...(HORMONAL INJECTIONS) Leader: Leonard T. Gultiano Members: Gail Joanne Dela Cruz Anjo Avila Miko Itable John Paulo Bulaong Rizaldy Amponin Jr. Depo-Provera® Hormonal Injections What are Depo-Provera® hormonal injections? Depo-Provera® is a female hormonal method of birth control. It's very effective in preventing pregnancy. Depo-Provera® contains a synthetic (man-made) form of the hormone progesterone, called depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). The Depo-Provera® injection gives 3 months protection against pregnancy. You should get one injection every 3 months (13 weeks) to get the best protection against pregnancy. It's safe to get your injection up to 2 weeks early if your 3-month appointment date does not fit into your schedule. Out of 100 women using Depo-Provera® Typical use: 6 women become pregnant Perfect use: 1 or fewer women become pregnant Remember * The Depo-Provera® shot is very effective in prevents pregnancy. * It is important to get your shot every 13 weeks (3 months). * Periods can be heavier initially, and then lighter, or absent while on Depo-Provera®. Questions: 1. When do Depo-Provera® hormonal injections start to work? Most girls get their first Depo-Provera® injection during the first five days of a normal menstrual period. You are then protected from pregnancy right after you get the injection. Another way to start Depo-Provera® is “Quick start” – you get the first injection when you haven’t had...
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... (Priya Johnson, 2011) The monthly menstrual cycle is just one of many biological factors that determine how hormones work in women. It is a very common for women to behave in a certain manner during the time of their menstrual cycle. Women are more prone to crave sex and have their sexual desire increase during the time of their menstrual cycle. Mood swings are known to occur frequently and without warning. Studies reveal that as women near their ovulation cycle, they will eat less and have greater sexual desire. They will pay closer attention to the opposite sex, become more flirtatious and even dress in a sexier manner to attract men. All of this happens as a result of the hormonal fluctuations occurring during the menstrual period. (Priya Johnson, 2011) Pregnancy and childbirth are other biological factors associated with hormone and behavior. A woman experiencing pregnancy is vulnerable to a variety of behavioral changes during this time. Pregnant women are known to go from one extreme to another during the time of pregnancy due to hormonal change. The body appears to experience a number of changes during this time that include constipation, irritability, fatigue, vomiting and nausea. It is not uncommon for a woman to appear extremely happy one moment and began to cry the next throughout pregnancy. These hormonal and behavioral changes stem from a main form of...
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...FEMALE AROUSAL DISORDER In recent years more then ever women are being studied for problems with sexual disorders and dysfunction’s "Sexual disorders and dysfunction's refer to difficulties individuals experience in their sexual functioning." (O’Donohue, Geer) In the past when sexual problems were studied amongst women the focus was on the orgasmic phase, with such problems as Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Anorgasmia, rather than on the arousal phase. Even in 1970 when Masters and Johnson published their famous book Human Sexual Inadequacy, they omitted form their finding associated with arousal disorder in women for reasons unknown. However many contemporary sex researchers, reason that arousal problems with women were more difficult to diagnose. Therefore in the past women's sexual problems were associated with inability to reach orgasm. This however would change in 1978, with publication of Frank, Anderson and Rubinstein's finding on arousal problems amongst women. According to the American Psychiatric Association, 1983 (DSM-III-R), for female sexual arousal disorders to exist two aspects must be present. Persistent or recurrent failure to attain or maintain the lubrication and the swelling response of sexual excitement until completion and second persistent or recurrent lack of subjective sense of sexual excitement and pleasure in female during sexual activity. "Until recently, researchers believed that most...
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...rewarding just as much as it can be stressful and difficult. Many women transition without harsh difficulties, but there are some women who experience a considerable amount of postpartum disorder (PPD). In the 40 weeks a woman is pregnant her physical and emotional states of mind change. A pregnant woman can often feel sad, anxious, and confused. For the women who are afflicted with PPD, or “the baby blues,” these emotions are short lived. When they do not go away quickly, or these emotions worsen, postpartum may start to effect women. A famous example case of PPD is Brooke Shields, who went through biological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral issues leading to her PPD. Brooke Shields was born in 1965 and grew up acting as a small child. Sheilds' parents separated when she was young and was raised by her mother. Her father had an active role in her life growing up. After graduating Princeton University she married Andre Agassi and was divorced a couple of years later. After her divorce she started dating again and remarried. They tried for several years to concieve with no luck due to prior surgery causing scar tissue. When Artificial insemination failed they tried in-vitro fertilization. This process involved injections, estrogen patches, and more surgery. She became pregnant, but had a miscarriage. As this process went on for seven months none were successful. Her last treatment she became pregnant again. Hoping her dad would live long enough, after being diagnosed...
