...•What is health psychology training for? Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 2 •Studies psychological influences on people • How they stay healthy • Why they become ill • How they respond when they get ill •Health: Complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being • Wellness: Optimum state of health Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 3 •Health promotion and maintenance •Prevention and treatment of illness •Etiology and correlates of health, illness, and dysfunction • Etiology: Origins or causes of illness •Improvement of health care system and the formulation of health policy Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 4 •Disease during prehistory - Considered to arise when evil spirits entered the body •Humoral theory of illness - Diseases resulted when the humors or circulating fluids of the body were out of balance • Personality types associated with the humors • Blood - Passionate temperament • Black bile - Sadness Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 5 •...
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...BEL311 ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES TERM PAPER ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: NOT JUST A LOSS OF MEMORY Prepared by: XXXXXXXXX (matric no.) XXXXXXXXX (matric no.) Group XXX Prepared for: XXXXXXXXXXXX Date of Submission: July 2011 Introduction Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently afflicts about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of mental impairment in elderly people and accounts for a large percentage of admissions to assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in a large proportion of patients with this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these psychotic symptoms can lead to early institutionalization (Bassiony, et al, 2000). Learning about Alzheimer’s disease and realizing that it is much more that just a loss of memory can benefit the families of those with the disorder as well as society as a whole. This paper is to look at the disorder, as well as to discuss the history, symptoms, diagnosis, current researches and hopes of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. History Around the turn of the century, two kinds of dementia were defined by Emil Kraepin: senile and presenile. The presenile form was described more in detail by Alois Alzheimer as a progressive deterioration...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory This is a 8 page, 10 resource paper discussing Alzheimer’s disease, discussing the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes for a cure of the disease. Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory Introduction Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently afflicts about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of mental impairment in elderly people and accounts for a large percentage of admissions to assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in a large proportion of patients with this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these psychotic symptoms can lead to early institutionalization (Bassiony, et all, 2000). Learning about Alzheimer’s disease and realizing that it is much more that just a loss of memory can benefit the families of those with the disorder as well as society as a whole. The purpose of this paper is to look at the disorder, as well as to discuss the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. History Around the turn of the century, two kinds of dementia were defined by Emil Kraepin: senile and presenile. The presenile form was described more in detail by Alois Alzheimer as a progressive deterioration of...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory Introduction Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative brain disease, is the most common cause of dementia. It currently afflicts about 4 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Furthermore, Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of mental impairment in elderly people and accounts for a large percentage of admissions to assisted living homes, nursing homes, and other long-term care facilities. Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, have been reported in a large proportion of patients with this disease. In fact, it is the presence of these psychotic symptoms can lead to early institutionalization (Bassiony, et all, 2000). Learning about Alzheimer’s disease and realizing that it is much more that just a loss of memory can benefit the families of those with the disorder as well as society as a whole. The purpose of this paper is to look at the disorder, as well as to discuss the history, symptoms, diagnosis and hopes of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. History Around the turn of the century, two kinds of dementia were defined by Emil Kraepin: senile and presenile. The presenile form was described more in detail by Alois Alzheimer as a progressive deterioration of intellect, memory and orientation. As a neuropathologist, Alzheimer studied the case a 51 year-old woman. When she died, Alzheimer performed an autopsy and found that she had “cerebral atrophy”...
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...healing, and healers was very close. It is like a process of reconciliation led by popular demand rather than by either the religious or medical fields. This model discuss about the relationship between spirituality, religion and health that has grown enormously over the last several decades, and has gain more interest among health and mental health professionals. Religion and spirituality can play a role in how an individual child or adult copes with being sick, may influence medical decisions that are made, and may have an impact on the medical outcome. The bio-psycho-social model of medicine, is a way of looking at the mind and body of a patient as two important systems that are interlinked and it is like a mind-body connection. This is in contrast to the traditional biomedical model of medicine. This model treats the biological, psychological and social issues as systems of the body, similar to the traditional medical systems such as the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Also it draws a distinction between the actual pathological processes that cause disease, and the patient's perception of their health and the effects on it, called the illness. Every illness is a desperate search of the body-mind to again to be in relationship with its soul to regain the ability...
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...Daily as well as weekly weigh-ins for the children will monitor their results. A staff member will administer the quizzes to the children and in the last four weeks two staff members will administer the quizzes one to the families and one to the children. Goals are 10-20% of being body weight and 90-100% on daily quizzes. After successfully completing first course take plan with outcomes around to neighboring doctors, clinic, and hospitals, in hope of building community success and to share the importance of early intervention and the interventions and the benefits of the program Introduction to the Project Childhood obesity has become a major problem in the United States. Obesity among children is a risk factor that can lead to many health issues that include Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, orthopedic problems, and self-esteem issues. The majority of overweight children...
