...This essay will go into detail how through 1348 to roughly 1750 the environment affected humans. Though humans did affect the environment the environment affected humans on a larger scale. In this essay, I will be using Cortes on Tenochtitlan, Leo Africanus, and The Liberation of Constantinople as sources. These sources will be used in order to support the reasoning for the environment affecting humans on a large scale. Before I get into my paper I am going to define the environment that I will be using, that being environment as in the surrounding conditions such as weather and geography. I will start with the quote from Cortes, “This strait is a bow-shot wide, and connects the two lakes; and by this means a trade is carried on between the cities and there settlements on the lakes in canoes without the necessity of traveling by land” (Cortes, 1). As we have read throughout the course so far trade is very important to civilizations. The environment that is previously stated affected humans because it allowed them to make trade between cities and settlements. This is very important because at those times trade is crucial if you are not able to make or grow all the supplies you need,...
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...Mental illness is a worldwide epidemic that affects one in five people around the world (News). Ask anyone and they most likely know someone with a mental illness or struggle with one themselves. The prevalence of these conditions is shocking and continues to rise on a daily basis. While researching this topic, one question stuck out the most: What is the main cause of mental illness? Scientists typically all agree that there is not one solution to this question, seeing as the topic at hand is a complex combination of factors. Everyone's brain is unique and handles situations differently, meaning that finding one cause for mental illness is a difficult search. Although there is not one cause for these conditions, we can reduce the options down...
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...Relationship between Stress, Anxiety, Habits and Phobias and Describe How You Would Treat these Issues with Hypnotherapy | | | | | | | | Discuss the Relationship between Stress, Anxiety, Habits and Phobias and Describe How You Would Treat these Issues with Hypnotherapy In this essay I shall seek to define stress, anxiety, habits and phobias. I shall explore their individual attributes and symptoms and how they may be related. I will also explain methods of treatment for such neurotic conditions, as I have seen fit and the ethical issues that I believe would need to be considered. Stress and anxiety are often coined together, almost into one phrase; where there is one, you will find the other. However there is a distinction between the two and as a therapist it is crucial that one is aware of this. Stress is a response to an external stimulant, resulting in feelings of frustration, anger and/or indeed, anxiety. Stress is in fact a biological reaction to outside pressures. These pressures can vary from work, family, or social changes, to simple changes in one’s environment, to major life changes. All these situations stimulate the age old “fight or flight” response, thereby pumping the body with adrenaline and heightening the senses in preparation to respond. Of course this is not such a negative reaction, indeed in evolutionary terms it would have been this very reaction that has allowed the human race to continue to exist and flourish, however, there is a...
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...On Attaining the Epicurean Ataraxia Being viewed as the key to authentic happiness in Epicurean philosophy, ataraxia is the tranquil state of mind freed from any pain, fear and disturbances that gives rise to our katastematic(still) pleasures. In particular, this essay will argue that the Epicurean ataraxia could be achieved by fearlessness, self-sufficiency and living a private life with friends. Each of the three points of my thesis will structure as an individual section, containing within the main arguments followed by criticisms and rebuttal. I. Fearlessness The elimination of fear and mental uncertainty is crucial to attaining the peace of mind. As Hibler has stated, Epicurus "narrow[s] inquiry to things people need answers for questions that cause them fear"; in fact,...
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...Word Count: 2168 Discuss the Relationship between Stress, Anxiety, Habits and Phobias and Describe How You Would Treat these Issues with Hypnotherapy. In this essay I shall seek to define stress, anxiety, habits and phobias. I shall explore their individual attributes and symptoms and how they may be related. I will also explain methods of treatment for such neurotic conditions, as I have seen fit and the ethical issues that I believe would need to be considered. Stress and anxiety are often coined together, almost into one phrase; where there is one, you will find the other. However there is a distinction between them and as a therapist it is crucial that one is aware of this. Stress is a response to an external stimulant, resulting in feelings of frustration, anger and/or anxiety. Stress is in fact a biological reaction to outside pressures that can vary from work, family, or social changes, to simple changes in one’s environment, to major life changes. All these situations stimulate the age old “fight or flight” response, pumping the body with adrenaline and heightening the senses in preparation to respond. Of course this is not always a negative reaction, in evolutionary terms it would have been this reaction that has allowed the human race to continue to exist and flourish, however, there is a point at which this ceases to be healthy and begins to have negative consequences. As a result, stress is categorised into six varieties, varying in the severity of their implication...
