....................................................................... ii PREFACE ...................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................... v HITLER’S POLITICAL DECISION MAKING PROCESS.............................................1 Personality and Goals..................................................................................................1 Hitler’s Grand Strategy?..............................................................................................3 HITLER AS A MILITARY LEADER.............................................................................9 Strengths.....................................................................................................................9 Weaknesses............................................................................................................... 12 Decision Making Process .......................................................................................... 15 HITLER’S MILITARY “MISTAKES”/”BLUNDERS”................................................. 18 Dunkirk “Stop” Order...
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....................................................................... ii PREFACE ...................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................... v HITLER’S POLITICAL DECISION MAKING PROCESS.............................................1 Personality and Goals..................................................................................................1 Hitler’s Grand Strategy?..............................................................................................3 HITLER AS A MILITARY LEADER.............................................................................9 Strengths.....................................................................................................................9 Weaknesses............................................................................................................... 12 Decision Making Process .......................................................................................... 15 HITLER’S MILITARY “MISTAKES”/”BLUNDERS”................................................. 18 Dunkirk “Stop” Order...
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...the Sho’ah, is one of the tragic periods of “Jewish Diaspora” (Keter Books, 1974, p. 1) It started between 1933 and 1945 in Europe. It first started with discrimination...
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...works that are easily available and useful to a person unacquainted with the history of the Holocaust, many excellent books which are rare or out of print are not listed. Another class of books that are not included is works that are controversial because of their contents or the unusual theories they propose. Some of these are excellent works, others are not. But we feel that the reader for whom this list was compiled would not have the knowledge needed to evaluate these discussions of the legitimate controversies about the Holocaust. Just as a medical student must learn anatomy before he or she is taught surgery, someone studying the Holocaust must know the factual background before some of the more technical studies can be understood. As well as general works we have included books of specialized interest concerning the matters about which we at The Holocaust History Project are most frequently asked. Many of these books deal with more than one subject, but in the interest of brevity we have not cited a book more than once. General history of the Holocaust The Holocaust was not just an event. It was a process that continued for over a decade and involved millions of people. No single book could cover every aspect of the Holocaust. Those listed below will give the reader a general idea of the historical realities of the Holocaust. Lucy Dawidowicz, The War Against the Jews, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York (1975) Martin Gilbert,...
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...An Overview of Hitler’s Nazi Germany One of the most hated names of the 20th Century was Adolf Hitler. His role as dictator of Germany and his harsh treatment of Jews led to the deaths of millions of people during World War II. His leadership skills and his ability as a speaker appealed to the German people who were in a poor economic state following World War I. His political career began as Chancellor of Germany. Later he became the Fuhrer or leader of Germany and the founder of the Nazi Party. Hitler’s time as leader of Germany left the entire world with scars that took many years to heal. Adolf Hitler’s dictatorship was based on violence and hatred of certain races and minorities. He enforced his ideas using a secret police force known as the Gestapo. He formed concentration camps for those Germans who wouldn’t follow his rules as well as to murder millions of Jews. His success in World War II was short and when it became evident that his government would fail, he committed suicide. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria in a small town close to the German border. His father was a strict Catholic man who was very demanding of young Hitler. This strict way of life was very common at this time. As a young Catholic, Hitler sang in the choir and served as an altar boy. He did not practice the Catholic faith as an adult but considered himself a Christian. His hatred of Jews began as a young boy. Because of the political movements of the time that involved several Jewish...
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...Hitler: Man or Monster Mostafa Emad Tosson Academic Writing, Fall Class 2015 Canadian International College Abstract This research paper will present Hitler’s life from childhood till death, and how his character was shaped by happenings throughout his life. Conducting this research happened by studying Hitler’s biography from different points of view and analyzing the happenings he experienced to prove if Hitler was a man or a monster. Hitler: Man or Monster The man who has become known to many as the worst warmonger in history had humble, even bohemian beginnings. Believe it or not, Adolf Hitler was once a struggling artist, selling watercolor paintings of Viennese landmarks to keep him out of the poor house. How did Hitler go from this penny-pinching life to leading the Nazi Party and eventually Germany itself? Troubled Childhood Born 1889, April 20 – Adolf Hitler was born in an inn in the Austrian village of Braunau-am-Inn. He was the third child of Alois Hitler who was a customs official and his third wife Klara who came from a poor peasant family, but the other two children had died in infancy. Life was financially comfortable for the Hitler family but Alois was a domineering character and young Adolf frequently found himself on the wrong side of his father's short temper. At second Adolf had a half-brother, Alois Jr, and a half-sister, Angela, from Alois' previous marriage. Adolf's younger brother, Edmund, was be born in 1896. Another sister, Paula, was...
