...also have been able to show the increase and likelihood of other diseases and health care problems. “About one third of the United States adults are obese and approximately 17% of children and adolescents between ages two and 19 are obese” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). According to the center for disease control, “ in 2010 no states has a prevalence of obesity less than 20%, thirty six states has a prevalence of 25% or more, and twelve of the states had a prevalence of 30% or more” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Individuals can become obese by eating a large number of calories and not exercising enough to burn the calories off. Although diet and exercise plays a part in obesity there are also other factors such as age, gender, genetics, environment, physical activity, illness, and medication (WebMd, 2005-2011) that takes a part in obesity. As individuals begin to age their metabolizism slows down. Women sometimes tend to be more overweight than me. Men are know to burn more energy at rest than women and require more calories to keep up with their body weight. Lack of exercise and the continuous consumption of junk food also contributes to obesity in youth and adults. Nowadays some families depend on fast food for dinner, although its good, fast, and easy it can cause individuals to eat bigger portions than recommended. Enviornmental and social activites also play a role. Because of new technology and games, children may choose to...
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...Are Electronic Medical Records a Cure for Helath Care? Case Study Identify and describe the problem in this case. In the United States most medical records are kept paper-based. That process is creating ineffiency, inaccuracy and also costing more amount of money compare keeping records electronically countrywide. The US government has set deadline for medical providors to acquire and set basic funtional operation of electronic medical record (EMR) by end of 2015. To get new EMR will cost around $30,000 to $50,000 per doctor. After getting EMR, each record has to be transferred to EMR from paper-based data with code assigned for various treatment options and data structures to fit the record’s format and that also includes cost and time in addition to the cost of system. Therefore individual physicians, clinics those have less than 4 doctors or hospitals those have less than 50 beds would turn out as a huge burden. The doctors have to change the way they work as EMR will be set up nationally. They have to change the way answer the phone call, the way they examine the patient and also the way they write prisciptions in order to keep all doctors visits same. In order to get used to new procedure doctors can take training which can take upto 20 hours from doctors very busy schedule. As EMR is not widely used, therefore we can say that it has not been tested properly yet due to lack of users. There would be many issues with the sharing data between different systems. As...
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...track and measure the quality of health care serviced that are provided by eligible professionals, eligible hospitals that are within the health care system. These would be measures to use data that is associated with providers that are able to provide high quality care or relate to long term goals for health care. The measures would be the many aspects of patient care including: * Health outcomes * Patient safety * Clinical processes * Efficient use of health care resources * Population and public health * Adherence to clinical guidelines * Patient engagements * Care coordination By reporting and measuring CQMs in a three month or 90 day reporting period will help to ensure that the health care system is safe, efficient, effective, patient centered, timely care and equitable. According to the EHR Incentive Programs the need to report the measures will demonstrate meaningful use and receive an incentive payment so the CQMs may be reported electronically or via attestation. The CQMs are identified into core sets and they are highly recommended so the focus can be on conditions that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of most Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries with some factors that would be recommended, the Center would have to have certain conditions that would contribute to most of Medicaid and Medicare beneficiaries like the health disparities, conditions that disproportionately drive health care costs and could improve with better quality...
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...the Office of the President due to the assassination of John f. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson launched his Great Society campaign that was designed to eliminate poverty and racial injustice (citation). To accomplish this, the program proposed major spending to address areas such as medical care, urban and transportation issues, and education. One portion of the education reform was a program designed to assist preschool children, ages 3-5, from economically disadvantaged families with a variety of comprehensive services, such as early education, medical, dental, and nutrition assistance. This program was termed “Head Start.” In the last four decades the program has met its goal of assisting numerous disadvantaged youth, but questions have arisen as to whether or not the program has had any real impact on the children as they have grown up. The Organization Since its inception in 1965, Head Start has assisted more than 25 million preschool children (Frisvold & Lumeng, 2011, p. 376). Children can be eligible for the program’s assistance if they are at least three years old, the family’s total income is either equal to or less than the poverty guideline, or if the child is disabled or in foster care (Office of Head Start, 2007). Currently, the funding and costs of Head Start restrict the program to only allowing about 55% of eligible children, and these restraints require that a selection process be conducted amongst those eligible to determine which children- the most disadvantaged-will...
