...of Armed Forces where many outstanding members have stood courageous and resilient in their service to this country and the protection of others. General John J. Pershing, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, and General Matthew B. Ridgway are three of the military leaders which this paper will depict and associate while expounding upon the way each contributed to the American Military Tradition. Continuing in how these individuals were or were not representative of an American culture or an American Way of War as interpreted in this course of study. Also, an opinion will be offered regarding such persons as to whether or not each was an appropriate Christian role model. No matter the similitudes or dissimilarities of the individuals each will prove to be distinguished and accomplished in their innovative and outstanding leadership and service to this country. Military Tradition in the United States of America is a frequent reference to relationship and affiliation through the ancestral line of a serviceman and an individual’s advancements and accomplishments as soldiers. American Military Tradition will endeavor itself to change as new technologies and ideologies transpire. The reflection of change or enhancement will reveal through the commands of the three leaders General Pershing, General Eisenhower, and General Ridgway. John Joseph Pershing John J. Pershing (1860 - 1948) was born September 13, 1860, in the town of Laclede, Linn County, Missouri. John “Black Jack” Pershing known...
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...U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s Farewell Address is a legendary piece of writing, filled with wishes, hopes, dreams, and concerns. He looked into the future and it troubled him, during the speech he relayed his concerns as well as his dreams to the U.S. Congress, Senate, the American people, the incoming president, and the rest of the world. Before we look at the address let’s first take a look at the man himself. “Ike” as he was fondly known, was not only a man of superior intelligence and bravery, he was also a visionary who seemed to sense what challenges and obstacles our nation would be facing in the very near future. As current historians look back it has become clearer that Ike was a better president than some who had thought otherwise. His current popularity ranking has continued to soar to new heights, ranking him near the top in several polls. During Eisenhower’s eight year presidency his administration managed to balance the national budget three times as excessive spending pressures were a constant issue. Most of Eisenhower’s presidency peace had been stable, our nation’s economy was growing, and there was a good feeling of a better life here in the U.S. Eisenhower’s desire was that he wanted the entire world to come together and get to know something about each other, create friendships that will lead to everlasting peace. He also had the vision to know to that in order for our nation to be respected we needed to have a powerful military. Our country was...
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...Cold War and U. S. Diplomacy of Dwight Eisenhower Dwight D. Eisenhower originated from a family of Swiss descent. He was born October 14, 1890 in Denison Texas, however soon thereafter moved to Abilene Kansas, due to his father’s job at a local creamery. Coming from a poor family, he was the third of seven sons.to the distress of his mother, a devout Mennonite and pacifist, young Ike (as he was known) Eisenhower learned the virtue of hard work as a child. During high school he was more interested in athletics than academics, graduating sixty-first out of 165. After his high school career he attended WestPoint. He was stationed in Texas as a second lieutenant and graduated in 1915 at the bottom half of his class. Eisenhower married Mamie Doud in 1916, whom he met at WestPoint. The couple had two sons, one of which died as an infant from scarlet fever, the other following the footsteps of his father. During his military campaign he devised many successful battle strategies ensuring the United States world power status in North Africa, Normandy and along the German border. As a president he developed America’s nuclear arsenal, began the Interstate highway system, ended the Korean War, and contained communism throughout the world, gaining strong support as a general and a president. During WWI Eisenhower served as a tank instructor, continuing his slow march towards the top of military rankings. Between the years of 1922 and 1924, Eisenhower was awakened by a special interest...
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...incredible and effective leader. Every person that takes the role of a leader has the same goal; to get results. There is no exact science to be a perfect leader. However, there are steps one can take to be the best possible leader. Every person may be better suited to lead a specific type of situation. Yet, a person can use some of the tools given here to become a great leader. Every person will lean toward one style of leadership more than others. It may fit the person’s personality more or it may be how they feel they can get things accomplished for that group. One of the main figures in the dynamics of leadership, Daniel Goleman (2000) breaks down leadership into six simple styles. They are; commanding, authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and last but not least coaching (Goleman, 2000). Each one has a different impact on the climate of the business or situation. At the same time the truth is that people are not limited to one style. If someone knows how to combine these styles, depending on the situation they are in, they can thrive as a...