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...INTRODUCTION: What is pregnancy? And what are the different symptoms did pregnant experience? Pregnancy is a happy moment for every woman as it shows that you are expecting a child to bear. One of the toughest parts of trying to get pregnant has to be playing the waiting game each month to see whether or not you get your period and, of course, whether or not you wind up with a positive home pregnancy test. But even though you can't confirm things until you get two pink lines or a plus sign on a test stick, there are some really early pregnancy symptoms that might be an indication that you have a baby on board even if it's way too early to officially detect things yet. Some people have basic questions about how pregnancy happens. Some may have questions about avoiding a pregnancy. Others are considering pregnancy and have questions about pre-pregnancy health, or infertility. And some may wonder about options for an unintended pregnancy. Many women need information about pregnancy tests. Pregnant women may also have questions about prenatal care and the stages of pregnancy. And women who are concerned about pregnancy loss may have lots of questions about miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Only you can decide what is best for you when it comes to pregnancy. But we are here to help. A staff member at your local Planned Parenthood health center can talk with you about all of your pregnancy-related concerns. And we can help you get care that you need. Pregnancy is the fertilization...
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...To keep the hair growth and loss balanced and under control, while some follicles are in a growth period others are resting. The hormonal situation in a woman's body while she is pregnant keeps the hair in a strong growth phase. Many will comment to a pregnant women, how healthy and thick her hair looks. This is due to the fact that she is not losing hair that she would normally be losing and so the density of her hair increases during her pregnancy. So not only do you have above average normal hair growth during pregnancy, you also do not lose hair during pregnancy that you normally would. However once the child is born, dramatic changes in the hormonal system occur. Part of this rapid change is that all hair follicles simultaneously go into a resting period. The resultant after pregnancy hair loss can be...
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...Birth control is used by women all over the world, however it is a way for women to prevent pregnancy. As of now there is no birth control for men, but scientists want to come up with one that will be used by both men and women. Birth Control was established in 1960, and was known to be the most important invention of the 20th century. There are all sorts of different methods of birth control, such as “the pill”. Women take the pill everyday by mouth to prevent pregnancy, when taken correctly it is up to 99.9% effective. By taking the birth control pill it may prevent pregnancy, but it does not protect you from sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV. In order to start the pill you need a doctor or a nurse practitioner to give you a prescription. They will start by asking you questions about your health, and family history which may include a pelvic ultrasound. When starting the pill the doctor or nurse will explain when the right time is to begin the pill, and what will happen if you miss taking the pill. Depending on what birth control pill...
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...What is PCOS? PCOS is called polycystic ovary syndrome, and it is a syndrome that affects a large number of women, whether they know it or not. What is PCOS exactly? It is a hormonal disorder that causes the ovaries to enlarge with small cysts on the outer edge. There is no known exact cause of this disorder, but most of the symptoms occur from hormone imbalances. With the excess of insulin that is produced, sometimes an increased production of androgens happens and causes trouble with ovulation. Androgens are hormones that influence sex-related characteristics, so having an excess amount that the ovaries produce can result in having acne, hirsutism (which is excess facial and body hair) and could even cause reproductive dysfunction. This...
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...Ten Disadvantages of Contraception* 1.Separates sex from LIFE 2.Fuels the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs/ STIs)a 3.Cheapens women (and men) 4.Some methods can cause early abortion 5.Promotes promiscuity 6.Is costly and unhealthy 7.Damages romance 8.Unleases the sex drive 9.Undermines love, marriage, family and society 10 Damages the human heart and the Whole Person: emotionally, socially, intellectually, physically, and morally/spiritually (that is, your inner-most being) * Contraception is anything done before, during, or after intercourse to try to prevent (stop) fertilization (which would make a baby). [from Womanity, 1994] Device Failure One disadvantage of contraception is that the devices used to prevent pregnancy can sometimes fail either by manufacturer error or by the user not following the directions properly. For example, condoms can break if they are past their use dates or if user errors, such as using petroleum jelly as a lubricant or wearing two condoms at once, occur. The birth control pill becomes less effective when you miss a pill or do not take them as prescribed. Allergic Reaction Some forms of contraception can cause severe allergic reactions, making them dangerous for some consumers. For example, many condoms are made from rubber latex, which can cause swelling, rashes or even anaphylaxis when they come into contact with someone who is allergic to the material. To combat these reactions, condoms now are available...
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...James Memo To: Pregnant and Postpartum Women From: Developmental Psychologist Subject: Prenatal and Postpartum Activities Date: November 8th, 2012 Most pregnant woman imagine how their developing fetus looks like, what the developing fetus is doing at a particular point, and aspire to deliver a healthy baby. Most important, many prenatal and postpartum women are eager to know what she can do to help deliver a healthy baby and how to care for the newborn. Here are some advices and activities offered to a prenatal, postpartum, and future development of a child includes healthy foods, consumption of adequate water, exercise, medication awareness, and emotions. One of the important factors that will positively affect the developing fetus is nutritional habit of the mother. Nutritional status with consumption of healthy food is the driving force behind attaining a healthy baby. A prenatal and postpartum woman would be advised to cultivate the habit of consuming healthy food because malnutrition in early state of pregnancy can affect the embryo’s ability to survive and poor nutrition in latter half of the pregnancy can affect the growth of the fetus. As noted in the text also that “prenatal care reduces the incidence of low birthweight, which is associated with poor nutrition, multiple births, and drug use” (Berger, 2010 p. 71). Examples of food incudes low fat milk, pasta, fruits, cereals, rice, and vegetables. Energy is needed for the ability of pregnant woman to carry the...