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...He believed human nature was unchanged, as human beings were motivated by fear, pride and interest, they will seek to expand their wealth until others, who are driven by similar desires, attempt to stop them. The Melian Dialogue, which dramatizes the dialogues regarding the negotiations amid the ambassadors of the Athenian (the invaders) and Melians (rulers), demonstrates this explicitly. The Athenians demanded their surrender, and entice said that if the tributes were not paid and they did not submit, their only other option was to be destroyed. The Athenians first attempt to entice to the Melians' sense of logic, stating the overpowering odds, while the Melians plea to the Athenians' fear of gods and sense of decency. In the Melian dialogue the Athenians say: “Nature always compels gods (we believe) and men (we are certain) to rule over anyone they can control” when confronted about how the gods would look to them, as they believed the gods “should be as much on (their) side as (Melians). Neither (their) principles nor (their) actions are contrary to what men believe about gods, or would want for themselves” (Thucydides v. 105, pg. 106). The Athens saw the notion of ruling wherever one can...
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...SAMPLE ESSAY The essay which follows is not perfect! It was, however judged to be an excellent essay and was given a mark of 74%. It is presented here as an example of first class work. The mark reflects some weakness in content particularly in the second part of the question. The essay was also well over-length (4650 words for a 3500-4000 word essay.) N.B. word count does not include abstract or bibliography. The mark sheet is attached at the end. Please note that this has been amended for academic year 2003-2004. The occasional citation errors are pointed out but were not penalised. It is a well presented essay, with a clear structure. Points are well supported from the literature and there is some critical discussion of what the student has read. The essay showed evidence of very wide reading (nearly 40 items in the bibliography) but the writer could have achieved the same mark with a lot less. There was a heavy reliance on some basic reading list material in places that did not do justice to the amount of independent research. There are marginal comments throughout the essay. Passages referred to are marked in red. 1 "As new strategies are implemented in any organisation, tension and conflicts are likely to arise ... such conflicts must be confronted, no matter how uncomfortable it may feel to operate in such a situation. " Discuss in relation to LIS organisations and examine the management strategies which attempt to confront the problem of conflict. Note how...
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...SAMPLE ESSAY The essay which follows is not perfect! It was, however judged to be an excellent essay and was given a mark of 74%. It is presented here as an example of first class work. The mark reflects some weakness in content particularly in the second part of the question. The essay was also well over-length (4650 words for a 3500-4000 word essay.) N.B. word count does not include abstract or bibliography. The mark sheet is attached at the end. Please note that this has been amended for academic year 2003-2004. The occasional citation errors are pointed out but were not penalised. It is a well presented essay, with a clear structure. Points are well supported from the literature and there is some critical discussion of what the student has read. The essay showed evidence of very wide reading (nearly 40 items in the bibliography) but the writer could have achieved the same mark with a lot less. There was a heavy reliance on some basic reading list material in places that did not do justice to the amount of independent research. There are marginal comments throughout the essay. Passages referred to are marked in red. 1 "As new strategies are implemented in any organisation, tension and conflicts are likely to arise ... such conflicts must be confronted, no matter how uncomfortable it may feel to operate in such a situation. " Discuss in relation to LIS organisations and examine the management strategies which attempt to confront the problem of conflict. Note how...
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...Bentham’s Utilitarianism philosophy, Mill’s theory in On Liberty emphasized more around the value of individuality, equality and liberty (Donner, 1991; Skorupski, 1998). All three elements focused on by Mill, are closely connected in democratic society, Mill’s major fear was the emergence of dictatorship based on majoritarian and conformist behavior within a society (Skorupski, 2006). This essay will focus on examining Mill’s liberal ideas within On Liberty, his concept on the limitation of government’s authority, and will also suggest possible conditions where Mill’s ideas may apply in modern society. Liberty and authority are two factors that are constantly conflict. Liberty could not only mean the working of self-government and individuality, but also mean the right of freedom. Similarly, if a democratic society is lack of individuality; it could means the lack of freedom as well as the lack of what makes human. On the contrary, Skorupski (2006: p40) pointed out: “liberty meant ‘protection against the tyranny of political rulers’.” Indeed, limiting state’s authority could means preserving individuals’ rights, yet, at the same time society must give government enough power in order to protect its citizens. Mill’s essay On Liberty, explained the concept of a state’s legitimacy interference with liberty. To clarify, legitimacy is not considered as power, while a state always has the power to interfere with individuals’ life. Hence, the ultimate question that Mill wants to define...
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...Global warming has now become a very captivating breathtaking topic to all human ears although the more it is talked about; the less is done to prevent it from happening .It has been described as the greatest threat facing humanity. Many agree that the earth is warming, but they are uncertain of both the causes and consequences. Nonetheless, it cannot be wholly avoided but it can be lessened by taking diverse measures. This essence of this essay is to describe what global warming is, firstly by pin pointing different definitions of global warming, articulating its causes and effects and further analyze measures to curb global warming. Secondly the essay will demonstrate further on how the knowledge of demography contributes to the understanding of global warming by giving relevant examples across the globe. Finally, the essay will draw a conclusion depending on the context. Global warming is the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by the greenhouse effect. Kapargam, (1999:218); defined global warming as the condition that is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere that causes a slow but sustained increase in the global average temperature over a long period of time. According to www.WeatherQuestions.com; global warming is the gradual warming of global-average temperatures due to the slowly increasing concentrations of man-made atmospheric greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide. But global warming can alternatively refer to...
