...IMPACT OF MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICES ON AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY: A STUDY IN KARNATAKA R S Deshpande T Raveendra Naika Agricultural Development and Rural Transformation Unit Institute for Social and Economic Change Nagarbhavi, Bangalore-560 072 December 2002 18 CONTENTS CHAPTER NO. TITLE PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES LIST OF FIGURES/GRAPHS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 CHAPTER II Introduction Making of the Agricultural Policy Need for Revisiting MSP Objectives Methodology Profile of the Selected Regions Plan of the Study Limitations EFFECTIVENESS OF PRICE POLICY AT THE STATE LEVEL 2.1 Introduction Price Policy at the State Level 2.2 2.3 Analysis of Agricultural Price Trends 2.4 MSP as an Incentive Price 2.5 Impact on Input Use Regional Variation in Prices 2.6 Factors Dictating Failure or Success of MSP 2.7 2.8 Towards a Sustainable Policy Annexure 2.1 & 2.1.1 CHAPTER III ADMINISTRATION OF MSP SCHEME AT THE STATE LEVEL 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Introduction Agricultural Growth and MSP Relevance of MSP for Major Crops of the State Implementation Process of MSP Policy Measures Annexure 3.1 (Govt of Karnataka Order) Annexure 3.2 (Figures) 19 CHAPTER NO. CHAPTER IV TITLE ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF MSP AT THE STATE LEVEL 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Introduction Land Use and Crop Pattern Impact of MSP on Area Allocation Decisions Impact of MSP on Adoption of Technology Cost of Cultivation Disposal and...
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...Internship Report ZARAI TARAQIATI BANK LIMITED Bahawalpur Branch Submitted by Jawwad Hassan Jaskani Roll No 12 MBA (M1) 3.5 Years Session 2011-2015 Department of Management Sciences i Topic Branch Operations ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have great sense of gratitude for the most Beneficent andMerciful Allah who has always helped me in all matters of life .Itried but He rewarded me more than the tried.I have deep feelings for whole of my family, in general, and formy Father, my Mother and my elder brother, in particular .Theyhave always soothed me, elevated me and their words and du’ahas floated me in the deep seas of troubles. All of my successesare due to the prayers of my family.I am thankful to all of my teachers and my class fellows andfriends whom cheerfulness and guidance is an asset for me .I amespecially thankful to the bank staff who has given meopportunity to get precious practical knowledge and also for theirguidance during my internship. Without the help of all these I wasnot able to complete this report First of all I’m grateful to Allah the Almighty, Who bestowed me with health, abilities and guidance to complete the project in a successful manner, and without His help I was unable to write this report. More than anybody else, I would like to acknowledge my teachers without their support and untiring efforts it was difficult for me to complete this report. They were always there to guide me whenever I felt stuck off and their encouragement...
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...Africans The History of a Continent Chapter 11 Independent Africa, 1950-1980 Finally, the people of African felt like it was the dawn of a new era. An era of better health care, an era where people were happy, an era when babies where gladly made babies. A lot of things are characterized with this era. There was rapid population growth, growing economy, and independence. The gain of freedom also had its bad side. Debts were incurred, civil wars were fought, and political oppression was dominant. Rapid Population Growth Africa, being part of the baby boom had a drastic population increase around 1950. By the 1970’s the growth rate in sub Saharan Africa had increased from approximately 1 to 2.8 percent. One of the main reasons for the growth of the population was a continuous fall in death rate. The death rate fell from 22 per thousand to 16 per thousand between 1965and 1988. In sub-Saharan Africa, the life expectancy rose drastically from 39 to 51 between 1951 and 1988. Africa did not also experience as much crisis and hence the rate of crisis mortality also declined. The decline in infant mortality in Africa definitely played a big role in lowering the death rate. In the 1950’s 30-40 percent of children in most African countries died before the age of five. However in the mid 1970’s the infant mortality rate dropped to approximately 22-27 percent. The Western part of Africa however had higher mortality than most of the other countries. Another reason for the...
