...Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a fairly common birth disorder that occurs early after conception. HPE is a failure of division of the forebrain in embryonic development. The three major types of HPE are alobar, semilobar and lobar. The most severe is alobar. In alobar, the forebrain has made no division at all and these individuals show the most severe facial characteristics and impairments. Semilobar is slightly less severe than alobar. In semilobar, the forebrain has partially divided and individuals exhibit moderate features. The least severe is lobar. In lobar, the forebrain has mostly divided and individuals have fairly normal development. These three types of HPE affect 1 in 250 embryos during early development and 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 20,000...
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...Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a cephalic disorder that occurs during embryonic development. The disorder prevents the normal separation of the frontal lobe (prosencephalon) into 2 separate bilateral hemispheres. In most severe forms, death occurs prior to birth. In some cases, it can prevent normal facial structure from developing resulting in structural abnormalities of the eyes, nose, and lip. The extent of seriousness of holoprosencephaly varies. The most serious form of HPE is known as alobar holoprosencephaly. Alobar HPE is characterized by no separation in the brain, absent midline structures, and possessing only one ventricle (the lateral and third ventricles are not present). A dorsal cyst is also present in individuals with alobar HPE,...
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...Trisomy 13 and the grace of God Veronica Hale was a very dedicated woman to her family and to God as well. In 1998, she gave birth to a baby girl with a rare disease known as Trisomy 13. Also referred to as Patau’s syndrome, is holoprosencephaly due to an extra chromosome 13, in which central nervous system defects are associated with mental retardation, along with cleft lip and palate, polydactyly, and dermal pattern anomalies, and abnormalities of the heart, viscera, and genitalia. This genetic disorder is caused by a person having three copies of genetic material from chromosome 13, instead of the usual two copies (V.Hale 2) Veronica was told by many physicians and other medical personnel that ‘these babies don’t live’. Veronica believed all along that her daughter, Molly, would be okay regardless of what the doctors or what anyone else said (V.Hale 1). Veronica began to pray, and ask that God’s will be done in her situation. She asked God to allow her to hold a live baby in her arms when the baby arrived. Veronica did her homework, asking questions of medical personnel, and reading everything she could find about Trisomy babies. She obtained enough knowledge to know that Trisomy 13 babies rarely live to be teenagers, although a small number have been known to do so. She hoped and prayed that her child would be one that survived. She knew that caring for her baby would be very difficult, but she would gladly give of herself and of her time to see this baby survive (O.Lester)...
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...Acquisitions Editor: Crystal Taylor Product Managers: Kelley A. Squazzo & Catherine A. Noonan Designer: Doug Smock Compositor: SPi Technologies First Edition © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. 351 West Camden Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Printed in China All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the abovementioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market street, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA, via email at permissions@lww.com, or via website at lww.com (products and services). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lambert, Harold Wayne, 1972– Lippincott’s illustrated Q&A review of anatomy and embryology / H. Wayne Lambert, Lawrence E. Wineski ; with special contributions from Jeffery P. Hogg, Pat Abramson, Bruce Palmer. — 1st ed. p. ; cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-1-60547-315-4 1. Human anatomy—Examinations, questions, etc. I. Wineski, Lawrence E. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Anatomy—Examination Questions...
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