...Explain How Managers Can Use Motivation Theories to Influence the Behaviour of People in Organizations. In: Business and Management Explain How Managers Can Use Motivation Theories to Influence the Behaviour of People in Organizations. [pic] ===================================================================================== [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic][pic] [pic] Explain how managers can use motivation theories to influence the behaviour of people in organizations. [pic] Table of Content Page Introduction 4 The meaning of motivation 6 Theories of motivation The Need or Content Theories of motivation Abraham Harold Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 8 Douglas Mc Gregor’s Theory X and Theory Y 12 Frederick Herzberg’s Motivator Hygiene Theory 15 David McClelland’s Acquired-Needs Theory 17 The Process or Cognitive Theories of Motivation Victor H. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory (The VIE Theory) 20 The Reinforcement Theory 23 Conclusion 26 Bibliography 28 Introduction Understanding people’s perceptions, attitudes, motivations and behaviours is extremely important for achieving both managerial and organisational effectiveness. To get the very best out of people in work settings, managers constantly need knowledge about the behaviour of individuals and groups in organisations; they also need to be aware of the organisational and environmental variables that can potentially affect...
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...Contemporary Theories of Motivation Introduction Understanding people’s perceptions, attitudes, motivations and behaviours is extremely important for achieving both managerial and organisational effectiveness. To get the very best out of people in work settings, managers constantly need knowledge about the behaviour of individuals and groups in organisations; they also need to be aware of the organisational and environmental variables that can potentially affect human behaviour. They need to understand, anticipate, modify and improve behaviours that are organizationally meaningful and relevant. The contribution of people, through their motivation and commitment, and dedicated behaviour towards the goals and objectives of the organisation, remain the single most important factor in making organisations better and more effective. Some people like their jobs and work harder as well as smarter. They are also very proud of the organizations for which they work. Other people simply dislike their jobs and would do anything just to avoid working. They would also prefer, if given the choice, to leave the organization. Motivation is the willingness to exert high levels of effort to organizational goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need. This need is the internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive. Motivation is also the process that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal...
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...This essay uses motivation theory to explain how Caribbean managers can enhance motivation of their employees. Motivation has three levels of analysis; the individual, group and organization. It’s not only the managers or the organization’s responsibility to motivate their employees, they themselves should be intrinsically motivated to perform well on the job; but one key aspect of being a manager, is being able to accomplish tasks and subsequently the organization’s goals through the efforts of other people. It is generally accepted and proven that motivation is essential in organization but what exactly is motivation? Motivation, specifically in relation to organizational goals, is“the processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal”(Robbins and Judge: 204).To expound on this definition, it is a series of actions that causes an individual to persistently channel their efforts, with great devotion, in a direction that benefits the organization. For example, a motivated salesman will direct his efforts into meeting or surpassing his sales quota for the week or month, which in turn benefits the company. To understand motivational issues in a culturally diverse workforce, managers need to pay attention to both their people’s cultural values and the fundamental attitudes toward work (Hitt, Black and Porter 2012). Vega-Rosada (2006) and Punnett (2001, 2006) in their respective studies suggest that the colonial heritage...
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...EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT Approved: Paper Advisor Date: 7 May 2009 Motivation in Project Management ii EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT __________________ A Seminar Research Paper Presented to the Graduate Faculty University of Wisconsin-Platteville __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Science in Project Management __________________ by FangMin Yang 2009 ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper was to discuss motivation theory and explore the application of motivation theory in project management. There are numerous differences between project management and traditional management, but, when it comes to motivating employees, the same motivation theories that are used in traditional management can be used to motivate employees working on projects. Nowadays, motivation theory has become a central tenet of management theory, such that the effective use of motivation theory has a significant impact on the dedication and performance of employees and, as a result, the overall success of a company. This seminar paper presents a summary of some of the most popular motivation theories, and a review of their application to management of employees, in general, and to project management teams, specifically. Each motivation theory has advantages and disadvantages. The motivation theories discussed in this paper are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation, and McGregor’s...
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... | | | | | |Lecture Outline | | | |Introduction | | | |What Is Motivation? |The motivation of employees is a vital key to the success of | | |Early Theories of Motivation |managers and the business organizations they lead. Since the | | |Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory |motivation of employees is so important, your students will benefit| | |McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y |from a careful study of Chapter Sixteen and will become better | | |Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory |equipped to understand and manage human resources in the future and| |...