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...MAGGI CRISIS RISK MANAGEMENT & HACCP ESS 101 Managerial Economics Group 12 Pushpdeep Bahade Shreya Madhur Bajpai Manasa Rajbarath KR TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Background _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Beginning ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Recent crisis and effects ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Objective of the report_____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Financial analysis _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 Monopoly power ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 Substitution effect & Reverse Bandwagon effect ________________________________________________________________ 2 Impact on share price _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Manufacturing Process ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4 Risk management ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Hazzard Analysis & Critical Control Points _____________________________________________________________ 6 Overview ____________________________________________________...
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...took place in late eighteenth-century England. Not surprisingly historians soon dubbed the parallel changes in agriculture ‘the Agricultural Revolution’ … approximately 1760 and 1820 the farming of this country underwent and equally abrupt and radical change (Grigg, 1967). As humans began to form permanent settlements and gave up traveling in search of food, agriculture was born. The foods we eat, the clothing we wear, the materials we use in our everyday lives is agriculture. The term agriculture refers to a wide variety of things, it is the science, art and occupation of cultivating the soil, producing crops and raining livestock. Agriculture refers to financing, processing, marketing, and distribution of agricultural products, farm production supply and service industries. This new way of providing food and other raw materials developed slowly, but because it made life much easier for many people, it became the preferred way of supplying a basic human need. The people who worked at...
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...aquatic resources that abounds on the continent. Since the introduction of aquaculture to Africa, some decades ago, there have been a lot of innovations, technological advancement and progress in the areas of genetics, seed propagation, pond construction and farm management in general. Despite breakthroughs recorded in these areas most farmers in Africa still rely heavily on imported feed ingredients and fish feeds from European countries, which makes fish farming expensive as fish feed account for at least 60% of the total cost of production. This has contributed in no small measure to the slow pace at which aquaculture is advancing in Africa. This article, however reviewed critically the potentials of locally manufactured fish feed in enhancing, improving and sustaining aquaculture development in Africa. Various methods of processing employed were discussed and suggestions were made on how aquaculture growth can reach its maximum potential in the production of fish through utilization of locally...
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...The Nigerian tax system has undergone several reforms geared at enhancing tax collection and administration with minimal enforcement cost. The recent reforms include the introduction of TIN, (unique Taxpayer’s Identification Number which became effective since February 2008), automated tax system that facilitates tracking of tax positions and issues by individual taxpayers, e-payment system which enhances smooth payment procedure and reduces the incidence of tax touts, enforcement scheme (Special Purpose Tax officers), these are special tax officers in collaboration with other security agencies to ensure strict compliance in payment of taxes. The tax authority now has autonomy to assess, collect and record tax. This enabling environment which came into being on the basis of (Section 8(q) of FIRS Establishment Act 2007) has led to an improvement in tax administration in the country. The Nigerian tax system has undergone significant changes in recent times. The tax laws are consistently being reviewed with the aim of repealing obsolete provisions and simplifying the main ones. Under current Nigerian law, taxation is enforced by the 3 tiers of government, i.e. federal, state, and local governments, with each having its sphere clearly spelt out in the Taxes and Levies (approved list for Collection) Decree, 1998. Despite this improvement, there are still a number of contentious issues that require urgent attention and among them is the issue of the appropriate tax authority to administer...
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...------------------------------------------------- Garasia tribal community has gained a place of prominenece in India due to their lifestyle and culture. This garasia tribal community has got concentration in several areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat. As per history, the Garasia tribes are a division of the Rajput community. According to the stories told by locals,in the battle of Haldighati, Maharana pratap’s army got out numbered and defeated by mughals, the soldiers ran into aravalli hills for survival. During Pratap's exile, he received much financial assistance from Bhamashah, a well-wisher. The Bhil tribals of the Aravalli hills provided Pratap with their support during times of war and their expertise in living off the forests during times of peace. Since, then the army never left the hills and been residing since then. ------------------------------------------------- During Pratap's exile, he received much financial assistance from Bhamashah, a well-wisher. The Bhil tribals of the Aravalli hills provided Pratap with their support during times of war and their expertise in living off the forests during times of peace. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Maharana Pratap From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Maharana Pratap singh | The Ruler of Mewar | | Reign | 1568–1597 | Born | May 9, 1540 | Birthplace | kolyari, Kumbhalgarh...