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...reform efforts. Private health coverage is a mechanism for people to protect themselves from the potentially extreme financial costs of medical care if they become severely ill, and ensure that they have access to health care when they need it. Private health coverage products pool the risk of high health care costs across a large number of people, permitting them (or employers on their behalf) to pay a premium based on the average cost of medical care for the group of people. This risk-spreading function helps make the cost of health care reasonably affordable for most people. Medicare and Medicaid were previously known as Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA). In 1965, the Social Security Act establishing both Medicare and Medicaid. The Social Security Administration (SSA) became responsible for the administration of Medicare and Social and Rehabilitation Service become responsible for the administration of Medicaid. In 1970, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) are one of three types of major health care insurance systems. The other two systems are Preferred Provider Organization and Point-of-Services Plans. HMOs were made popular in the 1970s. They have come to be used by many employers and health care providers. President Nixon signed off on the HMO Act in 1973. After the Act was signed into law, the health care insurance organization plans faced opposition from professional...
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...community health resources and programs provided at the county, state and national levels. Nurses across all facets of the profession should be aware of what programs are available to them and their patients. This knowledge can help guide the nurse in providing appropriate resources and care to those who need them. County Public Health Resources The San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH) has many different programs and services available to the residents of the county. Depending of the program sought by the individual, there are various services that meet financial, cultural and medical needs of the client. In order to qualify for these programs patients must meet certain criteria. For example, the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) is a nutritional program for women with children. WIC provides nutritional education in individual and group settings, breast feeding support and education, and financial support to buy healthy foods. To qualify for this program you must be a woman that is pregnant, recently had a baby, or has a child less than 5 years of age. The client must also meet certain income requirements as well (Women, Infants & Children, 2014). Erin Condor is a social worker who works within the community health system. In an interview, she described programs that cater to the...
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...FACILITY SURVEY Under Reproductive Child Health Project 2007-08 SC, PHC, CHC & DH MANUAL International Institute for Population Sciences (Deemed University), Mumbai-400 088 Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India, New Delhi- 110 011 CONTENTS I II III IV INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………. OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………… METHODOLOGY. …………………………………………………………. QUESTIONNAIRE…………………………………………………….. DISTRICT HOSPITAL…………………………………………………. COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE…………………………………… PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE……………………………………… SUB-CENTRE………………………………………………………….. 3-4 5 5 7 7 7 7 7 8-9 9 9 10 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 14-16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS………………………………………….. HUMAN RESOURCES………………………………………………… TRAINING……………………………………………………………… INVESTIGATIVE FACILITY…………………………………………. INFRASTRUCTURE…………………………………………………… PHYSICAL FACILITY………………………………………………… INSTRUMENT AND EQUIPMENT…………………………………… ESSENTIAL DRUG…………………………………………………… ESSENTIAL SERVICES PROVIDED………………………………… ESSENTIAL LABORATORY SERVICES……………………………. ESSENTIAL CLINICAL SERVICES…………………………………. XIV XV XVI SPECIFIC SERVICES…………………………………………………. MONITORING AND SUPERVISION………………………………… ASSIGNMENT SHEET………………………………………………… ANEXURE 1……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 2……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 3……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 4……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 5……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 6……………………………………………………………. ANEXURE 7……………………………………………………………...
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...Silveri Reimbursement and Pay-for-performance “Health care and health policy continue to be controversial domestic issues in the United States. Despite a slowing in the rate of growth of annual costs, most Americans feel that their budgets are strained by what they have to pay for health care, and most employers feel that their share of these costs for their employees is excessive. Currently, many Americans still do not have health care coverage” (Shader, 2013). In hopes of diminishing these cost, the United States Congress and President Obama passed a series of laws to help the American public receive the medical care that so needed. As part of these laws came pay-for-performance reimbursement systems. Even though this procedure for payment still has many details to be determined, this value-based payment system can be a response to quality care and performance. Pay-for-performance The newest trend in reimbursing medical providers is called pay-for-performance (P4P). This valued-based strategy allows a predetermined benchmark to be designated for medical care. If the provider meets or exceeds the standard he or she is paid bonuses for such care. If the provider does not meet the standard payment is reduced accordingly or fines may be put into place. The main focus of this form of payment is to reduce excessive medical costs and to increase quality of care of the patient, especially in preventive and chronic care. As with any new program or idea, pros and cons exist. Benefits...