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...1: Motivation Table of Contents Introduction 3 What is Motivation 3 Why is understanding motivation important for mangers 4 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 4 Expectancy theory 5 Reinforcement theory 6 In relation to employee performance which theory should a Manager adopt 8 Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction Motivation is a broad topic and is at times not clearly understood and often poorly practiced. There are many major factors that mangers conveniently use to escape majority or all the blame of their organisational problems. One would be that whenever things go wrong some managers tend to point out that the problem(s) have occurred due to lack of motivation from employees (“Employee-motivation strategies,” 1999). Theodore Roosevelt once said, "the best …[manger] is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he wants done, and self-restraint enough to keep from meddling with them while they do it" (“Employee-motivation strategies,” 1999). Essentially the manager's obligation is to develop employee’s skill and harness their capabilities as much as possible for the development of the organisations they belong to (“Employee-motivation strategies,” 1999). The paper aims to provide an understanding in regards to the importance of human motivation. It will outline and discuss three motivational theories and how mangers may apply these theories to improve employee performance (Halepota, 2005). Having knowledge about motivation theories can help...
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...Defining of Motivation Realizing people’s senses, attitudes, motivations and behaviours is very significant for reaching managerial and organisational impressiveness. To understand perfect out of people in work ambiences, managers ceaselessly need background information about the behaviour of persons and teams in organisations; they besides need to be awake of the organisational and environmental changeable that could potentially impact human behaviour. They need to get, wait, change and develop behaviours that are organizationally expressive and related. The improvement of people, by way of their motivation and loyalty, and specific behaviour against the aims and objectives of the organisation, remain the just very significant element in making organisations better and impressive. We can see the differences between people’s sedulities in their job, some of them like their job and they work hard. They are also very glad of the organizations of their work. On the other side, some people do not like their job and they try to avoid their work area. To others also if they have opportunity to leave the organisations, they would probably use this opportunity. Some attitudes and behaviours are common for all. They have a straight channel with the problem of motivation in work place. Manager’s requisite to handling experienced background information of people’s motivation to affect human behaviour in the correct way. Managers are all the time awaited to get higher...
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...Number#: 412002452 Date: 10/09/2013 With the use of motivation theory discuss how Caribbean managers can enhance the motivation of their employees? Provide relevant examples to illustrate your answer. The purpose of this paper is to exemplify, with the use of motivational theories how Caribbean managers can relate and enhance the motivation of employees. Employees' performance has been proven to have some correlation with their motivation within the workplace. Motivation is defined as the processes that accounts for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal. Workers can be either negatively or positively motivated. Positive motivation can consist of goals or rewards that would allow for self-actualization. On the other hand, Negative motivation occurs where one undertakes responsibility of a task they do not feel comfortable with. Motivation can be divided into two types; Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Intrinsic Motivation refers to the individual's motivational stimuli within ones self. He or she formulates the drive to perform a specific task because its results are in accordance with their beliefs or it fulfills a desire and therefore importance is attached, meaning they thrive on the fact they are faced with a challenge to their ability. However, Extrinsic Motivation means that the individual's motivational stimuli affected by outside forces. In other words, the overall...
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...“MOTIVATION IS A CRITICAL FACTOR FOR THR ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL SUCCESS. HOWEVER IT IS EQUALLY CRITICAL FOR MANAGERS TO KNOW THE DIFFERENT MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES AND APPROACHES AS WELL AS HOW TO USE THEM EFFECTIVELY” Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.1 Background Information 3 2.2 The aim and objective 4 2.3 How to accomplish the aim 5 2.0 Discussion 3.4 Definition of Motivation 6 3.5 Importance of employee motivation 7 3.6 Basic concept of employee motivation 9 3.7 Different theories of motivation 10 3.8 Why managers should have a good understanding about motivation 16 3.0 Conclusion 17 4.0 References 18 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background information ...
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...One of the things that a manager has to do before approaching the employees regarding the news that the upper management has decided to downsize his or her department; he or she have to find out the reason for the downsize and why? Once the manager has the answers, then he or she will figure a way to communicate with his or her employees about the change. It is not easy to mold the employees into accepting the changes that the upper management has issued, and there lies the challenge that a manager has to deal with. Before going into explaining ways that a manager will implement change, to include figuring out a way to motivate the employees through the change, it is best to explain first hand just what an organizational change is and the necessity of it. Many have sought to explain the fundamentals of change, how to manage change, and why change is so difficult to achieve. In spite of numerous theories, models, and multistep approaches, organizational leaders lack a clear understanding of, or ability to engage, the steps necessary to implement change successfully (Armenakis & Harris, 2002). Research suggests that the problem is limited understanding of change implementation techniques and inability to modify one’s management style. Organizational change simply means a form of transformation or alteration of major sections within an organization. The necessity of change within any organization is to improve its performance. Understanding organizational change involves examining...