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...Andrea Cohen October 4th, 2012 Professor Marcel Nazi era- Companies that Help in the Holocaust Throughout history, there have been important events that have distinct a particular ethical issue within various companies. One of these horrific events was the Holocaust, which is defined by Michell R Marrus as “the systematic mass murder of European Jewry by the Nazis”, which “sits uneasily in the history of our time” (Marrus, 1987). To many people the Holocaust is still a source of remorse. Consequently they feel embarrassed, since many were apathetic towards the people suffering, but many also believe that historical investigations can bring about additional insight regarding companies and their commitments. The Holocaust is a part of the history that produces an uncomfortable sensation because of the horrible that happened in this era. As Nora Levin stated, it is not only the magnitude of the destruction- the murder of six million Jews- but because the events surrounding are in a very real sense incomprehensible. No one can understand how mass murder in such a scale could have happened or could have been allowed to happen. The purpose of this paper is not to talk about the Holocaust, however, to create a profound analysis of the German automobile companies that helped the Nazis to perform and gain profits from this holocaust of innocent people. Examples of these companies are the Ford Company, BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke), Daimler Benz, and Volkswagen. From 1930-1945...
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..."perfect" race? Well the answer to all these questions might be answered from Hitler's childhood. Adolph Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, in Braunau am Inn, Austria. He was the son of Alois, a customs official, and Klara Hitler. Alois was a very mean and stern father. His death, in 1903, came as a relief to Adolf. His relationship with his mother was totally opposite than his relationship with his father, Adolf idealized his mother so when she died in 1907 it was a very traumatic experience to him. This led to many problems, especially school. While living in Vienna, Hitler made his living by drawing small pictures of famous landmarks, which he sold as post cards. But he was always poor. He was also a regular reader of a small paper, which claimed that the Arabian race was superior to all and was destined to rule the world. The paper blamed Communists and Jews for all their problems and Hitler agreed to those views. Hitler agreed with most of the points made in the publication. He continued to live a poor life in Vienna and in 1913 decided to move to Munich. Still living in Vienna and being Austrian by birth, Hitler showed more loyalty to the country of Germany. He thought that the Aryan race was destined to rule the world. Many believe that he tried to escape the draft but it was never proven. His life in Munich was not much better then before and he continued to be poor. Then in 1914 World War I broke out and Hitler saw this as a great opportunity to show his loyalty to...
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...genocide root from socio-political factors influenced by deeply embedded ideologies which are manifested by political leaders of specific regime types. During World War II, German authorities targeted Jews and other minority groups like the gypsies and Pols due to their perceived racial inferiority. The German ideology in attempt to eradicate these auxiliary groups led to the conflict known as the Shoah. The Shoah is the biblical word meaning destruction and it is the standard Hebrew term for the murder of European Jewry. The Shoah was the systematic, bureaucratic and state sponsored persecution of six million Jews. Comparable to other ethnic based genocides, Germans believed they were racially superior and that Jews were inferior; and deemed a threat to the “German racial community” resulting in their mass murder. Various interpretations of the Shoah has given rise to similar attitudes and opinions regarding its historical events. The Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database, is one of the largest resources of its kind which includes millions of personal records from the extensive collections of archival and library materials, oral histories, artifacts, photographs, films and other materials that could assist in researching the fates of Jews during the Holocaust. Inclusive to the extensive records, there are multiple books relating to the different perceptions regarding the treatment of Jews during the holocaust;...
