professor of mathematics at Florida International University, when she collected data pertaining to 1,947 students majoring in Life Science, Business, Social Science, Education, Humanities, and Physical Science/Engineering, she found that 37% of them switched their major, thus delaying their graduation and increasing their debt obligation. Any student planning on taking full responsibility for their tuition should consider delaying enrollment in higher education after high school to make way for an entry-level position because they are more likely to graduate with a lower debt obligation, they will enjoy a more bountiful retirement, and they will most likely be both financially literate and free. By delaying enrollment, a high school graduate can apply for an entry-level position at a company that employs positions requiring...
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...Undocumented Students and Access To Higher Education in America Juan M. Galvan Liberty University Abstract This paper exposes the urgency to implement an immigration reform that would eliminate educational and occupational barriers to millions of undocumented students that want to pursue a postsecondary education. The information in this research examines the impact undocumented students may have in society and the economy of this country. There are thousands of undocumented students that graduate high school every year and have no opportunities to pursue a higher education degree, thus increasing the chances of poverty in this country, increase in unemployment and a serious negative shift in the economy. Given the increase role that immigrants and their children play in American society in the coming years, it is essential to give as many young people as possible the opportunity to enroll an succeed in postsecondary education. This should push for policy makers and educators to focus on increasing immigrants’ participation in postsecondary education to ensure the long-run strength of the U.S economy. By providing legal residency or working permit as a condition to earn a degree to contribute to society it will definitely increase this nation’s economy and reduce unemployment and poverty. UNDOCUMENTED STUDENTS AND HIGHER EDUCATION The educational system in the United States offers the opportunity to millions of students to receive an education from preschool...
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...CONSIDERING TRADE SCHOOL AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO COLLEGE The only conclusion that can be arrived at once reading the article “Why You Should Consider Trade School Instead of College” is that trade school delivers the most lucrative incentives for students. The incentive of this paper is to provide a synopsis of the reading. The compelling considerations the writer presents are derived from comprehensively offering comparisons and analysis. Coincidentally, such key factors: cost of tuition comparison, graduating challenges and percentages, length of time used to acquire a degree, and finally, the potential economic conditions with respect to the article where critically presented. The writer developed a targeted argument to underscore that while it was commendable and not only justifiable to attend a traditional four year college, there is more reason to justify trade school as the main choice to develop a career. Interestingly, the writer presents an argument that while options for future development are restricted due to the targeted vocational nature of trade school education as opposed to that of traditional college options. Coincidentally, it is within this context that the writer identifies the singularity of purpose behind why such a consideration is the most lucrative and the only reasonable considerable conclusion. Now that the paper has briefly introduce a synopsis into the context of the reading it will now develop and reinforce support for its position by relating the...
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...NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE DYNAMICS OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FOR BLACKS, HISPANICS, AND WHITES Stephen V. Cameron James J. Heckman Working Paper 7249 http://www.nber.org/papers/w7249 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 July 1999 We thank Stephanie Aaronson, Joseph Altonji, Shubaum Chauduri, Terri Devine, Tom Kane, and Christopher Taber for valuable comments. We thank Marvin Kosters for valuable comments and for making this paper possible. The first draft of this paper was presented at an NBER conference on higher education at Cambridge, MA in April 1992. It was also presented at a Public Economics workshop at the University of Chicago (May 1992), sponsored by J. Hotz, at the Institute of Research on Poverty (Wisconsin), June 1997, and at Cornell University, April 1997. This work was supported by the American Bar Foundation and by NSF-SBR-93-21-048, NSF 97-09-893, and by NICHD:R01-HD32058-01A1; NICHD:R01-34598-03; NIH:R01-HD34958-01; NIH:R01-HD32058-03, and by grants from the Mellon Foundation and the Spencer Foundations. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 1999 by Stephen V. Cameron and James J. Heckman. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. The Dynamics of Educational Attainment for Blacks...
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...to earn a bachelor's degree within four years unless a student takes an additional six hours during the summer. The primary route to earning a bachelor’s degree within four years is to successfully complete 15 credit hours per semester, for a total of 30 credit hours annually. To improve college graduation rates and encourage on-time completion, the state of Georgia has launched 15 to Finish, a proven advisement, retention, progression, and graduation initiative that encourages students to take 15 credits per semester, thereby spending less time and money to earn a degree. The goal of Complete College Georgia and 15 to Finish is to provide better information and educate all students on tuition and fees, graduation rates and job opportunities to ensure successful college completion. The 15 to Finish initiative is important because many students express a desire to graduate within four years. Colleges are referred to as either four-year or two-year institutions, but most students are taking longer to graduate. In fact, if 100 students entered college today in the state of Georgia, only 11 students would graduate on time at a four-year college and only five would graduate on time at a two-year college (Complete College America, 2011). Full time-students are taking an average of five years to earn a bachelor’s degree and four years to earn an associate degree (Complete College Georgia, 2011). Many students are unaware of the potential consequences that can result from...
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...shown in previous research a relationship between tuition fee and student enrollment exists, this study focusses on this relationship moderated by government aid and career expectations. By manipulating these variables in a questionnaire with vignettes all other variables able to influence this relationship are controlled as much as possible. Results suggest that a variation in both government aid and career expectation influence students’ decision to enroll both for their first study as for a further study after graduation. The effect of career expectations seems to be the most crucial on a student’s enrollment choice. How career expectations, tuition fees and government aid impact student enrollment Education in all its forms is one of the fundamental elements of societies. By educating people a society can function and develop. This is especially the case in western countries in which knowledge, which can be acquired through education is of crucial importance. The need for high educated persons is of great importance for western countries such as member states of the European Union. The importance of higher education is reflected in strategies launched by the European Union (Rodriguez, al, 2010; European Commission, 2010), aiming towards a knowledge economy and becoming more competitive in future years. This vision is also being shared outside the European Union (Yang, 2011). The tuition fees in the Netherlands are rising and government...
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