...higher than in any other ancient civilization, the notion that a woman could be king was objectionable to the Egyptians, they went by the rule that only men could become pharaohs, never any females. Yet, a woman did become king and not just an ordinary king. She became the first great woman in recorded history; the ancestor of such figures as Cleopatra, Elizabeth I, and Catherine the Great. Her name was Hatshepsut and she ruled Egypt for 15 years until her dissapearance. There are many different theories as to how and why Hatshepsut became king, earned her success and gained power. Hatshepsut was born in the 18th Dynasty; the New Kingdom Egypt. Her father was Tuthmosis I and he ruled Egypt for approximately 12 to 14 years. Hatshepsut ruled Egypt between 1479-1458/57. She ruled in a time when women were allowed to own property and to hold official positions....
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...and mother of King Ahmose showed growing signs of power as many cults proclaimed dedication towards them. Shortly afterwards, the New Kingdom produced the “rarity” of a “ruling queen” (Freeman 64). Queen Hatshepsut was a great example of how formidable and influential a woman could be when serving in a position of power. Hatshepsut was the daughter of King Thutmose I and when her father died, she married her half-brother, King Thutmose II. When her husband died, his son Thutmose III (who was only a boy at the time), ruled the throne and Hatshepsut was accepted as co-regent. However, she quickly assumed absolute control over the Egyptian empire by “claiming that she was ruler by right as the heir of Thutmose I” (Freeman 64). Her rise to power defied the patriarchal views set in place by the men in power and set a new precedent for the roles women led. Hatshepsut is historically significant for a number of reasons. During the time in which she ruled, her reign was peaceful, successful, and stable because “for the first time in the New Kingdom a ruler had effective control over Middle Egypt” (Freeman 65). One of her greatest achievements was the campaign she led into the land of Punt which resulted in many exotic goods such as aromatic plants, cattle, and ebony. Hatshepsut commemorated this expedition in stone. It has since become a celebrated relief as well as a depiction of her power. Socially and politically, Hatshepsut’s reign can be considered controversial. Politically...
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...Queen Hatshepsut was one of the most powerful women in the ancient world, and remains a great role model to girls and young women 3000 years later. Even thought her life is shrouded in mystery, due to the fact that her stepson tried to remove all evidence of her once he became pharaoh, historians have found enough to learn about her life and how she died. Like most Pharaohs not much is known about Hatshepsut's childhood. However we do know that she was the eldest of two daughters born to Thutmose I and his queen and principal wife Queen Ahmose. At the age of 12 Queen Hatshepsut married her half brother King Thutmose II. This marriage was probably celebrated by a large feast with government officials and family there instead of a ceremony....
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...Hatshepsut the Queen who would be Pharaoh Flora Molski Professor H. Stansbury HUM111 Born into greatness, daughter of a king. Yet for all she had done so much of her life is still so unknown to us. How could this absolute ruler be all but erased from the annals of time? Was her Step son/nephew Thutmose III to blame? Did he have her killed after watching her usurp his thrown for over 20 years (Sayer, 2012)? Did he chose to further avenge himself by completely destroying any hope that she would enter the afterlife? Hatshepsut’s legacy remained a mystery until 1904 when one of three sarcophagi she had made was discovered empty by Howard Carter in the 20th Tomb in The valley of the kings (KV20) (Brown, C. 2009). The search continued for who this Pharaoh was, how did she die, and why did she chose to progressively alter her image to male. The Religion of Egypt at the time would not support a women ruler. Not outside of the confines of a regency until the “rightful” king reached maturity (Brown, C. 2009). So if she intended to rule, she would need the support of the priests and through them the people. This transformation may seem drastic and unstable to modern eyes but to myself I see the most impactful and original political spin job in all of history. Hatshepsut was a millennia ahead of her time. I will be brazen enough at lay at your feet my own theory, that her disappearance was not done to be malicious. But was done to protect her. Hatshepsut the only surviving...
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...Assess interpretations of Hatshepsut The female pharaoh, Hatshepsut, is arguably one of the most influential people of ancient Egypt. For thousands of years, the workings of Hatshepsut have been subject to multiple interpretations, from both her time and the modern day. An evaluation of the effectiveness of her reign can be resolved from the reliability and validity of evidence presented today, both primary and secondary. In one respect, Hatshepsut is viewed as the female pharaoh who had a particularly unsuccessful reign that was devoid of any real achievements. Historians writing in the 1970’s and 1980’s often made sexist and unfounded assumptions about Hatshepsut’s rule, including her apparent scheming to take the throne from the rightful heir, her inability to lead a military, and her untimely and unnatural death. Steindorff and Seele for example, describe Hatshepsut as a ‘high handed woman who kept her co-ruler on the sideline and thwarted his ambitions’. A suggestion like this however is challenged heavily by primary evidence and modern research. The idea that Hatshepsut’s relationship with Thutmose III wasn’t that of dictator and slave is shown through the acts of genuine respect she performed, such as not ‘getting rid’ of him when he was young as many other powerful figures would have, erecting monuments of both him and her, and also giving him control of the army. Historian Gardiner, similarly, emphasises Hatshepsut as ‘virile’ and ‘unable to achieve such power without...