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...Nazi Germany and the Spanish Civil War Continuity in Hitler’s Foreign Policy Tom Goldstein Professor Herf HIST441 May 15, 2001 The Spanish Civil War (1936-9) was a very important event during the tense1930s in Europe. Although it did not make World War II inevitable, it increased the likelihood of a general war a great deal. The war had a tremendous impact on Spain itself, leaving much of the state’s economic and social infrastructure in ruins and leaving thousands dead. But the war also saw involvement from other European states as both sides of the conflict – the Right-wing Nationalists and the Left-wing Republicans (a.k.a. Loyalists) – requested and received foreign aid not only in terms of financial assets, but also in terms of war material and troops. Adolf Hitler’s Germany was one of the foreign countries most involved in the conflict, contributing economic loans as well as several thousand troops to the Nationalist cause. Hitler’s involvement in the Spanish war was consistent with a larger Nazi foreign policy aimed at diverting British and French attention from Central and Eastern Europe so that he would be unhindered in his plans for eastern expansion. However, the ramifications of the Spanish war for the rest of Europe were great in other ways. The Spanish Civil War was a major contributor to the hardening of the division between the democracies (Britain and France) and the dictatorships (Italy and Germany). Germany also...
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...superior to the Jews as well as other groups. This caused them to be obsessed with the idea of making the master race. This “Aryan Master Race” include people who were of pure aryan descent and those who were tall, fair-haired and light-eyed. Ultimately, Hitler’s...
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...Human beings have had to learn to work in isolation and in groups in order to survive. Fascinatingly, research has shown that working in groups and interactions with others has a significant impact on an individual’s behavior. However, not all examples of humans working in groups are positive. Perhaps the most shameful and horrifying example of the power of human behavior in groups, would be from the influence of Nazism. Pre-Nazi Germany was called the Weimar Republic prior to Hitler’s rule, discrimination, and totalitarianism. It was created after World War I when the Kaiser at the time was removed from power and a semi-presidential...
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...Political Carrer Winston Churchill | | | 11/22/2011 11/22/2011 The Life and Career of Sir Winston Churchill Churchill was involved in every important event of England’s from the Boer War to World War II. He served six British monarchs, from Queen Victoria to Elizabeth II. Through his life he was a statesman, soldier, author, journalist and twice prime minister, Churchill’s career has no parallel in modern history. The Early Years Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, England, on November 30, 1874. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a brilliant politician, even though he was one of the most hated. His mother was the American Jennie Jerome. One of his ancestors was John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, a great military hero. Winston Churchill himself showed no early signs of greatness. He was in fact a stubborn, unruly, manipulative, and often difficult red-haired boy and a poor student. He was also given to unpredictable behavior. Before he was even seven years old, it was already clear that he was headstrong, highly opinionated, and virtually impossible to control. He spent four years at Harrow School at the very bottom of his class. However during this time he showed that he had a remarkable memory similar to his father's. He particularly enjoyed English. From early childhood soldiers and warfare fascinated Churchill and he often played with a large collection of lead soldiers in his nursery. His later years at...
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...Woolf-Gurley English 1301-12123 The Life of Adolf Hitler The life of Adolf Hitler had always been a struggle since the day he was born till the very end of his life. You never really understand the situations people put themselves in and why until you really learn about them. Everyone may have their own personal opinions about someone but who is anyone to judge before they really understand the person completely. Each person has their own time line, and everything that has happened to them to make them the person they grow up to be, everyone has certain events throughout their lives that define them and help mold them into adults. Many people know of Adolf Hitler and why he was a part of history. They know of him as being responsible for the Holocaust, but very few know the reasons that led him to it. Born in Branau am Inn, Austria, on April 20, 1889, Adolf Hitler was the fourth of six children born to Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. In 1895, at age six, two important events happened in the life of young Adolf Hitler. First, the unrestrained, carefree days he had enjoyed up to now came to an end as he entered primary school. Secondly, his father retired on a pension from the Austrian civil service. This meant a double dose of supervision, discipline and regimentation under the watchful eyes of teachers at school and his strict father at home. His father, now 58, had spent most of his life working his way up through the civil service ranks. He was used to giving orders and...
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...The Rise of Evil: Nazi War Crimes Before embarking on a political career in September 1919 at the age of thirty, Adolf Hitler had been a nonentity. With no formal qualifications, he had become an aimless drifter and failed artist before joining the army on the outbreak of war in August 1914. There he was not considered worthy of promotion because of 'a lack of leadership qualities', although his award of the Iron Cross First Class showed that he did not lack courage. Yet during the next 26 years he succeeded in gaining and exercising supreme power in Germany and, in the process, arguably had more impact on the history of the world in the 20th century than any other political figure. The explanation for this remarkable transformation lies partly...
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