...NJ122 “Public Health Assignment” Oliver Stacey September 08 Public Health and Professional Practice – Smoking This essay aims to describe the epidemiology of smoking. The essay is going to notify the nurse’s role into promoting public health. I choose the topic of smoking due to the realisation of how many patients were smokers on the day surgery ward, which my placement was held. Today, tobacco consumption is recognised as the UK’s single greatest cause of preventable illness and early death with more than 114,000 people dying each year from smoking-related diseases including cancers (Canceresearchuk.org). Smoking also causes a substantial amount of cost to the NHS (National Health Service) every year. Rather than on health on an individual, public health focuses on health and disease in populations or communities as a whole (Ewles, Simnett 2003). Although there has been a decline of smoking, which could be due to a number of things, for example the smoking ban placed in the United Kingdom, smoking still sets high figures of deaths around the world. Around 90% of lung cancer cases are caused by tobacco smoking and, in addition, the 2002 IARC Working Group stated that tobacco smoking can also cause cancers of sites such as the stomach, pancreas, liver, lower urinary tract etc, (Cancerresearchuk.org). Smoking also costs the NHS £1.4 - £1.7 billion per year, (DOH, 2005). This in hand affects the role of the nurse, as smoking must always be evaluated when nursing...
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...John's main sphere of influence was Europe, and the United States. He was very famous and important at the time for England. Maybe even one of the most famous and important people in the world at the time. He also influenced the American, French and Haitian revolutions. John was a philosopher. (someone who thinks a lot about how people think). John Locke has influenced many other leaders too such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. John got his power by being a philosopher. He got a very good education because of his dad having connections to the government. And that is what got him where he was at the time. The way that he used his power was maybe the most central idea in Locke's political way of thinking...
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...AE 5A Writing Assignmaent Academic Essay: Case Study Final Draft of Philip For a company to develop, it is necessary to expand its scale of business, which is following opportunity and risk. All companies face the risk that could let them failed into transfer in new environment and new market, including lease-to-own stores. Lease-to-own is a pattern of shopping usually used in U.S. which provides goods to rent till own within a contract date. One of the dilemmas facing lease-to-own chain is whether to expand the businese by building retail stores overseas, where is a strange environment to them. This dilemma is the key point of Michael Chu’s case study, ‘Play it safe at home, or take a risk abroad?’(2012). This case focuses on a American lease-to-own chain company, Coe’s, which sells household items and furniture, and its CEO, Stan Windham. At this moment, he and his father have built one thousand stores business in America that the company is considering of expanding abroad, Europe or Mexico. Aubrey Merrin, a mannager of south Tuscon store, and a cashier lady of a convenience store, both meet Windham in one day and suggested him to extend his business to Mexico. On another hand, the CFO of Coe’s, Carl Amirault, who is trusted by Windham, argues that Mexico is a worse choice than putting more stores domestically. Also, he points out the failure case of Puerto Rico should be treated as a lesson. The CEO now needs to make a decision whether to extend to Mexico or maintain...
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...In this essay we are going to analyze the work experiences of recent immigrants to the U.S from Africa and compare these experiences to the immigrants during the late 90’s. Since the emergence of Barack Obama many debates have happened on race relations and the foreign black factor in African American identities and society. But before we get started we need to understand the demographics of African immigrants and how they have changed since the late 90’s. Which African countries are sending the most immigrants per year to the U.S and where they live. Was there a significant difference in the socio economic status between native born African Americans and immigrant Africans. A study conducted by the Pew Research Center has found that 3.8 million...
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...definition since World War II has defined poverty in monetary terms, using levels of income or consumption to measure poverty (Grusky and Kanbur, 2006: 11) and defining the poor by a headcount of those who fall below a given income/consumption level or ‘poverty line’ (Lipton and Ravallion, 1993: 1 in Handley et al., 2009). Multidimensional definitions acknowledge that poverty is also defined by a sense of helplessness, dependence and lack of opportunities, self-confidence and self-respect on the part of the poor. (Narayan et al., 2000). Sen (1999) defines poverty as lack of freedom while another dimension view it as interlinked forms of deprivation in the economic, human, political, sociocultural and protective spheres (OECD, 2006).This essay discusses the issue of poverty in Africa from colonial period to present day. The paper also analyses the causes of poverty since colonial era, the poverty alleviation strategies adopted to deal with poverty and propose possible solutions for poverty alleviation. A plethora of case studies will be drawn from several countries to substantiate the claims and insights provides in this paper. 2.0 Poverty, colonialism and Colonial Legacy Poverty is attributed to colonial legacy and how colonial rule marginalized the Africans in economic participation. In Africa, poverty is attributed to the economic activities of the colonial masters which exploited labour, natural resources and expropriated the continent while there was little plough back to...