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...Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Effects of climate change on health will affect most populations in the next decades and put the lives and wellbeing of billions of people at increased risk. During this century, earth's average surface temperature rises are likely to exceed the safe threshold of 2°C above preindustrial average temperature. Rises will be greater at higher latitudes, with medium-risk scenarios predicting 2-3°C rises by 2090 and 4-5°C rises in northern Canada, Greenland, and Siberia. With this current situation, the whole of U.K. population is at risk considering the changing patterns of disease, water and food insecurity, vulnerable shelter and human settlements, extreme climatic events, and population growth and migration. Although vector-borne diseases will expand their reach and death tolls, especially among elderly people, will increase because of heat waves, the indirect effects of climate change on water, food security, and extreme climatic events are likely to have the biggest effect on global health (Prof A. Costello FRCPCH, S Ball BSc, C Patterson LLB). Aside from the bigger picture of climate change we still need to consider the leading global risk for mortality, Hypertension is responsible for 12.8% (7.5 million) of total deaths worldwide, according to a new report issued by the WHO. The report also identified hypertension as responsible for 3.8% of years of life lost due to premature death plus years of healthy...
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...Nursing Department with the aim of identifying the ethical problems confronted by nursing students. Eighty-four third class and 69 senior nursing students were volunteers to participate in this study. Their age ranged from 19 to 23 years. All participants have taken the course entitled ‘Nursing History and Deontology’ which include 14 hours ethical content. Students were asked to describe moral problems that they observed or encountered during their clinical practice. Ethical problems at clinical practice were reported as physical maltreatment of patients (28%), inappropriate approaches toward patients which cause psychological distress (24%), violation of privacy (21%), providing inadequate information (16%) and discrimination based on the social and economical status (16%). The reasons of these ethical problems were stated by students as the unprofessional conduct of physicians (34%) and nurses (44%), and ineffective hospital management (9%). The most striking finding of this study was that 75% of nurses were not involved in decision making process of resolving these problems. Students suggested that nurses at clinics should be much more informed about the patient rights, ethical problems, and professional conduct. Since nurses are the role models for nursing students at practice, the results of this study demonstrate the importance of an in-service education for nurses...
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...upper arms. P.R. is able to move his shoulders to slightly lift his arms, but has no movements in his legs or the trunk. P.R. requires total assistance for all activities of daily living, and is incontinent of both bowel and bladder function. He speaks primarily Spanish and cannot communicate in English. He is verbally abusive and becomes combative with care givers. He does not have family support in America and is having difficulty adapting to American foods. P.R. has stage III ulcers on each of his buttocks, with various bruises on his lower forearms from trying to attack the faculty personnel. Both feet are starting to turn downward, indicating plantar flexion contractures. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the issues that are involved in nursing care, based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. This includes physiological, psychological, safety, and social concerns. An example of a complete nursing care plan will be provided for each category of needs identified in P.R’s case study. Patient Care Issues General Spinal cord injuries to an individual present with multiple areas of concerns to nursing care providers. Physiological issues are first addressed when the patient arrives in the emergency room to stabilize the patient according to the airway, breathing, and circulation. Then, spinal cord injury will lead to loss of motor function, urinary/bowel incontinence, sexual dysfunction, trouble breathing, and difficulty sitting upright (O’Sullivan and Schmitz...