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...iI HISTORY: Abia State Nigeria was carved out of old Imo State on August 27, 1991 with Umuahia as its capital. The State is made up of seventeen (17) Local Government Areas. It is one of the five states in the Southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The name ABIA was coined from the first letters of the names of the geo-political groups that originally made up the State, namely: Aba, Bende, Isuikwuato and Afikpo. Today, Afikpo is in Ebonyi State that was created in October, 1996. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AND CLIMATE: Abia State is situated between latitudes 04°45' and 06° 07f north and longitudes 07° 00' and 08° IO1 east. Imo, Anambra and Rivers border it in the west, northwest and southwest respectively. AN INVESTMENT HAVEN GUIDE TO INVESTMENT IN ABIA STATE To the north, northeast, east and southeast, it is bordered by Enugu, Ebonyi, Cross-River an Akwa Ibom States respectively. It belongs to the Southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria and covers a landmass of 5,833.77 sq. km. The State is located within the forest belt of Nigeria with a temperature range of between 20°C -36°C lying within the tropics. It has the dry and rainy seasons (October - March and April September respectively). POPULATION: By the projection of the National Bureau of Statistics, based on the 1991 census figure of I. million, Abia State was expected to have a population of 3.51 million. In 2006 the National Population Commission allocated 2,833,999 as the population of Abia State. This figure...
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...different alternatives like organic agriculture. With the fluctuation in the market, especially in raw materials the challenge is getting tougher. One of these raw materials are the oilseeds that contains sunflower, corn, olive, soybean. In vegetable oil business even the variations don’t be observed, the comsumption is growing up. In the world market the vegetable oils are seperated into three groups as olive and nut, sunflower and corn, and cotton. The agriculture characteristics and production types change from one country to another. For example in USA and Italy soybean is the major vegetable oil but in Turkey and Spain sunflower takes the first place. Besides; USA, Brasil and China are leading the oilseed production in all over the world. In Turkey the oils that has produced are mostly from the sunflower(nearly 50%). Nearly 35% of the vegetable oils are produced from the cottonseed and remains are produced from the olives and the others. But in the recent years the production quantities in oil seeds has been decreasing and in 2007 it has declined 23,6 % while it is expected to be nearly 854000 tons. In this decline, the price parity and the competition between sunflower and wheat has been effective. On the other hand the oil consumption especially the sunflower oil consumption is increasing...
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...Chapter – I INTRODUCTION 1.Introduction of Project Work : Why Commodity Futures? ADVANTAGES OF FUTURES MARKET TO ITS VARIOUS PARTICIPANTS Stockiest / Jewelers / Farmers | | Traders, Jobbers & Arbitragers | * Can hedge their underlying * Get an extensive market * Can get loan against Warehouse Receipts | | Trading Opportunity | Investment Opportunity | Corporates | | Additional Advantage | * Can hedge by offsetting product exposure * Can hedge by parking only margin amount * Can buy goods without agents with Quality Assurance | | Spread Trading Opportunity | Arbitrage Opportunity | TABLE-1.1 Why Indian Commodity Exchange? India is essentially a commodity based economy constituting of Agriculture, Energy, Precious Metals and Base Metals. Couple of unique features / advantage seen in our exchanges, which is not seen elsewhere, are: 1. Timings: Our Trade timings are well matched with Global Market timings. 2. Number of commodities: Nowhere in the world more than 8 to 10 commodities are traded in a single exchange, but our exchanges are successfully managing over 40 commodities individually. Why Sharekhan? Superior & Consistant Research Performance of…. 1. Cutting Edge Analysis of Major Commodities 2. Relevent Analysis of Market News & Information 3. Sound Technical Analysis for Short Term Trends 4. Special Reports such as… * Hedge Solutions: To offset Product Exposure...