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...wish to achieve is the ability to have any leadership I have exhibited to transcend me in death in order for our world’s future leader’s a better chance to provide positive leadership practices and induce proper change when required. Spanning as far back in time as records can call upon there have always been people placed into positions of leadership. In the prehistoric times when societies were merely small groups of Neanderthals we now call “cavemen” there was always an alpha male. The alpha male was typically the strongest and wisest of the group, charged with the safety in all decisions made by the group to ensure the best possible chances for survival in the harsh prehistoric times. Later, as time passed along these Neanderthals developed further and crated the larger societies of the ancient Egyptian empire. In the times of the ancient Egyptian empire leadership started to take an evolutionary step in what it was meant to be and how it was meant to be implemented. It was in the view of the pharaohs that practices of leadership implementation started to take form as each leader of the royal blood line were placed there by the “all mighty” himself to lead the people of the land. This ideal of leadership is highly expressed in the teachings of King David during...
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...On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the Sputnik satellite into space, putting a big question mark to the framework of American education. Sputnik incited fear in the American leaders as well as the majority of the population, but not only because of the imagined implications of being spied on or being crushed if the satellite should fall from space. The launch of Sputnik led the United States to question its position of “technological superiority to Soviet Russia, and left government officials, politicians, scientists, and educators scrambling to find way to close the gap” (Concannon & Barrow, 2011, pg. 369). The years that followed World War II had produced substantial changes in American education. Before the war, many saw education as an “engine of commercial development” (Rury, 2009, pg. 179). However, after World War II schools and schooling “increasingly were acknowledged as a primary factor in national economic growth” (Rury, 2009, pg. 179). At the end of the war, the G.I. Bill, which helped many returning servicemen go to college, and the baby boom, which began in the late 1940s, meant more Americans attended schools than in any other time period. “Enrollments climbed at all levels of the educational system… everyone was interested in going to school” (Rury, 2009, pg. 179). In addition to the increases in school enrollment and population, other significant social trends began in the 20 years following the end of the war. In 1951, a class action suit was...
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...NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND THE ESCALATION OF THE COLD WAR, 1945-1962 David Holloway, Stanford University Nuclear weapons are so central to the history of the Cold War that it can be difficult to disentangle the two. Did nuclear weapons cause the Cold War? Did they contribute to its escalation? Did they help to keep the Cold War “cold?” We should ask also how the Cold War shaped the development of atomic energy. Was the nuclear arms race a product of Cold War tension rather than its cause? The Atomic Bomb and the Origins of the Cold War The nuclear age began before the Cold War. During World War II, three countries decided to build the atomic bomb: Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union. Britain put its own work aside and joined the Manhattan Project as a junior partner in 1943. The Soviet effort was small before August 1945. The British and American projects were driven by the fear of a German atomic bomb, but Germany decided in 1942 not to make a serious effort to build the bomb. In an extraordinary display of scientific and industrial might, the United States made two bombs ready for use by August 1945. Germany was defeated by then, but President Truman decided to use the bomb against Japan. The decision to use the atomic bomb has been a matter of intense controversy. Did Truman decide to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki in order, as he claimed, to end the war with Japan without further loss of American lives? Or did he drop the bombs in order to intimidate the Soviet Union...