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...65 and Older: An Evolving Concept Analysis Managing chronic illnesses like diabetes is becoming progressively essential in high-risk groups. The concept of managing diabetes in persons 65 and older, carry much responsibility by those who provide care and those receiving care. With marvel surrounding the first set of baby boomers who turned age 65 in January of 2011; it became evident that this country would embark upon its greatest challenge yet in managing the care of older adults. With this in mind, the management of chronic illnesses like diabetes and its associated complications is expected to become even more complex and difficult, with the realization that much is to be considered in preparation to care for this age group. In this analysis using the term management, as it relates to the older adult, implies direct guidance to treatment that is both accessible and practical. Review of Literature To better understand management of diabetes as a concept in adults age 65 and older, a review of disciplines is necessary to offer clarity in obtaining a greater sense of knowledge of the burden this disease places on the patient. In examining this concept a review of literature from the disciplines of nursing, medicine and social science were selected to define the concept. Nursing Discipline Chia, Schlenk, and Dunbar-Jacob (2006) examined the non-adherence to medication regimens in the older adult patient that was linked to personal and cultural belief systems. The management...
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...Marketplace Analysis of Whole Foods Charles Griffith University of St. Mary Marketing Management MGT-704 MARKETPLACE ANALYSIS OF WHOLE FOODS “With great courage, integrity, and love – we embrace our responsibility to co-create a world where each of us, our communities and our planet can flourish. All while celebrating the sheer love and joy of food” (Whole Foods, 2015). This is Whole Food’s “higher purpose statement”. This statement expresses and delivers what Whole Foods, as an organization, believes and what must be apparent to the consumer. As an organization founded with the drive to bring the freshest and most natural products to consumers, Whole Foods must maintain alignment with that core philosophy. Created in response to the lack of organic and natural options of the traditional grocery stores and chains Whole Foods has grown from its origins in a three story house in Austin to the multi-billion dollar enterprise it is today without sacrificing this core value (Harrison, 2014). This is very important: The continued development and growth of Whole Foods must maintain this core philosophy. The platform for value creation is rooted in market share growth and consistent and well defined organizational philosophy (Deshpande, R. & Webster, F. 1989). Keeping Whole Food’s core philosophy in mind, strategy for growth of the business and recapturing of market share are the primary goals of this analysis. The supermarket and “other grocery” markets within the United...
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...CH5. Natural Resource Utilization & Pollution of the Environment * Resource depletion: the consumption of finite or scarce resources. * Pollution: undesirable contamination of the environment by the manufacture or use of commodities. * Conservation: the saving or rationing of resources for future use. * Private costs: costs of production borne by the producer. * External costs: costs of production not borne by the producer. * Social cost of production: = private costs + external costs * Internalization: make producers bear the total social cost of production. * Ecological system: an interrelated and interdependent set of organisms and environments * Ecological ethics: ecosystems as having inherent rights or interests and we have direct duties to them. * Ecofeminism: socio-ethical theory which combines ecological ethics with a critique of paternalistic patterns of domination (top down hierarchical authority structures) in our political and economic institutions as contributing to environmental exploitation. * Unlimited resource view: view encapsulating the attitude of bygone times which regarded the earth’s carrying capacity as unlimited, and air and water as "free goods." * Sustainable growth: a level of economic and population growth which enables each generation to hand down a world no worse than it inherited to succeeding generations, which avoids the Doomsday scenario. * Doomsday scenario:...
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...may notice a change in their normal sleeping pattern. Some people will sleep too much and others will sleep very little b. Loss of concentration – A person can lose their concentration in all aspects of their life. This means that they are no longer interested in participating whether it be at work, school or home. c. Eating habits change – Often you will find that people who suffer from severe depression have had a loss of appetite or a sudden weight loss may be noticeable. On the opposite spectrum of that you may find a person who overeats to compensate their depression. d. Arrangements – A person suffering from severe depression may choose to make arrangements if they are considering suicide. These arrangements can include care for their family and pets in their absence. 2. Research a disorder associated with stress or mental health. - PTSD A military deployment can take a toll on any given person. The toll can be seen in many different forms such as emotional and mental disorders. These types of disorders can destroy an individual from the inside, out. Now multiply those symptoms by the number of deployments some soldiers have endured and the chance for mental disorders like post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increase drastically. There have been many studies done to determine the correlation between the number of deployments and PTSD. One particular study was conducted with the help of the US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Wounded,...
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