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...species. What separates these species is biology. Sexual species rely on a mate, but asexual species can rely on themselves to reproduce. The idea however is whether sexual or asexual the species can reproduce. Sexual According to the U.S. Unborn Child Pain Awareness Act of 2005 it is stated, “The term `woman’ means a female human being who is capable of becoming pregnant, whether or not she has reached the age of majority.”(Lauren) One may argue the fact that there are females and males who are born in-fertile. The fact however remains that amongst that group they were biologically born with the reproductive traits of either a male or female. In a press release by Stanford University on 03/10/1995 it was stated that DNA research has identified the general location of at least “one gay” gene. The gene was said to be inherited from the mother. However, the research does not indicate any biological reason for a person to want to be the opposite sex, and to my point suggests the want to be the opposite sex is purely psychological. Consider trans-genders who go through operations to have male/female sex changes; yes they have the sexual functions of a male or female, but they are for stimulation purposes only, and not for reproduction purposes. Male transgender would have to rely on their biological abilities to successfully reproduce. In the case of being in-fertile as a woman, there are other means which includes egg donors, and other operations, but you would have to have...
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...actually happen during the perimenopause stage. Some women go through without any difficulty, but some women have symptoms lasting for years. Symptoms are due to lowered production of female sex hormones – oestrogen and progesterone. Oestrogen regulates the menstrual cycle. There are a number of factors which affects women’s age at menopause. The most important is when your mother had menopause. It is strongly genetically linked. You are very likely to fall within a few years either way of the age your mother was at menopause. Commonly the age of menopause is between 45-50 years sometimes...
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...Not all contraceptive methods are appropriate for all situations, and the most appropriate method of birth control depends on a woman's overall health, age, frequency of sexual activity, number of sexual partners, desire to have children in the future, and family history of certain diseases. Individuals should consult their health care providers to determine which method of birth control is best for them. Some types carry serious risks, although those risks are elevated with pregnancy and may be higher than the risks associated with the various methods. The different methods of contraception include:1,2 Barrier methods Hormonal methods Emergency contraception Intrauterine methods Sterilization Barrier Methods Designed to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, barrier methods are removable and may be an option for women who cannot use hormonal methods of contraception. Types of barrier methods include: Male condoms. This condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis to collect sperm and prevent it from entering the woman's body. Male condoms are generally made of latex or polyurethane, but a natural alternative is lambskin (made from the intestinal membrane of lambs). Latex or polyurethane condoms reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lambskin condoms do not prevent STDs. Male condoms are disposable after a single use. Female condoms. These are thin, flexible plastic pouches. A portion of the condom is inserted into a woman's vagina...
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...the most mature follicle to release an egg (ovulation). Some women experience cramping during ovulation. Basal body temperature rises after ovulation. The follicle that released the egg becomes the corpus luteum which releases progesterone and estradiol. LH and FSH decline. Estrogen rebuilds the endometrial tissue and stratum functionalis. Progesterone causes the endometrium to thicken by being covered in mucous. The involution of corpus luteum causes the decline in progesterone. This decline causes tissue necrosis and the stratum functionalis sloughs off causing menstruation. This all happens if egg implantation in the endometrium does not occur. During menstruation blood, endometrial tissue, and serous fluid are discharged. 2. Barrier Methods include the female and male condom and diaphragm Female condom: Worn inside the vagina. Blocks sperm from reaching the women’s cervix Male condom: A thin sheath made from latex, polyurethane, or lamb’s skin. It covers the man’s erect penis and prevents sperm from entering a women Diaphragm: A shallow latex cup placed in the vagina. Before having sex, spermicide is added to the device to kill the sperm. The diaphragm covers the cervix so it prevents the sperm from reaching the cervix Hormonal methods include the pill, the patch, the shot, and the vaginal ring The pill: contains estrogen and progestin. It keeps the ovaries from releasing an egg. The pill also causes changes in the lining of the uterus and the cervical mucus to keep...
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... There are a select amount of people that have occasional flare ups which subside on their own. Then there are the unfortunate people that are diagnosed with cyclic acne. For these people the treatment of course turns out to be accutane. Accutane is a cure but is it over prescribed and is this being done haphazardly without real consideration for the consequences? Acne vulgaris, the medical term for typical acne, is the most common skin disease. It is so common that nearly eighty-five percent of the population will develop some form of acne at some time between the ages of twelve and twenty-five years. Although there are several theories about what causes acne, medical doctors generally agree that acne is a by-product of hormonal changes in the body. At puberty (that period of life when a child develops secondary sex characteristics), increased levels of androgens (normally referred to as the male hormone) cause the sebaceous glands to produce to much sebum. The sebaceous glands lie just beneath the skin's surface. They produce an oily substance called sebum,...
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