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...Hewlett-Packard [Year] CORRUPTION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: Introduction Nigeria is rich in natural and human resources, with a population of over 150 million people; the most populous country in Africa. At the time of her political Independence, on 1st October 1960, Nigeria excelled in production of agricultural produce such as groundnut, palm oil, cocoa, cotton, beans, timber and hides and skins. Then, during the oil boom period of the seventies Nigeria made headlines with her oil wealth, as a country richly endowed with oil and natural gas resources capable of financing a number of important projects to meet basic consumption and development needs (Salisu, 200:2). With per capital income of around $1,100 during the late 1970’s Nigeria was regarded as the fastest growing country in Sub-Sahara Africa (Salisu, Ibid). Yet it remains predominantly underdeveloped due to the scourge of corruption that has corroded it. Corruption denies the ordinary citizen the basic means of livelihood, it worsen unemployment and erodes our image as a nation and as individual (Danjuma Goje 2010:1). It has undermined Nigeria’s economic growth and development potential, with a per capital income of $340, Nigeria now ranks amongst the least developed countries in the World Bank League table (Salusi, op.cit). Nigeria’s higher education system once regarded as the best in Sub-Sahara Africa is in deep crisis. Health services are woefully inadequate, graduate unemployment...
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...THE CONCEPT OF PEST A pest can be defined as any organism which injures man, his property, or his environment, or which just causes him annoyance. Such organisms include principally certain insects, nematodes, fungi, weeds, birds and rodents, or any other terrestrial or aquatic plant or animal life, or virus, bacteria, etc. In agriculture, concern is normally expressed when the damage done to a crop by a specific crop pest or a group of pests causes a loss in yield or quality because this would mean a reduction in profit. When a loss in yield reaches certain proportions, the pest can be designated an economic pest. According to Edward and Heath (1964), the pest status is reached when there is a 5 percent loss in yield in a particular crop. In pest management, the economic appraisal of the pest status and justification of the need to embark on control measures is defined in relation to the following concepts: economic damage, economic injury level and economic threshold. Economic damage can be defined as the amount of injury done to a crop that will justify the cost of artificial control measures. Economic injury level is the lowest pest population density that can cause economic damage, which will vary from crop to crop, season to season, and area to area. For practical purposes, there is an economic threshold defined by Stern et al. (1959) as the pest population density at which control measures should be initiated or started to prevent an ever increasing pest population from...
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...focused on its agriculture sector. This project includes collecting information of agriculture activity of Israel, Israel’s geography, main agricultural products produced in Israel etc. but main purpose of this project is to doing a S.W.O.T Analysis of Israel’s agriculture sector to identified its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This report includes how Israel makes their agriculture sector superior in compare to world’s other countries. 1|Page 1. Overview of Israel’s Agriculture Israel’s agriculture is characterized by high technological level, pressure irrigation systems, automatic and controlled mechanization and high quality seeds and plants. Israel meets most of its food requirements through domestic production to produce over 5 million tons of field crops, 1.15 billion liters of milk, 1.6 billion eggs and 1.2 billion flowers for export (Ministry of Agriculture, 2006). The total area of arable land is 377,300 hectares with 78% under cultivation. Water scarcity is the main limiting factor in Israeli agriculture and the country depends on irrigation to increase its crop yields; about 50% of the land is irrigated. Of the 1,129 million cubic meters (MCM) of water used by agriculture per year, some 30% of agricultural water is treated wastewater (TWW) for drip irrigation of orchards and non-food crops, while another 16% is saline water. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development’s is a key driver of plans supporting sustainable development...
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...become entrepreneurial graduates capable of impacting on their environment while being globally competitive. Ideally, entrepreneurship education should be an off shoot of all disciplines. The primary discipline should provide skills capable of generating goods and services that would be demanded and create income. This education will thus help students to utilize learned skills to generate self employment thereby reducing the population of our graduate seeking jobs to the barest minimum. This will also reduce the level of unemployment nationally. The materials in the book are contributed by scholars from different intellectual backgrounds to produce a rich and highly stimulating compilation. The book gives a vivid background of the history of entrepreneurship from the rudimentary to the modern age. It provides ideas on principles and skills involved in sustaining entrepreneurship, potentials of businesses and entrepreneurs, types of enterprises and contributions of entreprenures to local, national and global economy. 2.0 Course description The concept and scope of entrepreneurship; the nature and forms of business ownership in entreneurship; entreneurship in Nigeria: an overview; mega-entrepreneurs: a prosopographical historical study of nigerian entrepreneurship, 1850-2000; transnational corporations and...
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