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Health Lit Review

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Obesity levels are rising to an all time high and are continuing to increase every year. Overweight is defined as a BMI of 25 or higher; obesity is defined as having a BMI over 30 or more. It is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. The group with the largest prevalence is 50-64 years old and the least is 18-37years old, figure 1. 27.1% of reported Americans 18 years and older are obese, compared to Utah’s average of 24.8%. Figure 1

The health problems that come from being overweight and obese have significant economic impact on the U.S. health care system. There are both direct and indirect costs associated. Direct costs are preventing, diagnostic, and treatment services. Indirect includes morbidity and mortality costs. Morbidity is the value of income lost from decreased productivity, restricted activity, absenteeism, and bed days. Mortality costs are the value of future income lost by premature death. In the United States in 2008, an overwhelming $147 billion dollars were spent on obesity related medical care. Adults who are obese are at risk of morbidity from hypertension, high LDL cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, osteoarthritis, cancers, liver and gallbladder disease, sleep apnea and respiratory problems. These are costly conditions that can reduce quality of life and increase risk for premature death. Do people understand a true portion size? Or do they eat until they are full? In a study done by The Journal of Consumer Affairs, undergraduates were asked to pour what they thought was a serving size. The study found that only a very small percentage of participates actually poured the correct portion size, with most pouring too much. Controlling portion sizes is one way to combat obesity. Through education, individuals may understand the correct amount of calories their

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