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...problems and less human natures. Are humans, animals, plants going to be experimented to become something there not? More thoughtful concerns revealed fears about harm to the children who may be created in this manner, particularly psychological harm associated with a possibly diminished sense of individuality and personal autonomy. (Robin McKie) Scientist should not change the basics of DNA in animals, humans, and plants. Cloning is very unethical. It would be violating the human rights in many ways. Cloning also reduces human dignity. Switching up DNA would change so much to the victim and how it reacts is uncertain. The unique and distinctive ethical issues raised by the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer to create children relate to serious safety concerns and to a set of questions about what it means to be human.(Khan Academy) Since cloning can be very complicated some serious issues can be made. Adding DNA to create clones of humans,...
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...Academic reflective essay The essay will focus on the patient involved in the given case study named as Mrs. S. In addition, the essay will give a relevant and brief history of the patient. It will also define the term ‘bio-psycho-social’ and its relevance to holistic care. For the point of discussion, the essay will focus on the management of care for patient with gastrointestinal illness resulting in stoma operation and will discuss the biopsychosocial factors affecting the patient and how this changes ‘normal’ biology, psychology and sociology. The individual chosen to focus on is named as Mrs. S. The patient involved in this case study Mrs. S. is a 48 years old lady who works in school as a teacher. She lives with her husband, Mr. S, in a small town. Her husband works as a builder, which has long working hours, leaving him not much time to look after their children. They have two girls and they are aged 12 and 10. They are a loving family. Mrs. S looks after the children, takes them to school and pick them up. Mrs. S is a very active lady with a very active social life, she likes to meet up with her friends during the weekend; she swims four days a week with her children, and she balances her time with family and her job. She is suffering from mild hypertension, drinks minimal amount of alcohol during the weekends and smokes 5-10 cigarettes a day. The term ‘bio-psycho-social’ refers to the relationship amongst biological, psychological and social characteristics of an...
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...Most human beings may already be experiencing disorders which is currently unknown to them. The two common disorders known is anxiety and panic disorder. Anxiety is a response to a situation, object, or person that the individual has come to fear through learning and experience (Doctor and Kahn, 1899). According to Hatloy (2012), anxiety is something learned in life due to the fact that probably one’s family may have had a tendency to see the world as antagonistic and unsafe and one figured out how to react in the same way. He also stated that some theories have suggested that one may inherit a tendency to be more anxious, and so it is a part of one’s personality. Panic disorder, on the other hand, is an abrupt surge of anxiety with a feeling...
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...In the essay “Organ Sales Will Save Lives”, Joanna MacKay argues that the sale of human organs should not be banned, but instead, regulated. The author started her argument by noting, “There are thousands of people dying to buy a kidney and thousands of people dying to sell a kidney” (McKay). Her stance in noting how many lives are lost because of this problem made a strong starting point in her argument. Joanna MacKay’s extraordinary arguments impacted my viewpoints regarding this problem and convinced me to side with her. The regulation of human organs in the United States should be considered. “About 350,000 Americans suffer from end-stage renal disease, a state of kidney disorder so advanced that the organ stops functioning altogether”...
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...Essay 1 Hobbes write that there is “a doctrine plainly and directly against the essence of a commonwealth, and that it is this: That the sovereign power may be divided.” (p.213). It is based upon his argument that sovereign power can never be divided because it is the only way to ensure peace and security in the commonwealth, and have a smooth function. Sovereignty is the foundation of authority and the representation of power underlying all civil peace. It is an artificial person, a creation of human ingenuity, a product of art, and it is not natural. The people come together to create sovereign and to bring about that commodious living (p.78, prg.14). Since the people create it, the power is based on the people to become the representative and bring peace and security. To ensure peace, an individual must obey his sovereign in all things, and Hobbes shows that obedience to a single master of the sovereign always provides security in his life (p.80, prg.4). We can see however, that there is an issue behind the obedience of an individual. Human beings have desires that are unlimited, and if human beings are set free, a state of war is inescapable. In order to avoid this state of war, absolute sovereignty is necessary. These desires are driven by two strong passions that Hobbes believe are the most powerful to motivate us (p.30). The concept of fear, specifically of violent death, triggers the need to defend oneself in any way possible. Self-defense against violent death is...
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