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...1.0 Background of Company British American Tobacco (BAT) is the world’s second largest quoted tobacco group by global market share, with brands sold in around 180 markets. With more than 200 brands in their portfolio, they make the cigarette chosen by one in eight of the world’s one billion adult smokers. They hold robust market positions in each of their regions and have leadership in more than 50 markets. In 2011, their subsidiary companies sold 705 billion cigarettes. In the same year, their subsidiaries enabled governments worldwide to gather more than £30 billion in taxes, including excise duty on their products, almost nine times the Group’s profit after tax. BAT has sustained a significant global presence for over 100 years. BAT was founded in 1902 and by 1912 had become one of the world’s top dozen companies by market capitalisation. They have 46 cigarette factories in 39 countries and employ more than 55 000 people worldwide. Their workforce is strongly multi-cultural and they have a devolved structure, where each local company has a wide freedom of action and responsibility for its operations. Decisions are made as close as possible to the local stakeholders of each business, within a framework of principles, standards, policies, strategies and delegated authorities. BAT believes that because their products pose risks to health, it is all the more important to manage their business responsibly. Responsibility is an integral part of their strategy and through...
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...December 2006 Motivation to work - differences between managers and workers -Bachelor Thesis- Tutor: Pernilla Nilsson Examiner: Pernilla Nilsson Authors: Elna Hägglund 840912 Sofie Palmqvist 830905 Abstract While studying management we realised that most of the already existing theories discuss motivation to work from a general perspective. Therefore we found it interesting to investigate motivation on a deeper level. “Motivation to work – differences between managers and workers” The research questions for our thesis are, is there a difference in motivation between managers and workers? If so, what is the difference between the two? The purpose is to examine if a manager and a worker have shared understandings and common factors of what motivates them, or if certain characteristics can be distinguished. For our research we have chosen to use three companies operating within the financial sector in Sweden. Moreover, the chosen companies are located nearby which gives us the opportunity to visit them and to accomplish face to face conversations. We have interviewed two persons at each company, whereby one has the position of a manager and the other has the position of a worker. Moreover, the method of our interviews are qualitative, mostly due to the fact that we wanted create a comfortable feeling for the interviewee and to so that we could get deep insight of what motivates that person. We have studied old famous theories regarding motivation to work, we...
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...Motivation and Stress: A Discussion of Management Recommendations for a Local Hospital The following report was written by a private consultant hired to examine the issues being experienced by Delmar General Hospital with their nursing staff. The report begins with a discussion of nursing, moves on to an overview of motivational theories, as well as stress and its effects on motivation. The issues occurring within this hospital with their nursing staff will be reviewed and interpreted by the private consultant. The private consultant will then conclude with a discussion of her final recommendations in terms of what can be done by Delmar General and their management staff to increase motivation and decrease stress levels, with examples from supporting research. No matter what ones goal may be, motivation always plays a big role in achievement. In the workplace, individuals must be motivated to perform their best however, frequent conflicts can often hinder ones motivation levels by causing stress. Managers within the workplace can attempt to achieve maximum productivity while maintaining a positive employee affect through the use of various kinds of motivational plans. The nursing profession is one of many within healthcare that deal with a lot of stress and motivational issues. Currently nursing is facing a series of issues that makes understanding stress and motivation very important for healthcare managers. It was estimated by the US Department...
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...School in Business | Principles on the Theories of Motivation | Human Resource Management | Engr. Mary Jane A. Badillo | PRINCIPLES ON THE THEORIES OF MOTIVATION WHAT IS MOTIVATION? Many people incorrectly view motivation as a personal trait. Some people have it, and others don’t. But motivation is defined as a set of forces that causes an individual to behave in a particular way. It is generally what energizes, maintains and controls behavior, it acts as a stimulus for desirable actions. Motivational concerns would be addressed if we were to ask, for example, What motivates employees to go to work each morning? Many people get great satisfaction from their work and take great pride in it; others may view it as a burden, and simply work to survive. This question of motivation has been studied by management theorists and social psychologists for decades, in attempts to identify successful approaches to management. From a manager’s viewpoint, the objective is to motivate people to behave in ways that are in the organization’s best interest. THE IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATION What people want from an organization and how they think they can achieve it plays an important role in determining their motivation to work. Some people want money, some want challenge and some want power. The difference between highly effective organizations and less effective ones often lies in the motivations of their members. Managers strive to motivate people in the organization...
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... 2 ➢ Acknowledgement 3 ➢ Concept of Motivation 4 ✓ Nature of Motivation 5 ✓ Types of Needs 6 ✓ Motivation & behaviour 7 ✓ Motivation & performance 8 ✓ Role of Motivation 9 ➢ Theories of Motivation ✓ Maslow’s need hierarchy 10 ✓ Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory 11-13 ✓ Equity Theory 14-16 ✓ McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y 17-22 ✓ Theory Z 23 ✓ Alderfer’s ERG Theory 24-25 ✓ McClelland’s need theory 26 ✓ Vroom’s Expectancy Theory 27 ✓ Case Study 28 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...
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