...Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Wine Manufacturing Industry and External Environment 2 2.1 Wine Manufacturing Industry 2 2.2 External Environment 6 3. Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 10 3.1 Threat of New Entrants 11 3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers 12 3.3 Threat of Substitutes 14 3.4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 16 3.5 Rivalry within the Competitive Arena 17 4. Conclusion 19 Reference 21 1. Introduction Captain Arthur Phillip brought grape vines from Brazil and the Cape of Good Hope to Australia when his fleet arrived in Botany Bay, located in Sydney, in 1788, according to Wine Australian which is one department of Australian government. Since that Australia had made a history of producing and exporting wine. In 1854, a barrel of fortified wine was exported to London, which is the first reported Australian wine export (Wine Australia, 2012). Subsequently, Australian exports in wine have boosted at an extraordinary rate especially in recent years, reaching the record level in 2007. Today, Wine Australian also point out that Australia is the fourth largest wine exporter in the world, constituting about 4% of total world wine production, and export over 800 million liters to international wine market and as a result, it produces a contribution of around A$3 billion per year to Australian economy. Australian wine exports to more than 100 countries; mainly two biggest markets are United Kingdom and United State. Besides, there are other significant markets...
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...------------------------------------------------- bs:327 Financial STATEMENT Valuatioin & analysis Stage I: Industry and Media Analysis August 21, 2014 MONTY hICKS 20110738 August 21, 2014 MONTY hICKS 20110738 Introduction The Australia retail sector is under huge pressures from many different forces. In the recent Lander & Rogers Briefing, Myer CEO Bernie Brooks referred to the current environment as ‘the third big revolution of the past 100 years’ for retail. This analysis will look at recent opinions and commentary on the Australian retail sector, with a focus on the potential consequences for the economic future for Myer. These commentaries will assist in highlighting the forces that are in play within the sector and elucidate the position of Myer within the current industry. The analysis will finish with a brief discussion of the key issues that face Myers level of profitability going into the future Media Analysis Australian Retailers Get Serious About Online Shopping The Sydney Morning Herald, March 22 2014 This article colossally brings to light the biggest single force that faces retail in today’s technology driven environment. It starts by bringing the reality of the effects of online shopping on retail in a very revealing manner. It tells the story of a member of the audience looking over a model ridden catwalk at the Melbourne Fashion Show, while witnessing the latest fashions being introduced into the market. The normal sequence of events for her is to visit...
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...Globalisation can be described as the intertwining processes of the world. It is not only an economic process, which involves rising communication and integration of all countries’ economies through the growth in international trade and investment, but also the rapid cultural, social, technological and industrial exchange between nations (IYP, 2002, p. 11). Globalisation presents significant opportunities, as well as many challenges, for business around the globe. Many companies are currently making the decision to move production offshore to lower expenditure and increase profits. However, there are numerous environmental challenges, as well as ethical dilemmas involved with outsourcing. Throughout this essay I will show how globalisation is connected with the present issue of New Zealand’s ‘Fisher & Paykel’ (F&P) Brisbane plant outsourcing manufacturing of their whitegoods to Thailand. Shown by exploring the reasons and challenges involved both in the business environment and ethical arena. Such ethical issues under scrutiny at present are the loss of Australian jobs and the replacement of low wage employment offshore. After the analysis of various sources of information, it will be clear that the move by Fisher & Paykel, to commence production offshore, is in fact beneficial to the Australian economy. Globalisation is not a new process, but rather the result of human modernisation and advancement, and, industrial and technological development. Although the term ‘globalisation’...
