...When you think about reference groups, there are a number of perspectives that one has to consider. According to Hawkins (2010), a reference group is a group whose presumed perspectives or values are being used by an individual as the basis for his or her current behavior. Thus, a reference group is simply a group that an individual uses as a guide for behavior in a specific situation (p.227). Groups may be classified according to a number of variables. Four criteria are particularly useful: membership, strength of social tie, type of contact, and attraction. Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. is a private, non-profit organization whose purpose is to provide assistance and support through established programs in local communities throughout the world. A sisterhood of more than 200,000 predominately Black college educated women, the Sorority currently has over 900 chapters located in the United States, England, Japan (Tokyo and Okinawa), Germany, the Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Bahamas and the Republic of Korea. The Sorority was founded in 1913 by 22 students at Howard University. These young women wanted to use their collective strength to promote academic excellence; to provide scholarships; to provide support to the underserved; educate and stimulate participation in the establishment of positive public policy; and to highlight issues and provide solutions for problems in their communities (Delta Sigma Theta, 2010). Delta Sigma Theta’s website is about heritage. This site...
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...To the Ladies of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc.: I believe the purpose of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc. is not only deeply embedded in her mission, but is revealed in the lives and actions of her many members through 109 years of “Service to all Mankind”. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc. strives to encourage all people, specifically African-American women to exceed their potential and accomplish their goals by promoting sisterhood and friendship among like-minded women, urging her members to aid and care for the underserved, and ultimately fighting for justice and equality for all people worldwide. It is my faith in Jesus Christ that has solely motivated me to strive to live a life that would bring God glory and honor. I know every gift or ability I have been given comes from Him alone and should be used to serve others and bring Him glory. I have been blessed to participate in an array of programs and activities in my life that have molded and shaped who I am today. I have learned to turn my “passion” into “profit” by establishing my freelance makeup artistry business, Be True Make-Up by Madeline. Through this, I have experienced how to market and operate a successful enterprise by doing what I love and earning consistent income. I believe that I have been given strong organizational and leadership capabilities that I have had the privilege of refining through my involvement with Pinky Promise Movement – IUPUI. Pinky Promise is a faith based student organization on the...
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...MARTINA JONES is native of Chicago, IL. She has been an active member of Eta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc., Alpha Lambda Chapter, Chicago, IL since 1992. Presently serving as the Recording Secretary. With a strong passion to serve the Sorority and community, she has participated at the local, regional and national level serving in numerous key leadership positions and committees. Her commitment to Eta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. has been demonstrated in the offices that she held as the National Corresponding Secretary, National Recording Secretary (2008-2010) and 2012-2014. Currently, she serves on Director/Secretary for the Education & Charitable Foundation of the National Chapter. She has served under the leadership of four outstanding National Presidents, Louse H. Broadnax, Jean Dade-Batchie, and Loretta Kirk Adair and is presently working with the current National President Dr. Lillie H. Robinson. She holds a Master’s Degree in Management, Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration from National Louis University, Chicago, and received a Certificate of Business in Entrepreneurial Studies. University of IL, Chicago. She is a member of the Society of Human Resources Management (SHRM). Her professional career over the last twenty plus years has been in the field of Human Resources in the nonprofit area serving people in communities. Employed with Healthcare Consortium of Illinois as the Human Resource Director. Responsible for all areas of employment, including recruitment, employee...
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...I am interested in membership in Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Inc. because the sorority has a unique sisterhood. Because there is a great need for resourceful services in the black communities, I would like to be associated with an organization that is committed to sisterhood and providing assistance to others. It has been my dream to bond with a group of ladies of love, peace and integrity. My desire to become a part of the sisterhood began when I was in the sixth grade, after receiving the Highest Average Award from Tuskegee Alumnae Chapter of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Inc. My interest became stronger after I received the Scholarship Award when I was in the twelfth grade. My interest continued to mature throughout the years as I became aware...
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...The benefits of being a Mu Alpha Theta member are wide and ranges from small personal benefits to bigger public benefits. Belonging to the organization Mu Alpha Theta is a privilege, it gives you a title of prestige, it’s not just a word, everyone will recognize you and respect you. They know not just anyone can get inducted into the organization, they’ll look up to you and follow the lead you set, making you into their role model. We also get to meet and connect to people our own age who are also interested in math and don’t look down on it, this helps you make new friends with people who have the same interests as you. Nowhere else will you find a group of people in one place who love math and can’t wait to have the time of their lives. In...
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...BOWIE STATE UNIVERSITY Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African American community. They have always allowed admission to students of all races. There are 107 historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the United States, including public and private institutions, community, four-year institutions, medical and law schools. Most were created in the aftermath of the American Civil War and are in the former slave states, although a few notable exceptions exist. Bowie State University is the oldest historically black university (HBCU) in Maryland. The present-day public university, located in suburban Bowie, Maryland, was founded by the Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of Colored People in 1865. Then known as the Baltimore Normal School, the institution’s goal was to train African Americans to become teachers. The Board of Education provided funding and assumed control of the school in 1908. The school relocated to Prince George’s County and received the name Maryland Normal School in 1914. The first four-year programs began in 1935 and the institution became a state college in 1963. The first graduate degree was in 1970 but Bowie State did not receive university status until 1988, when it became one of the first members of the just-established University System of Maryland. The school’s first doctoral...