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...vertical scroll bar. After doing this, you will no longer need to scroll down to see the buttons on the bottom of the exam interface. At the end of the exam, you may go back and re-check these toolbars to return to your normal view. If you have any questions, please contact us at techsupport@manhattangmat.com or call 800-576-GMAT (4628). Good luck practicing! Note: GMAT is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management Admission Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this test preparation service. AWA Essays In the Analytical Writing Assessment, you will be asked to write 2 essays. You will have exactly 30 minutes to write each essay. In the first essay, you are requried to analyze an argument. Your task is to critique the argument, not to present your own view on the given subject. In the second essay, you are required to analyze an issue. Your task is to present and support your particular view on the given issue. AWA ESSAYS: ANALYSIS OF AN ARGUMENT ESSAY QUESTION: The following appeared in a medical magazine: "Art and music have long been understood to have therapeutic effects for individuals who suffer from either physical or...
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...An Essay on Fiscal Federalism Wallace E. Oates Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 37, No. 3. (Sep., 1999), pp. 1120-1149. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-0515%28199909%2937%3A3%3C1120%3AAEOFF%3E2.0.CO%3B2-A Journal of Economic Literature is currently published by American Economic Association. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/aea.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is an independent not-for-profit organization dedicated to and preserving a digital archive of scholarly journals. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. http://www.jstor.org Tue Apr 24 17:00:09 2007 Journal of Economic Literature Vol. XXXVZZ (September 1999) pp. 1120-1 149 An Essay on Fiscal Federalism 1. Introduction ISCAL DECENTRALIZATION is in vogue. Both in the industrialized and in the...
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...Essay One; HUMN 344 698 Essay One; HUMN 344 698 08 Fall 08 Fall Introduction Over the last decade, rapid technological advances affect every aspect of human life. Significant the most prolific technological advancement is the introduction of the worldwide web, more commonly known as the Internet. The Internet has provided mankind with luxuries such as; remote banking, distant learning for students, shopping for household goods and clothes, and countless other amenities. Therefore, just considering the technology of the Internet upon its own merits, the Internet demonstrates an evasive technology that is not only a luxury to some areas of industry it is an economic necessity. Also, considering the advent of social media vehicles such as; Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, technology enables anyone to have the potential to access to platforms for sharing their opinions. When one has access to a platform opinions and comments are created that can be both powerful and scathing for the good or bad. In extreme instances, becoming more commonplace, options and comments expressed can turn into threating harassment. In turn, many are experiencing a continuous pattern of “digital harassment” called cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is determined to be a new cause of fear in our society, especially in younger generations and adolescents. The narrative of this paper will discuss cyberbullying, its negative influence through the use of modern technology, and the ethical/social...
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...criminality. ,one prominent argument advocates that the cause of the unrest was the moral decay of ‘a feral underclass’ (Scrambler; Grover 2011) However, many of such explanations tend to be mostly speculative and they often fail to provide a consistent account of the causes of the riots based on solid evidence (the LSE/theguardian, 2011, Solomos, 2011). Against this background this essay attempts to disentangle the motives of the London 2011 riots, by focusing on the relations of causality between factors and events that led to the burst of the unrest. It argues that urban social inequalities as well as uneven processes of exclusion and inclusion of a marginalised class are the main factor underlying the disturbances. Yet this essay claims that these riots need also to be analysed in the very specific context in which they have arisen: the financial crisis, a society which is becoming increasingly consumerist in its orientation, the disputable role of the police, loss of faith in the political class and hopelessness towards the future amongst the urban youth. In the first part this essay analyses inequality indicators and trends embracing the multidimensional nature of social inequality (Bradley, 1996)....
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...Industrial Revolutions. They transformed demographics, working methods and economic structures. Their consequences impacted on the family income, both in terms of how money was earned and who in the family earned it. One of the consequences of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolution was a shift in populations to more urban areas. The revolution also impacted on the self-sufficient economy of rural life with increased reliance on industrial employment. This essay will examine these changes and discuss how they impacted on women and the family. This will be achieved by examining the changes in gender roles and, in particular, changes to women’s roles in the family and society and how this directly impacted on the shape and function of the family. The aim is to explore the cultural and economic shift in eighteenth century society from a mainly rural, agrarian society to and more urban, industrialises society. The essay will also consider how these changes impacted on family life during this period. The issue which this essay focuses on is; that as women and children began to play a greater role in the work place the shape and function of family changed. Eighteenth century life was dependant on agriculture. During the early years of the century over eighty percent of the population were living in rural areas. Although there were demographic changes occurring, with people leaving rural areas to seek employment in the towns and cities, both the rural people and those in towns and...
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...in America and France — there was no political revolution in Britain at that time. (8-9) 6. d Positivism is the application of the scientific approach to the social world. (9) 7. d Of the four statements, the one that best reflects Herbert Spencer’s views on charity is “The poor are the weakest members of society and if society intervenes to help them, it is interrupting the natural process of social evolution.” While many contemporaries of Spencer’s were appalled by his views, the wealthy industrialists found them attractive. (10) 8. b The proletariat is the large group of workers who are exploited by the small group of capitalists who own the means of production, according to Karl Marx. (11) 9. a Durkheim believed that social factors, patterns of behavior that characterize a social group, explain many types of behavior, including suicide...
