...R outledge Revision: Questions & Answers Jurisprudence 2011–2012 Each Routledge Q&A contains approximately 50 questions on topics commonly found on exam papers, with answer plans and comprehensive suggested answers. Each book also offers valuable advice as to how to approach and tackle exam questions and how to focus your revision effectively. New Aim Higher and Common Pitfalls boxes will also help you to identify how to go that little bit further in order to get the very best marks and highlight areas of confusion. And now there are further opportunities to hone and perfect your exam technique online. New editions publishing in 2011: Civil Liberties & Human Rights Commercial Law Company Law Constitutional & Administrative Law Contract Law Criminal Law Employment Law English Legal System Routledge Q&A series Equity & Trusts European Union Law Evidence Family Law Jurisprudence Land Law Medical Law Torts For a full listing, visit http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/revision R outledge Revision: Questions & Answers Jurisprudence 2011–2012 David Brooke Senior Lecturer in Law and Module Leader in Jurisprudence at Leeds Metropolitan University Fifth edition published 2011 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the U S A and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2011...
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... 1 What is the nature of Law? What is the Law? Does humanity have any regard for laws?Do all societies have the same laws? The answer to these questions, are thought to have two competing answers. The classical answer is provided by natural law theory, which is frequently characterized as asserting that there is an essential relationship between law and morality or justice. The modern answer is provided by legal positivism, which, as developed by John Austin, asserted that law is the command of the sovereign backed by the threat of punishment. Arguments over the nature of law focus on a revised set of positions. Legal positivism is represented by analytic legal positivists, like H.L.A. Hart, Joseph Raz, and Jules Coleman. The natural law tradition is defended by John Finnis. And a new positition,interpretivism is represented by Ronald Dworkin. The "What is law?" question has been approached by contemporary legal philosophers who have over many decades attempted to define the term. For example, the sociological tradition includes important work on the nature of law by Max Weber and Niklas Luhmann. . Natural law theory is strongly associated with classical and medieval thought, especially Aristotle, Roman jurisprudence, and St. Thomas Aquinas. There are several challenges associated with the task of explicating natural law theory, and one of the most important tasks of this introductory entry is simply to identify these challenges...
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...Concept of law: It was proposed by Prof. H L A Hart. The Concept of Law (ISBN 0-19-876122-8) is the most famous work of the legal philosopher H. L. A. Hart. It was first published in 1961 and develops Hart's theory of legal positivism (the view that laws are rules made by human beings and that there is no inherent or necessary connection between law and morality) within the framework of analytic philosophy. In this work, Hart sets out to write an essay of descriptive sociology and analytical jurisprudence. The Concept of Law provides an explanation to a number of traditional jurisprudential questions such as "what is law?", "must laws be rules?", and "what is the relation between law and morality?". Hart answers these by placing law into a social context while at the same time leaving the capability for rigorous analysis of legal terms, which in effect "awakened English jurisprudence from its comfortable slumbers".[1] As a result Hart's book has remained "one of the most influential works in modern legal philosophy",[2] and is also considered a "founding text of analytical legal philosophy",[3] as well as "the most successful work of analytical jurisprudence ever to appear in the common law world The starting point for the discussion is Hart's dissatisfaction with John Austin's "Command Theory": a jurisprudential concept that holds that law is command backed by threat and is meant to be ubiquitous in its application. Hart likens Austin's theory to the role of a gunman in...
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...Operating Instructions Proline Promass 83 HART Coriolis Mass Flow Measuring System 6 BA00059D/06/EN/14.12 71197481 Valid as of version V 3.01.XX (Device software) Proline Promass 83 Table of contents Table of contents 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Designated use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, commissioning and operation . . . . . . . . Operational safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes on safety conventions and icons . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 6 6 6 5.2 5.3 2 2.1 Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Device designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1.1 Nameplate of the transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.1.2 Nameplate of the sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1.3 Nameplate for connections . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Certificates and approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Registered trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5.4 2.2 2.3 3 3.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Incoming acceptance, transport and storage . . . . . . 3.1.1 Incoming acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.2 Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.3 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation conditions ...
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...specific individual. Positive law comes from the regulations made by the lawmaker. Positive law describes the laws made by humans and obligate people to do a specific action. Positive laws also refer to the laws established by a particular group of people to define specific rights. Under natural rule, something is illegal because it is wrong and is inappropriate to our human nature. Under positive rules, an action is wrong because it is illegal. Natural law and positive law are opposite, and Aristotle states that the laws are a contrast. Both the natural law and positive law have theorists who simply the topic of law and society. The natural law theorists are Aristotle, St. Thomas and Plato while the legal positivists are Thomas Hobbes, H.L.A Hart and John Austin (Adolphe, Fastiggi & Vacca, 2012). Nevertheless, natural law is more essential than the positive law. Positive law has no power to abrogate or change natural law. Positive law focuses primarily on human behavior and activities which the natural law does not rule out. Positive law, as St. Thomas says, ‘'can only add value to natural rules; it cannot subtract from the law ''. Therefore, another possible way of looking at the partition of law into positive law and natural law is to say that positive law refers to the rules that are additional to natural rules. According to Plate and Aristotle, reason and nature forms the concept of justice and law. However, Aquinas states that the lawmakers must have the interest...