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...Culture at Tennessee State University Observing the unique culture of Tennessee State University. Founded in 1912, Tennessee State University (TSU) is a comprehensive, urban, coeducational, land-grant institution. There are currently two locations. There is the 500-acre main campus that nestles in a beautiful residential neighborhood along the Cumberland River, and the downtown Avon Williams campus that sits near the center of Nashville’s business and government district. There are many students that come from all across the country. These students bring many different cultures that make Tennessee State what it is today. In 1909, the Tennessee State General Assembly created three normal schools, including the Agricultural and Industrial Normal School, which would grow to become TSU. The first 247 students began their academic careers on June 19, 1912, and William Jasper Hale served as head of the school. Students, faculty, and staff worked together as a family to keep the institution operating, whether the activity demanded clearing rocks, harvesting crops, or carrying chairs from class to class. The school gained the capacity to grant bachelor’s degrees in 1922, reflecting its new status as a four-year teachers’ college. By 1924, the college became known as the Agricultural and Industrial State Normal College and the first degrees were awarded. In 1927, “Normal” was dropped from the name. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, the college grew in scope and stature under...
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...To the Greek Award Selection Committee, I am writing this letter to recognize and nominate Jahicol Baralt for the Greek Embodiment Award. Jahicol has made a significant impact within Greek Life in his tenure at Union. Besides being a member of the Greek Community at Union College, Jahicol Baralt is also double major in Neuroscience and Classics. As a Posse Scholar, Jahicol has also flourished with his extracurriculars, being an RA in West College, a STEM mentor for two years, and has been a Big brother within the Big Brother Big Sisters club on campus. Through his academic and extracurricular endeavors Jahicol has been a positive role model for the Greek Community, an ambassador for what a Greek member should be: a brother and a scholar. All while achieving both academically and in his extracurriculars, Jahicol has also been extensively involved in Greek Life at Union, becoming president of the eta chapter of Phi Iota Alpha within his first year of membership eventually relinquishing his thrown in order to make a larger impact in the Multicultural Greek Council as its president this past year. Jahicol Berault’s scholarship, citizenship, and leadership also privileged him to be accepted in Order of Omega, the Greek Leadership Honorary Society here and campus and his continued commitment to Greek Life here on Union’s Campus led him to run and become the president of the eta tau chapter of Order of Omega. Besides being a member of the Greek Community at Union College Jahicol...
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...Material Diversity Worksheet Answer each question in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use. 1. What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? “ The term “diversity” is used broadly to refer to many demographic variables, including, but not limited to, race, religion, color, gender, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, age, education, geographic origin, and skill characteristics. America's diversity has given this country its unique strength, resilience and richness.” ( U.S. Department of Interior). It is what this country is all about, being free to be whatever we want to be. 2. What is ethnocentrism? In what ways can ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society? Ethnocentrism is where one culture will judge another on by their own beliefs or convictions. This is very detrimental to a society because they only see one side of things, and that is their side only. They will not give anyone a fair shot to disprove their beliefs or ideas, because they already have it in mind that they are wrong or a “plague” to their way of thinking. This is how many people get hurt or killed because of this. If you look at Hitler this would be a great example. 3. Define emigration and immigration. The term emigration and immigration are the same thing they just mean things to different people depending on their viewpoint. The definition for immigration is for a group of people moving from their national origin to settle somewhere else. As to...
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...includes the different varieties of human cultures or societies in the entire world as a whole, or in a particular region. Dimensions of cultural diversity can include religious beliefs, gender, marital status, race, age, parental status, income, physical abilities and attributes, sexual orientation, geographic location, language, and other components. Today, the management of cultural diversity is much more complicated than single dimension like age, gender, race, etc. (Harvey & Allard, 2009). Ethnic, religious, racial and gender dimensions are considered as being the most important (Schaefer, 2011). Cultural diversity dimensions are actually divided into two sections: primary and secondary. The primary dimensions includes an individual’s race, age, physical attributes, gender, etc, and the secondary dimensions include factors like language, marital status, income, occupation, parental status, religious beliefs, etc. With what ethnic, cultural, or other groups do you identify? I honestly believe that I identify with a lot of ethnic or cultural groups, but the groups that I identify with the most are Native American, Caucasian, and African-American cultures. My mother is a Choctaw Indian (from lower North American region) and my father is actually the son of a “diverse” (African-American and Caucasian). My husband also came from a diverse family like my father, so my two kids have the pleasure of learning about so many different cultures every single time our families meet...
