HISTORY OF PROJECT MANAGMENT

01-Jun-13 UMMARA MUSHTAQ

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HISTORY OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

PROJECT MANAGEMENT:
Project management is the discipline of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals.
Starting in the early 1960s, businesses and other organizations began to see the benefit of organizing work around projects. This project-centric view of the organization evolved further as organizations began to understand the critical need for their employees to communicate and collaborate while integrating their work across multiple departments and professions and, in some cases, whole industries.

LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY:
We can travel back even further, to the latter half of the nineteenth century, when the business world was becoming increasingly complex, to see how project management evolved from basic management principles. Large-scale government projects were the impetus for making important decisions that became the basis for project management methodology. In the United States, for example, the first truly large government project was the transcontinental railroad, which began construction in the 1860s. Suddenly, business leaders found themselves faced with the daunting task of organizing the manual labor of thousands of workers and the processing and assembly of unprecedented quantities of raw material.
EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY:
Taylor introduced the concept of working more efficiently, rather than working harder and longer. The inscription on Taylor's tomb in Philadelphia attests to his place in the history of management:
"The father of scientific management."
His studies of management focused on navy ship construction during World War I. His Gantt Charts, complete with task bars and milestone markers, outline the sequence and duration of all tasks in a process. Gantt chart diagrams