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...Black women of antiquity were legendary for their beauty, power and lover affairs. Especially great were the Queens of Ethiopia; Queen of Sheba (960 B.C.) Queen Hatshepsut: Queen of Ancient Kemet Hatshepsut conquered on the role of King in the 18th dynasty (1504-1483 BCE). She was the daughter of Thutmose I and his wife Ahmose. She was the principal wife of her half-brother, Thutmose II. She bore her husband a daughter but no surviving son. When Thutmose II died young, the title of King was intertied by son of one of his secondary wives- Thutmose III. At the time, Thutmose III was very young at the time and couldn’t fully rule. Hatshepsut half-brother, Thutmose II, took successor to the throne. Hatshepsut asserted in her propaganda that her father pronounced her to be the heir. Before Thutmose II...
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...Thutmose III was bold and brilliant on the battlefield as well in life. Because of Thutmose III Egypt prospers, without him we would be lost. Egypt has been restored to the proper prestige and achievement it has been known to have in the past. On the verge of extinction, Egypt was slowly slipping out of existence but that is no longer. Revered as being kind to the places he captured Thutmose III displayed humility and compassion to everyone and understood what it meant to truly rule an empire. Thutmose had to wait 20 years after he was able to rule in order to rule. His mother, Hatshepsut, claimed the throne when Thutmose III was of age to rule and Thutmose did nothing. Not until his mother died 20 years later did he begin to rule....
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...dynasty have used propaganda to make themselves seem more powerful. In this essay, propaganda in the 18th dynasty, the ways the propaganda was expressed, and how it manipulated people will be discussed, using historical sculptures,...
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...soil Hieroglyphics- Egyptian form of writing Mesopotamia- It’s the area of the Tigris-Euphrates Monotheistic- Belief of only one god Mummification- How Egyptians prepared the body before burial. Papyrus- Ancient Egyptian paper Pharaoh- Egyptian king Polytheistic- Belief of more than one god Rosetta Stone- A stone with writing on it in two different languages Sabbath- A religious day for jews Theocracy- A government of three Torah- A book of religious laws for jews Ziggurat- Rectangular stepped tower Important People: Cyrus the Great- The first Assyrian king Darius the third king of persia David king of Isreal Hammurabi the sixth Amorite king Hatshepsut the fifth pharaoh of eygpt Nebuchadnezzar Assyrian king Ramses II the third pharaoh Sargon akkadian emperor Solomon the king of Israel and son of david Thurmose III the third pharaoh of the 18th dynasty Tutankhamen pharaoh of the 18th dynasty Zoroaster the founder of zorastrianism Concepts you will need to know for this test are: 1.) Who was the first civilization to settle in the Fertile Crescent? Mesopotamia 2.) Why was Mesopotamia called, “land between the rivers”? What rivers? The tigris and Euphrates and it was literally between two rivers 3.) Why did people depend on the rivers? For crops 4.) Sumerians were what kind of religion? What does this mean? Polytheism and it means to believe in more than one...
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...fifty-three year, ten month and twenty six day reign in a co-regency with step-mother Hatshepsut during the New Kingdom 18th dynasty. Thutmose carried out seventeen successful military campaigns over his ruling and was the most successful and tactical military strategist through his implementation of surprise attacks, belief of the Gods supporting him, tributes and oaths, the sharing of booty and the building of a strong navy and army. Dubbed with the title of “The Egyptian Napoleon” shown in the source The Great Commanders Of The Egyptian World, Thutmose demonstrated the ability to command the Ancient Egyptian world and dominate surrounding cities and countries. Thutose was an incredibly skilled warrior whose name was associated with the status of hero long after his ruling in Egypt. Thutmose III came from a dynasty of great and powerful military strategists which laid the underpinning for him to be a powerful “Warrior Pharaoh”. Thutmose III built on the foundations his grandfather Thutmose I laid out after obtaining his commencing his reign in early childhood. At the start of Thutmose III’s sovereignty, where Hatshepsut took full control and Egyptians experienced stability, peace and prosperity. The Egyptian army was on standby, fully equipped and ready to go when called for Thutmose’s first expedition in to Nubia and Asia at age 11. From this time the reign was a complete partnership with the Hatshepsut and the young Thutmose developing tactics, strategizing, making decisions and...