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...My particular culture is from Irish American. Both of my parents are from the same background and are very prominent in their families. We are strong believers in healing within the healthcare system. Ethic and cultural diversity are not new phenomena in Ireland. Have strong culture and identity of their own. The Irish healthcare is founded on a belief that awareness and sensitivity is the key requirement for adapting to a culturally diverse patient population. There has always been cultural diversity in Ireland. There has always been ‘people of colour’ in Ireland, including black Irish and other EU citizens and this visible form of diversity has also increased in recent years and is now part of the fabric of Ireland’s increasingly multicultural society. The increasing diversity means that the people who are seeking to avail of our healthcare services are from a broader range of ethnic groups than previously experienced. It is clear that cultural diversity is a key challenge for the Irish health care sector, both in terms of diversity in the workplace and the development and enhancement of service delivery that has the potential to impact positively on minority ethnic groups. 2. Within the community I live in, I feel that Hispanics are rising and especially within the healthcare system. Hispanics have very strong family connections, and have a variety of beliefs regarding healthcare. Some believe in folk medicines such as herbs. Folk medicine has a long-standing place...
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...society could not be expected to perceive custom which was the stuff of their own thinking. Anthropology holds up a great mirror to man and lets him look at himself in this infinite variety” Anthropology subfields. -biological/physical – archeology –Linguistics – Social/Cultural Ethnology –comparative study of cultures or people Ethnography – a systematic study of a culture or people. History of Anthropology - Herodotus = father of anthropology? Age of Discovery (16th and 17th century) - Xuanzang (7th century chinese) - xuanzang said that the Indians were very clean, why has that changed? Ethnocentrism: evaluating other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of ones own culture. Edward Tylor –(1832 – 1917) 1st professor of Anthropology at Oxford in 1884. Early Cultural Evolutionist: cultures evolve from simple to complex through stages: savagery, barbarian civilized. Tylor: animism to polytheism to monotheism. ‘primitive’-------- advanced James Frazier (1854 – 1941) - Scottish Magic-- Religion---- science In terms of rationality it evolves Cultural Relativism Looking at other cultures or...
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...Organizational Culture of Ann, Inc. An Organizational Culture Profile (OCP) can be used as a tool to measure the culture of an organization through seven distinct values. Those values include detail-oriented, team-oriented, people-oriented, outcome-oriented, stable, aggressive and innovative. The sum of these values characterizes an organization’s culture. By identifying values that make up a company’s culture, managers can steer the principles, values and beliefs of the company more effectively. At Ann, Inc., the parent corporation of Ann Taylor and Loft stores, the culture of the corporation is described as follows, “our high-performance culture offers rewarding possibilities that fit perfectly into your own version of success.” (Ann, Inc., 2013). More specifically, the culture of Ann, Inc. can be discovered by delving into some of the specific dimensional values of the OCP framework. According to Carpenter, Bauer and Erdogan (2013, p. 210), “companies that have innovative cultures are flexible, adaptable and experiment with new ideas.” Customers that shop at Ann Taylor and Loft stores on a frequent basis notice that new clothing is introduced when the seasons change and when trends change. As further evidence of this cultural value, Ann Inc.’s website mentions “innovation is constant” (Ann, Inc., 2013). In fact, in 2010, Ann, Inc. launched a move to replace its outdated large Ann Taylor stores with smaller stores that make women feel like they are at home, walking...
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... and mores, and subcultures are the basic elements of an organizational culture (Fottler, Ford, & Heaton, 2010). I feel that an employee should be fired if they do not meet the organization’s organizational culture. We all know that every individual has his/her own beliefs; however, if the person does not match the beliefs and values of the organization, problems can arise. If an organization says that they are focused on their consumers and when the employees interact with consumers they are rude and inconsiderate, the consumer may not return. I worked in a nursing home as a CNA for almost two years. Our patients all were elderly and had Down’s syndrome. Our organizational culture was to treat each patient with dignity and respect, as well as giving each patient their right to privacy. We were all trained on these beliefs, as well as all of the HIPAA rules. Our facility hired a young girl to work the floor as a CNA as well. I caught her making fun of one of our consumers with one of her friends. I turned her in, and she was fired on the spot, no questions asked. Like I stated before, I do believe that an employee should be terminated if they do not meet the organization’s culture. I also believe, however, that if the employee is trained properly, they should have a chance to get their attitudes in check. Once given that second chance, if they still do not meet the organization’s culture, then they should be terminated. I personally do not see any issues arising...
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...lingual” because he cannot speak his native Chinese language fluently and have also forgotten how to write in Chinese. As a grown man, he now struggles to face reality and is confined from embracing his own identity. From reading the story, I learned about his struggles and the discrimination he faces. But I also realized that Eric Liu is not different from me and from my culture. We also faced the same discrimination and prejudice from different groups of people. However, his struggle and his purpose is different from mine. I want to be known for who I really am and where I come from, but in his case, he wants to completely forget about his past. His fragmented knowledge about his father, his father’s past has left him a feeling of being incomplete which makes him ungrounded. In this case, he lacks the knowledge of his collective (personal and family) history which makes him lack the anchor for a sense of self and a bridge of intimacy and connection to people. My story is different from Eric Liu because if he feels ashamed of his true identity, I am proud of where I came from. I embrace my own native culture and traditions. I migrated to America from the Philippines with my family when I was twelve years old. Even if I am fully adjusted here, me and my family still holds a bridge and connection with our fellow Filipinos. My family and I still speak with our own native tongue and celebrate the Filipino...
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