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...E. (2008). A synthetic CNS stimulant and sympathomimetic is what an amphetamine is. As amphetamines can contain carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen atoms, the more potent version that people from the right-hand form is called dextroamphetamine. While levoamphetamine, which is not commonly available by it’s self, combining it with dextroamphetamine to make Adderall. “A modified form of d-amphetamine, formulated by substituting CH3 (called a methyl group) for H at one end, is called methamphetamine” (Levinthal, C. F., 2014, p. 102). Methamphetamine method is a quicker passage across the blood-brain barrier and it’s also often called meth, speed, or...
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...The Global Conference for Wikimedia 6 - 10 August 2014 · London FIND OUT MORE Close Literature review From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For a focused scientific review, see Systematic review. [hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (November 2010) This article needs attention from an expert on the subject. (May 2014) A literature review is a text of a scholarly paper, which includes the current knowledge including substantive findings, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. Literature reviews use secondary sources, and do not report new or original experimental work.[1] Contents [hide] 1 Types of Literature Reviews 2 Distinguishing between Process and Product 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading Types of Literature Reviews[edit] Most often associated with academic-oriented literature, such as a thesis or peer-reviewed article, a literature review usually precedes a research proposal and results section. Its main goals are to situate the current study within the body of literature and to provide context for the particular reader. Literature reviews are a staple for research in nearly every academic field.[2] A systematic review is a literature review focused on a research question, trying to identify, appraise, select and...
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...m w e a n B usiness S trategy a nd H uman R esource Management: S etting t he S cene Ed van Sluijs & Frits Kluytmans MERIT Open University This article is based on a journey through the wilderness of strategic human resource management. Part 1 gives an overview of the recent literature on this topic, particularly pertaining to the two issues which received have most attention until now: the relational aspects and the content aspects. In part 2, we go deeper into the wilderness and explore the least known aspect of strategic human resource management, namely the process aspects. This exploration is based on the simultaneous study of the (scarce) literature and four cases. Finally, the connection between the three aspects is investigated. INTRODUCTION Increased integration between human resource management and business strategy is one of the most important demands that are placed upon modern strategic human resource management. In both the management and the academic literature, it is generally acknowledged that the strategic deployment and management of personnel can contribute to the success and continuity of the firm. Some go even further by stating that a firm’s human resources form the basis of the firm’s competitive advantage. In this view, the human resources are the most important assets of an organisation. At the same time, in addition to the importance of the human resources as such, it is believed to be important that the management of the...
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...m w e a n Business Strategy and Human Resource Management: Setting the Scene Ed van Sluijs & Frits Kluytmans MERIT Open University This article is based on a journey through the wilderness of strategic human resource management. Part 1 gives an overview of the recent literature on this topic, particularly pertaining to the two issues which received have most attention until now: the relational aspects and the content aspects. In part 2, we go deeper into the wilderness and explore the least known aspect of strategic human resource management, namely the process aspects. This exploration is based on the simultaneous study of the (scarce) literature and four cases. Finally, the connection between the three aspects is investigated. INTRODUCTION Increased integration between human resource management and business strategy is one of the most important demands that are placed upon modern strategic human resource management. In both the management and the academic literature, it is generally acknowledged that the strategic deployment and management of personnel can contribute to the success and continuity of the firm. Some go even further by stating that a firm’s human resources form the basis of the firm’s competitive advantage. In this view, the human resources are the most important assets of an organisation. At the same time, in addition to the importance of the human resources as such, it is believed to be important that the management of the human resources should be in perfect...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton 1 Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton Student Name University Name Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton 2 Abstract The 20th century is marked by development of new style of arts. The painters with the likes Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton played pivotal roles in taking this form of art to the next level. Their works carry elements of modernism in them however they have different styles of depicting their arts. In this paper, we have taken Office at Night, Woman with Plants, and Sorghum Mill (Buffalo River, Arkansas) for analysis which are painted by Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton respectively. Analysis Thesis Statement The works of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton truly represent the modern era of painting with some similarities and some dissimilarities. Introduction The painting of the 20th century was inclined towards developing a new form of art which carries modernity. It was a revolutionary period for painting and saw some great painters of all times. The artworks have huge impact of the modernism in them. Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton were the prominent painters of the era who have great contribution...