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...surprisingly however is the limited extent to which the global financial crisis had impacted on Australian productivity and economic growth. The significance of this can be shown through analysing the GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power parity. Graph 1 [pic] Graph 2 [pic] Graphs 1 and 2 highlight the growth trend in GDP per capital from the years 1998 to 2009. Note that New Zealand’s GDP per capita is overall lower than Australia but this is not the point of interest. What is to be highlighted is that Australia’s trend of growth continues to increase, however New Zealand’s trend declines slightly in the year 2009 which reflects the policy implemented and the time lag it took for the global financial crisis to affect GDP per capita. Graph 3 [pic] To further reinforce Australia’s position is the Canadian trend which shows a reduction of GDP per capita during 2008, and as confidence in the economy picks up, the GDP per capita for 2009 is much more positive. As shown through the graphs, Australia is in a relatively stable position in terms of GDP per capita as compared to other developed nations, with no fluctuations and only a steady increase in growth reflecting the successful macroeconomic policies which promote consumption and consumer confidence in the economy. Although successful policies implemented by the Government and the RBA may have dampened the effects of the global financial crisis and allowed our GDP per capita to stay strong and continually...
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...2010 Assessment Report 2010 Economics GA 3: Examination GENERAL COMMENTS This was the first year of the new VCE Economics Study Design 2010–2014. It was evident that students found Section A of the 2010 Economics examination more challenging than in recent years. The quality of written answers in Section B was generally good and the majority of students attempted all question parts. It is commendable that students had prepared well and kept abreast of current developments in the Australian economy, and thus gave themselves the best chance to score high marks on the examination. Students responded confidently to a number of questions that related to the current context, such as Section B, Questions 1d., 3b., 4a., 4b., 4c. and 4d. Students need to improve their understanding of key economic concepts and terms such as ‘scarcity’ (multiple-choice Question 3), ‘real’, ‘nominal and money terms’ (multiple-choice Question 11), ‘relative prices’, ‘production’ and ‘productivity’, and ‘personal disposable income’. There was also evidence of the need for students to engage more with the new aspects of the study such as living standards (multiple-choice Question 6) and price elasticities (multiple-choice Question 8) in order to maximise their performance. Students should practise their key skills, in particular the interpretation and analysis of statistical and graphical data, so that they are better prepared to answer questions which require this interpretation and...
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...Name: Pradeep Essay: “The Australian government has been running with too large a fiscal deficit during the past 4 years particularly in light of their projections for the Australian economy which were made when the first stimulus package was announced in 2008". Discuss this assertion and the consequences of this fiscal deficit on economic activity during the past 4 years. What are the implications of your analysis for Australia's fiscal policy during the next 3 years? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Global Financial Crisis (GFC) evolved from its origin in subprime mortgage crisis of United States and affected almost every country in the world. Australia entered into GFC with a strong position, as compared to the other OECD countries. Australian government implemented stimulus packages in order to deal with the situation. This reports looks at the consequences of the fiscal deficit on economic activity and its implications for Australia’s fiscal policy. Its direct impact on Australia was small – mostly increases in bank borrowing costs The case for fiscal stimulus was based on Keynesian model, which proposes a short term government spending to stimulate the economy during the recessionary period. However, Basic Keynesian model assumes that the exchange rate is fixed. The analysis shows that significant contributor for GDP (expenditure) was net exports over that period, not the consumption. This increase in demand was due to the depreciated Australian dollar and the strong demand...
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...marketing environment can be defined as: the actors and forces external to the marketing management function of the firm that impinge on the marketing management's ability to develop and maintain successful transactions with its customers (Kotler, 1997). Virtually all introductory textbooks in marketing reserve a section for an analysis of the macro environment (McCarthy, 1996). Thus, we aim to analyse the relevant macro environment for Smart Wash Company, so that we plan our marketing strategy and target the market in 2008. External environment The macro environment is generally categorized into demographic, political/legal, economic, cultural, technological and natural environments. The basic tenet is that what happens in the broader environment has significant implications for organizational functions (Mavondo, 1999). For example, McKee et al. (1989) found environmental turbulence to have a significant impact on marketing variables. The macro environment introduces a degree of homogeneity in a given industry through similarities in regulatory pressures, strategic alliances, human capital transfers, social and professional relationships and competency blueprints (Oliver, 1997). Environmental variation has been shown to impact on strategy (Hrebiniak & Joyce, 1985) and to affect organizational structure (Miles & Snow, 1978). 1. Demographic Environment 1.1 Population Status - The Australian population grew by 1.5% during the 12 months ended 30...