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...Discoveries—from the enormous burial tomb called KV5 to the sacred temples of Karnak—show how ancient Egyptians lived, worked, worshipped, and honored their dead. To provide a deeper understanding of Egypt’s past, head archaeologist Dr. Kent Weeks, along with other Egyptologists, leads viewers into ancient temples and tombs—including the resting place of Pharaoh Ramesses II’s lost children—some recorded on film for the first time. Epic in scope, Egypt Beyond the Pyramids demonstrates that as archaeologists uncover more about the past, their discoveries yield more questions than answers. Curriculum Links Egypt Beyond the Pyramids is appropriate for middle and high school classes in world history, ancient history, and art history. National History Standards Egypt Beyond the Pyramids fulfills the following National Standards for History: Historical Thinking 1 (Chronological Thinking), 2 (Historical Comprehension), 3 (Historical Analysis and Interpretation), 4 (Historical Research Capabilities), World History, Era 2. EGYPT BEYOND THE PYRAMIDS THE HISTORY CHANNEL CLASSROOM PRESENTS EGYPT HOUR 1: MANSIONS OF THE SPIRITS Egypt Beyond the Pyramids: Mansions of the Spirits takes the viewer on an exploration of the magnificent temple of Karnak, home to the Egyptian god Amun; the wonderfully preserved temple of Seti I, dedicated to the cult of Osiris; and the colossal mortuary temples of Queen Hatshepsut and the Ramesseum. The New Kingdom temples originally functioned as the dwelling places...
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...the concubines of Emperor Taizong; she was the empress of Emperor Gaozong; she was the mother of Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Ruizong; she was once a nun in the temple. But her most glorious title was that she was the only female emperor in Chinese history who actually ruled the whole country for almost half a century. How Cleopatra and Empress Wu Zetian gained their power Most nations of note have had at least one great female leader. Not the United States of course, but one thinks readily enough of Hatshepsut of ancient Egypt, Russia’s astonishing Catherine the Great, or Trung Trac of Vietnam. These women were rarely chosen by their people. They came to power, mostly, by default or stealth; a king had no sons, or an intelligent queen usurped the powers of her useless husband. However, they rose, though, it has always been harder for a woman to rule effectively than it was for a man-more so in the earlier periods of history, when monarchs were first and foremost military leaders, and power was often seized by force. So queens and empresses were forced to rule like men, and yet roundly criticized they did so. Of all female rulers, though none has aroused so much controversy, or wielded such great power, as a monarch whose real achievements and character remained obscured behind layers of obloquy. Her...
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...The Spartans also took part in the practice of freedom and independence involving women. However they commenced by taking it a step further, this was acknowledged in an article from, an informative historical database, Spartan women states, "While the job of a Spartan man was to become a good soldier, the job of a woman was to produce good soldiers… [According to the] founder of Sparta's constitution, Lycurgus…[stated] that for women to bear strong children... [They] were to be educated and engage in vigorous athletic training just as men did, and those strong women [that could endure] would then bear strong children". As adults, women were, also free to control property and be creative as well as continue to share the same beliefs as their society to become stronger warriors. The whole purpose of Spartan society and culture was that the youth were strong, which would lead to a strong nation in return. Spartan children were drastically different from neighboring Greek city-states and themselves. The boys went to military school and learned training techniques, whereas the girls received the same training along with an impressive educational background of poetry, art, singing, mythology, and philosophy. The experiences they encountered as independent women made them the anomaly...
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...Zeph Geyer Ancient World History Rough Draft 11/8/2014 In most civilizations in the ancient world, there were vast differences between the lives of men and women. For example, women could not serve in the Roman Senate, own property in ancient Greece, or ask for divorce. All of these rules existed while men had the ability to do all of these things. The life of a woman in the ancient world was in no way equal to men in most societies. The Egyptians believed that joy and happiness were of the utmost importance in life, and regarded the home and family as a major source of happiness. This meant that the Egyptian’s thought better of women who did not work, and took care of the home and family. All other ancient civilizations had one thing in common. Mesopotamia, Rome, Greece, and Israel were all surrounded by other sets of people. This meant that these other civilizations had to be warlike societies, and this meant women would have less of a role because men believed women could not fight as well in battle. Egypt developed under unique circumstances. The Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea separated the Egyptians from everyone else in the ancient world. In other words, the Egyptians did not have a warlike society because training like that was unnecessary. Since there was no need for a warlike society in Egypt, women had a more established role in society. Women’s rights in Egypt were more equal to men than other civilizations because of the unique circumstances under which...
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...Chapter 1 Who were the first known humans and which time periods/territories did they cover? The earliest human-like creatures were known as hominids and lived in Africa about three or four million years ago. They were known as “southern ape-men”, having flourished in eastern and southern Africa. The Australopithecines were the first hominids that made simple stone tools to hunt or defend themselves, existing about two to four million years ago. These early human-like creatures were bipedal, meaning they walked upright on two legs, enabling them to make journeys on foot. In 1959, a new form of hominid was discovered in Africa labeled the Homo habilis or “handy human”. These hominids were believed to have a brain fifty percent larger than that of the Australopithecines. This allowed them to become more sophisticated in finding food and hunting in Africa. The emergence of the Homo Erectus began about 1.5 million years ago. The Homo Erectus were the first hominid to migrate to Europe and Asia from Africa. Describe the...
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