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...Was the legislation that gave African Americans equal rights to ‘whites’ the result of famous, glorified leaders such as Martin Luther King and Lyndon Johnson or was it those who worked behind the scenes, the local groups and individuals, who set the stage for these legal amendments to be possible? The Civil Rights Movement was one of the most significant events in the modern history of the United States that has formed the basis of many of its core values and laws today. The Civil Rights Movement unofficially ended with the passing of the long awaited “1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act” which legally saw an end to the racial discrimination faced by African Americans. However the historiography of the Civil Rights Movement has “undergone some serious revision” since 1965 as it ‘gained popular appeal.’ Initially the Civil Rights Movement was “romanticized” and considered to be a “heroic narrative of moral purpose and personal courage by which great men and women inspired ordinary people to rise up and struggle for their rights” such as the famed Martin Luther King, who was painted as the ‘driving force behind the movement’ ,President Lyndon Johnson and Kennedy and organisations such as ‘The National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People’ (NAACP) This idea of the federal government, prominent leaders and organisations playing the defining role in the passing of these bills soon became less plausible in the 1970’s and 1980’s as the “second...
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...topic of my paper, because I know I am the one who always want to stay in my comfort zones, which may impede my way to become a good leader or a successful person. So, I need to step out of my comfort zones on purpose once in a while, to improve my leadership skills and interpersonal skills. To finish this paper, first, I conducted a wide range of research on internet about “comfort zones” and “leadership”, finding that a lot of people shared the same feeling with me and there are plenty of articles in this specific area. I’ve learned a lot from the literature review stage, and knew more about how the “comfort zones” formed and its impacts. Then I reflected to some real life experiences of myself, further understood the reason why I would like to stay in my comfort zones and the importance to step out to become a good leader. After the reflection, I came up a plan of how to develop myself in leadership, with the very first step to get of my comfort zones consciously. 3. Literature review of “comfort zones” in leadership development 4.1 Definition of “comfort zones” According to Alasdair K. White, the “comfort zone” is defined as a behavioral...
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...Institution] [Date] The Truman Doctrine Introduction The fall of the Soviet empire has presented various political and economic opportunities and threats to the world, for these reasons it’s considered one of the major events taking place since the Second World War. The Soviet fall besides various internal factors has been facilitated by US and Western counter parts to attempt to contain further Communism. The Truman doctrine was a US strategy to halt expansion of Soviet Union in the course of the Cold War. In this doctrine the then US President Harry S. Truman vowed to contain the spread of communism in the world particularly in Europe. This doctrine encouraged the US to back every country with both economic and military assistance if the Soviet Union or communism threats its stability. The aim of this paper is to review The Truman Doctrine was one of the significant historical approaches deployed between 1945 and 2008 that has had both negative and positive outcomes for the world. Historical Background In order to analyze the Truman doctrine and its different elements, it is necessary to consider the complex historical context in which it originated, and one that explains how a president such as Harry Truman, laid the foundations seated on the principles of the emerging American political realism after the Second World War (Bostdorff, 2008). The creation of international organizations like the UN itself and its Security Council, had brought hope back to the role, they were going...
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...American Propaganda and the Suppression of Dissent in World War I “May we never confuse honest dissent with disloyal subversion. “ – Dwight D. Eisenhower On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated. That event marked the first phase of World War I (Grayzel 10). Soon afterward nations throughout Europe announced declarations of war. By the end of October countries as far away as Japan, China and Brazil had become involved (Grayzel 11). Susan R. Grayzel in the “Introduction: The First World War and the Making of a Modern, Global Conflict” from The First World War: A Brief History with Documents”, explores a variety of contributing reasons for the Great War (Grayzel 9). The causes most often cited included the rise of nationalism, increased militarism, imperialism, and a willingness among the population to allow their governments to persecute a war (Grayzel 9-10). Ironically, it was a complicated series of competitive alliances and international peace agreements that caused such a rapid global escalation of hostilities (Grayzel 5). With its vast immigrant population, and their own ties to European and Asian interests, America was not immune to finding itself dragged into the war. Hence, during the first years of the war, President Woodrow Wilson struggled to maintain neutrality. So much so that he issued a declaration of neutrality to Congress on August 14, 1914. In his speech he entreated Americans to remember, “Every...