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...Management and Organization Behavior Subject Code: BMO1102 Assessment Number: Assessment 2A Question: Define leadership. What is the path-goal theory of leadership? Identify the four leadership styles of path-goal theory and explain when they are most appropriately used. TEMPLATE FOR SUMMARISING AND EVALUATING ARTICLES FROM SCHOLARLY JOURNALS ARTICLE 1 Title and Article Reference | Dixon, M. L., Hart, L. K., Spring 2010, ‘The Impact of Path-Goal Leadership Styles on Work Group Effectiveness and Turnover Intention’, JOURNAL OF MANAGERIAL ISSUES, Vol. XXII, Number 1, pp. 52-69. | Aim / Purpose of article | To investigate the interrelationships amongst three types of Path-Goal leadership styles, diversity, work group effectiveness and work group members’ turnover intentions. | Sample, location, method of data collection and analysis | Sample260 full-time south-eastern U.S. multinational manufacturing firms’ employees completed the surveys anonymously at work. Sample data was then, collected in a week’s time. The survey consisted of four sections with a total of 48 questions. Four methods of measurement was implemented; Perceived Dissimilarity Scale (Hobman et al., 2004), Perceived Leadership Behavior Scale (House and Dessler, 1974), The Perceived Work Group Effectiveness Scale, and The Turnover Intention Scale (Camman et al., 1983). AnalysisDescriptive statistics, factor analyses, and multiple regression analyses were applied, and adopted scales for consistency...
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...Future Reform Donna Smith Strayer University Future Reform Let’s think ahead. What do we have to look forward to in the form of healthcare? Of course, information systems / technology will be upgraded for survival, but as I researched the predictions of healthcare in 2030, I ran across some intriguing thoughts. Barry H. Ostrowsky from Barnabas Health, West Orange, N.J. stated, “We reached a conclusion a long time ago that if we were going to advance as a health system we would have to have a certain level of information technology, not simply for the advantages that it provides in the practice of medicine but also to ensure the most intimate connectivity among our physicians and between our physicians and our institution.” Barnabas Health is simultaneously connecting its 4,000 doctors, of whom 3,300 are attending physicians. (Birk, 2012, p. 28) The purpose of this paper is to predict the form and function of medical health records in 2030, to describe the most likely impediments to health care information access in 2030, and to discuss the most significant “health care bake in” that could be embedded into organizational workflows and probable impact. 1. Predict the form and function of medical health records in 2030 (provide specific examples to support your response). Predictions of healthcare in 2030 are amazing, to say the least. We could free up scarce physician resources if we empower physician extenders (registered nurses, advanced...
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...MIS Project Management at First National Bank Lessons Learned Report Prepared by: Group B 09-12-2013 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Project Overview 4 3. Contributing Factors to Failure 5 3.1. Project Proposal Lifecycle 5 3.2. Planning and Communications 6 3.3. Risk Management 6 3.4. Stakeholder Involvement 7 4. Recommendations 9 4.1. Inter-Departmental / Stakeholders Conflict Management 9 4.2. Effective Planning and Communications Strategy 11 4.3. Shorter proposal lifecycle 11 4.4. Introduction of Risk Management mechanism 12 5. Conclusion 12 6. Bibliography 13 Introduction “Collecting and analyzing successes and failures is a valuable tool to improving performance. This information, once captured, can be used to streamline future projects and ensure a successful launch for the next project or team. Everyone benefits by reviewing past activities and decisions to learn what worked, what didn’t, what can be changed, and what must be managed”. The following Lessons Learned report has been concluded by applying the formal project management knowledge to case study of MIS project at First National Bank. This document will depict project management failures and their causes and use them to generate recommendations by identifying new approaches/improvements. The first part of the report is an overview of the project and analysis of its factual background information. Project stakeholders will be...
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...Changing ownership and its impact on Firm performance: A detailed pre and post crisis study on Indian firms Several studies are available establishing relationship between firm performance and ownership structure and the results are mixed. Several authors have found significant relationship while others have not found any significant relationships. In Indian context also, there are several studies which propagates to have both kind of results. The way literature is linking the owner ship with performance has always been via addressing the agency (outsiders and insiders) problem, board structure, size, leverage etc. but, literature is sparse to identify these variables as moderating the relationship between ownership and firm performance. The purpose of this study is to establish and study the relationship between ownership and performance in Indian context. Considering following points, I recommend a framework to study the changing ownership and firm performance under the premise that agency costs and information asymmetry acts as moderating variable, which increases/decreases performance when ownership changes. * In India, it is confirmed by several authors that concentrated and complex ownership structure is found which creates problem of heterogeneity and opacity. * India has agency type 2 problems; few studies are available addressing type 2 problem and variables to measure this. * Opacity and complexity creates Information asymmetry and tunneling respectively...
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