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...2014 TOPIC PAPERS NO. 1 TITLE Inflation PAGE 3 2 External Stability 5 3 Unemployment 7 4 Labour Markets 9 5 Financial Markets 11 6 Economic Growth 13 7 Ecologically Sustainable Development 15 8 Globalisation 17 9 Income Distribution 19 10 Developing Economies 21 Produced by “Plain English Economics Pty Ltd” PO Box 522 Jannali NSW 2226 Email: plain.english@bigpond.com Disclaimer: While every attempt is made to ensure the accuracy of information contained in this publication, no liability is held by the producers as a result of any use of the contents of this document. Topic one: Inflation Inflation (%pa) 5% Inflation remains within target 4% There has been some volatility in the actual official or “headline rate” of inflation over the past 3 years. There was a spike in inflation in mid 2011, when the CPI hit 3.5%.This primarily reflected higher food prices as floods around the country and the North Queensland cyclone in early 2011 caused supply shortages of several fruits and vegetables. Over the course of 2012 there was a reversal of this effect, as food supply levels normalised and prices fell as a result. The CPI hit a low of 1.2% in mid 2012. Since then, the headline CPI growth rate has generally been on an upward trend. At 2.9%, the March 2014 CPI is at the upper end of the Reserve Bank target range. Growth Rate % Consumer Price Index March ...
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...Australian trade unions prospered for much of the last century but have suffered membership decline since the late 1970s (Spooner, Innes, Mortimer 2001). Australian Union membership has declined in Australia, as it has in many other economies, over recent years. The decline in Australian Union membership can be attributed more so to local factors such as legislative change, the changing composition of employment and Australians changing attitude toward Unions, rather than that of global factors such as the shift from manufacturing to services and technological change. To aid understanding in the falling of union numbers, it is important to become familiar with unions, be aware of who they are and what their fundamental purpose is. This paper aims to show that a focus needs to be on the micro rather than the macro, that is, issues in Australia rather than global issues to identify what is causing falling union numbers in Australia and outline what can be done to halt the decline of their numbers. The primary objective of a Union is to improve the wellbeing of it members. Unions are, first and foremost, an agency and a medium of power, with their central purpose being to permit workers to exert, collectively, the control over their conditions of employment, which they cannot hope to do as individuals (Hyman 1975). Individuals initially joined unions for different and varying reasons, however there are three reasons that dominate; dissatisfaction with economic aspects of the...
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...business strategy gives Qantas Group its quite unique and competitive advantage situation of having two well known companies in the superior and low fares segments at the Domestic and International markets (Qantas Annual Report, 2013). The demographics of Australia is taking optimistic atmosphere within the business with the increase of Generation Y and retiring Baby boomers. Schedules become more significant over service quality in current constantly changing business environment around the world. Also, with the rise of ecological concern, consumers are searching for eco-friendly transport methods. However, as the companies are finding methods to solve problems in a market that is facing growing pressure from economy and rivals, the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) is making sure that safety is not compromised. Although there are some issues for economic recession of several countries in Europe, economists are expecting sharp improvement at the end of this difficult period. The development of...
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...OECD country. IPE and Globalisation In order to explain globalisation in the context of International Political Economy (IPE), I will begin by discussing the frameworks that IPE uses to describe the social constructs upon which human society is based. This discussion will then extend to issues pertinent to the essay question, including the concepts of globalisation, the nation state, authority and sovereignty, and the extent to which a nation state’s participation in a globally interdependent system influences that nation state’s authority. IPE connotes a multidisciplinary method of enquiry to explain the ever-changing relationships between states, markets and societies across history and in different geographical areas. IPE includes a political dimension that accounts for the use of power by a variety of actors including individuals, domestic groups, states, international organisations, NGO’s, and transnational corporations. IPE also involves an economic dimension that deals with how scarce resources are distributed among individuals, groups and nation-states. (Ballam and Dillman, 2011, p7) To place globalisation within the context of IPE, one must view the concept in terms of the causes and effects of the world market economy, the relationship between 2 economic and political change, and the significance of the world economy for domestic economies (Gilpin, 2003, pp 13-14). Globalisation is a multifaceted concept, and as such, is difficult to precisely define...