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...John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly known by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until he was assassinated in November 1963. After military service as commander of Motor Torpedo Boats PT-109 and PT-59 during World War II in the South Pacific, Kennedy represented Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat. Thereafter, he served in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated vice president and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election. At age 43, he was the youngest to have been elected to the office,[2][a] the second-youngest president (after Theodore Roosevelt), and the first person born in the 20th century to serve as president.[3] To date, Kennedy has been the only Roman Catholic president and the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize.[4] Events during his presidency included the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Space Race—by initiating Project Apollo (which would culminate in the moon landing), the building of the Berlin Wall, the African-American Civil Rights Movement, and increased U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested that afternoon and charged with the crime that night. Jack Ruby shot and killed Oswald two days later...
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...Leadership Practice University of Wales Trinity Saint David In partnership with College Of Technology London 4/28/2011 Peddireddy Upender Kumar CTL Student ID: 096941-87 UWTSD ID: 29002354/1 Term: 3 Group: 2 Module Code: SBMG5006. Lecturer: Dele Amusan. Table of Contents Introduction 3 Leadership 3 Teams 3 Temporary teams 4 Permanent teams 4 Stages Team Development 4 Theories of leadership 6 Leadership styles 7 Leadership skills and approaches 8 Leaders Role in Communication: 9 My contribution in group team event 10 Conclusion 11 References: 12 Introduction Leadership The leader is the encouragement and principal of the accomplishment. Leader who is the individual in the group that holds a position of understanding of behaviour and skills that makes others feel like to pursue his or her path. According to drucker (2007) ‘Leadership’ is distinct process of influencing, motivating and coaching group of people in an organized way towards goal accomplishment. Coaching is frequently linked with leadership, to be a successful leader, firstly leaders necessity is to know themselves with their own strengths and weakness, and people around them. Leaders should create a group of people who recognize leader’s objectives and participate to achieving them; leaders have to help each individual person of a team to perform their incredibly paramount. Every organisation will call for teamwork at some time or another,...
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...Oxford University Centre of the Study of Values in Education Volume X: The Fate of Empires: Education in a Consilient World Reprint: Chapter 6 POWER STRATEGIES FOR MIDDLE MANAGERS David P. Boyd Northeastern University & Timm L. Kainen University of Massachusetts Lowell Copyright 2005: Global Scholarly Publications. All rights reserved. POWER STRATEGIES FOR MIDDLE MANAGERS David P. Boyd & Timm L. Kainen Introduction Power is a difficult concept for many individuals in western democratic societies and free market economies. Its undertone of privilege and inequality can run counter to the core value of equal opportunity that defines those societies. Yet successful management of the social and economic order, as well as of the organizations within it, requires the use of power. Electoral processes bestow political power while educational and social processes develop access to corporate power. Though not without their failures, these processes confer a measure of political stability and economic equilibrium. However, in a globally diverse economy where organizations become more numerous, entrepreneurial and horizontal, the training time and developmental possibilities for middle managers prove less predictable. As markets and...
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...[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] INTRODUCTION Leadership is defined as the process of influencing an organized group towards accomplishing its goals.[1] We have learned that the leader is not exclusive in the leadership process. Researchers Fred Fiedler and Hollander recognized this and introduced the importance of the follower and the situation in the leadership process. Richard Branson is considered one of the most unorthodox business men of the 21st century. At the helm at the mega firm Virgin Group Ltd, Branson has defied conventional management and leadership wisdom. Through all his accomplishments, Branson’s amazing leadership skills cannot be mentioned in a vacuum. There is an interactional relationship between a leader, his or her followers and the situations in which they interact. This paper will analyze Branson as a leader. However, because his leadership success is not mutually exclusive, his followers and the important situations that define his career will be addressed. AN OVERVIEW OF BRANSON AND THE VIRGIN GROUP Biography Richard Charles Nicholas Branson is the son of a lawyer named Edward Branson and an airline stewardess named Eve Huntley-Flindt; born on July 18, 1950 in Surrey, England. At an early age he strived for more and this was due to “his parent’s upbringing, which taught him to stand on his own two feet”. His parents took extreme measures to encourage their children’s independence. At four years old Richard’s mother pushed him out...
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