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...Literature Review Family Structural Changes and Juvenile Delinquency To develop a well-formulated theory on family structural changes playing an impact on juvenile delinquency, it is imperative to discern what other information exists surrounding the topic. There are multiple sources that seek to determine what factors influence kids/teens to turn into delinquents, from either a stable, loving home or a place filled with toxic disasters. This study is focused on analyzing how these various factors within a family within a family impact a child's likelihood of experiencing juvenile delinquency, but more specifically how family changes are a factor. My proposed research studies the question by studying individuals, making persons my phenomena. Using the existing studies as a basis of knowledge will provide the framework for a new theory involving the significance of family structural changes. One of the major functions of the family is to protect, teach, and train children so that they become competent, productive adults and if that job is not done properly, then it can be assumed that the family has failed to do its job (Kunz, 2001b). Variable: DIVORCE We first have to look into whether juvenile delinquency is related to divorce. Cynthia Price and Jenifer Kunz created a meta-analysis, involving 72 studies where meta-analysis is the quantitative statistical analysis of several separate but similar experiments or studies in order to test the pooled data for statistical significance...
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...Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION 3 2.0 PORTER’S NATIONAL DIAMOND ANALYSIS 3 2.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 4 2.2 FACTOR CONDITIONS 5 2.3 DEMAND CONDITIONS 6 2.4 RELATED & SUPPORTING INDUSTRIES 7 2.5 FIRM STRATEGY, STRUCTURE & RIVALRY 7 3.0CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT ISSUES 8 3.1 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 8 3.2 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 10 4.0 MARKET ENTRY STRATEGIES 11 4.1 JOINT-VENTURE 11 4.2 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 12 5.0 CONCLUSIONS 13 6.0 REFERENCES 14 1.0 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to discuss and evaluate the attractiveness of the food retail industry in India. Research on the Indian food retail industry will be executed to construct an analysis of the overall competitiveness and investment attractiveness. In Part 1, the researcher will apply the extended version of Porter’s National Diamond (PND) model to the Indian food retail industry. In Part 2, two key management issues will be taken into account and analysed before developing any further operations into the Indian food retail industry. In Part 3, two market entry strategies will be selected, compared, and discuss the advantages and limitations of each to determine the optimal strategy to be implemented in regards to the Indian food retail industry. 2.0 Part 1: PORTER’S NATIONAL DIAMOND ANALYSIS India has experienced significant social and economic change as of late, enabling a solid consumer market for foreign retailers. According to UNICEF, the Indian economy has been booming, with...
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...Introduction There are 1,250,000 lone-parent families in the UK, and 19 percent of all these families have children(Millar, 1999). The quantity of single parents have almost increased two-fold since early 1970s and this growth is part of widest patterns of change in family structure. Here are so many reasons for this, for example, the rising in extramarital births, the increasing in cohabitation, the rising in the divorce, and the rising of remarriage and cohabitation after divorce. (Millar, 1999). In 2000, it may be that less than 50% of all children in the United Kingdom will have spent all their lives in a traditional two parents family with both their real parents (Kiernan & Wicks, 1990 cited Millar, 1996). The essay will analyse several of the main factors which have affected the changing of the lone mothers families in the UK. And both the troubles and fortunes that received by lone mothers. There are three main parts to explain the changing of lone parents families in Britain: the changing policy; the ascending economy; the changing sociology ( social value). The Three Main Factors—Policy, Economy, and Sociology, for the Increasing of the Lone Mothers Families in the United Kingdom Since 1971 to 1990 the number of divorced and seperated female with children increased from 290,000 to 650,000; the quantity of single mother rose from 90,000 to 390,000. The numbers of lone fathers have also raised from 70,000 to 110,000, but they still very much in the small number ,at nearly...
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...The Netherlands is a country located in Western Europe with a population of over 17 million. With over 400 people per square kilometer, the Netherlands has the highest population density in Europe and the 5th highest population density in the world. There are 12 ‘provinces’ in the Netherlands and the country is bordered by Belgium and Germany. The Netherlands is mostly low-lying, located at the mouths of three major European rivers (Rhine, Meuse, and Schelde). The government system is a constitutional monarchy. The chief of state is the king, and the head of government is the prime minister. The House of Oranje-Nassau has governed the Netherlands since 1815. King Willem-Alexander, born 1967, was crowned in 2013, along with his Argentinean wife Maxima, who serves as the queen consort. The Netherlands has a mixed economic system, which includes a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation. The constitution dates mostly from 1848, and revisions undertaken in 1983. The Netherlands are a member of the European Union (EU) and are the world’s second largest exporter of agricultural products, including just over 20 percent of the world’s potato and tomato exports. The country is highly diverse and among the wealthiest countries per capita. The country is one of the top places to live in the world for a number of reasons including its technology, schooling, and medical practices. The country is flourishing and only continuing to advance...
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