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...viewpoint in his 2010 article on “Australians should fear the rise of China”. The validity of his arguments can be assessed, but, ultimately, a more satisfactory argument can be formulated in refuting his realist perspective; neo-liberal theories, drawn from liberal scholars such as Joseph Nye, uphold the counter argument that Australians should not fear the rise of China. China has already surpassed the United States as the world’s largest economy, and it will undoubtedly continue to grow and develop; estimates suggest that even if economic growth slows down, China is still likely to develop a high-income economy before 2030 (The World Bank 2013). As a result of its growing economic strength, China has...
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...from the aviation industry) – worth 50 marks All three sections will require you to draw on your knowledge in relation to the main themes taught throughout the semester. SECTION A NOTES 2. CSR & SUSTAINABILITY * Business’s are a key player in society change agents (force for good or evil) * Changing nature of society has brought with it changing attidutes * The role of business in society (GFC) * Responsibility to society and the environment (climate, resources, CSR & S) * Corporate Social Responsibility Continuum * CSR Reluctance * CSR Grasp * CSR Embedment (integrate social objectives w/ bus goals; balance social & eco profits) * Definition of CSR * Notion that corporations have a obligation to society to take into account not just their economic impact, but also their social and environmental impact * Five dimensions of CSR * Environmental, Social, Economic, Stakeholders, Voluntariness (ESESV) * Align with triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social goals. * The Challenge * Energy industry has allowed economic progress, provides power, heat, light and is the oxygen of the economy. * However people also see energy industry as exploiting natural resources/harmful to environment * Global oil demand for OECD countries currently above 40million barrels per day, whilst non-OECD countries under 40 million. However 2015 non-OECD countries will take...
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...Highlights of IFRS Research By CYNTHIA BOLT-LEE, CPA and L. MURPHY SMITH, CPA, DBA NOVEMBER 2009 Conversion from U.S. GAAP to IFRS is a heavily discussed topic in the corporate world. Expected benefits of adoption include reporting consistency, enhanced global competition and improved financial reporting transparency. While many countries worldwide have already adopted IFRS, many other countries are closely examining its effects before adoption, not only from an economic perspective but also from a reporting quality position. COMPARING RESULTS Researchers Elaine Henry, Stephen Lin and Ya-Wen Yang evaluated the difference between financial results under U.S. GAAP compared to IFRS. Their results show that convergence between U.S. GAAP and IFRS is occurring. Using 2004 to 2006 reconciliation disclosures, the authors found that the calculated difference between shareholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP and under IFRS declined from 2004 to 2006. In addition, the difference between U.S. GAAP and IFRS reported net income during this period also declined but remained significantly different. Pensions and goodwill appeared to be the dominant reconciliation items. Reconciliation amounts varied by industry and country, raising questions about consistency between region and industry. Additionally, more than 70% of the companies examined in 2004 through 2006 had a higher return on equity under IFRS compared to U.S. GAAP. The 2007 SEC elimination of the IFRS-to-U.S. GAAP reconciliation...
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...2011 Company Valuation Report 1|Page Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 5 2. INTRODUCTION TO TRANSURBAN GROUP ................................................................... 9 2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................ 9 2.2 History .................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3 Share Price Performance ...................................................................................................... 12 2.4 Products and Services ........................................................................................................... 14 2.5 Toll Roads ............................................................................................................................ 15 2.5.1 CityLink ......................................................................................................................... 15 2.5.2 M2 Hills ......................................................................................................................... 15 2.5.3 Lane Cove Tunnel .......................................................................................................... 15 2.5.4 M1 Eastern Distributor ...........................................................
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