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...continues to be a complicated mental illness. There had been a misconception that Schizophrenia is a rare condition. But it is actually not rare; in fact each person has a risk of developing it within their lifetime. It is most common to psychoses, and half of the inpatients in mental hospitals are Schizophrenics. It is a brain disorder that can happen to anyone occurring in any culture, affecting men and women equally and all areas of functioning, including thought, emotion, perception and behavior. So to prove that Schizophrenia is a major mental health problem that can affect from all walks of life. The cause of Schizophrenia is not fully known. However, it shows that Schizophrenia may caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Biological interpretations have dominated in past studies. But twin and adoption studies suggest that environmental factors help in triggering Schizophrenia. Nonetheless, neither the biological not the environmental categories is completely determinant, and there is no assurance that one will ensure if he will or will not develop Schizophrenia. Keywords: Schizophrenia; developing, cause, genetic, environmental, biological SCHIZOPHRENIA: NATURE OR NURTURE? 3 Schizophrenia: Nature or Nurture? Schizophrenia not only affects the person with the disease but also their relationships with the people around them. Schizophrenics often withdraw and isolate themselves, thus, developing paranoia and creating difficulties within...
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...fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors (CDC, 2011). Based on research it is clear that the development of healthy eating habits starts with parental style, relationships, and how a family manages and functions that may help reduce childhood obesity. There are many health issues among obese children and adolescents that range from type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, social discrimination, and heart disease. All of these issues mentioned can be detrimental in self-esteem and depression. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 17 percent of U.S. children ages two to nineteen years are overweight (Kuczmarski et al. 2002) and nearly another 17 percent are at risk for overweight. The psychosocial risks in obese children can hinder academic and social functioning and these children are targets for social discrimination. In comparison to obese girls and boys to non-obese girls and boys were less likely to hang out with friends, have more emotional problems and feelings of hopelessness (Falkner et al., 2001). It is evident that obesity has a negative impact on children and adolescents. Addressing the strategies of childhood obesity within familial environments and schools can have a major impact on children and how they can learn how to combat childhood obesity. Another concern in...
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...Annathur.Kalingan Wednesday, April 18, 2012 W201527095 TEST.III Learning Objectives & Review of Chapters.8, 9 &10. Chapter.8. Schizophrenia Objective.1. Discuss the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, as well as the current criteria for brief psychotic disorder. What is the typical age of onset? What percent of people will develop this schizophrenia? Following is the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. i. Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated): 1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence) 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. 5. Negative symptoms, (affective flattening, alogia, or avolition ii. For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance, one or more major areas of functioning such as work or school, interpersonal relations, or self-care is markedly below the level expected for the individual or achieved prior to the onset. iii. Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated) that meet Criterion A and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms. During these prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion...
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...elimination, and detoxification, among other processes. This organ performs a surprisingly large number of functions that influence virtually all other body systems. This is why diseases of the liver can be so devastating. One class of chronic diseases affecting the liver is cirrhosis. (Kasper, 2008) Cirrhosis is a condition in which normal liver cells are damaged and replaced by scar tissue. As the scar tissue accumulates, blood flow through the organ is obstructed which prevents the liver from functioning normally. Cirrhosis can be difficult to notice early because the preliminary stages rarely demonstrate any signs or symptoms. As liver function deteriorates, the effects of cirrhosis become evident. Complications include swelling of the legs and abdomen, weight loss, jaundice, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract and intense inching. (Kasper, 2008) The most common causes of cirrhosis are hepatitis C, fatty liver, and alcohol abuse. Other causes include repeated bouts of heart failure, cystic fibrosis, antitrypsin deficiency, and Wilson’s disease. Once diagnosed, treatment depends on the cause of the disease and what complications are present. The main goal is to slow the advance of scar tissue and reduce the impact of secondary health problems. Diagnosis can be made by assessing certain risk factors like alcohol use and obesity in conjunction with blood test and imaging. A liver biopsy provides absolute confirmation but is not always needed, as will be elaborated...
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...SUICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDE REFERENCE MANUAL INTRODUCTION The Suicide Risk Assessment Pocket Card was developed to assist clinicians in all areas but especially in primary care and the emergency room/triage area to make an assessment and care decisions regarding patients who present with suicidal ideation or provide reason to believe that there is cause for concern. This reference guide provides more specific information and the rationale for the sections on the pocket card. The sections of the guide correspond with the sections of the card. The Reference Guide may also be used as a teaching aid for new providers, residents and students at all levels and disciplines as well as other caregivers. This introduction provides general information regarding the nature and prevalence of suicidal behaviors and factors associated with increased risk for suicide and suicide attempts. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (including suicide attempts and death by suicide) are commonly found at increased rates among individuals with psychiatric disorders, especially major depressive disorder, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, PTSD, anxiety, chemical dependency, and personality disorders (e.g., antisocial and borderline). A history of a suicide attempt is the strongest predictor of future suicide attempts, as well as death by suicide. Intentional self-harm (i.e., intentional self-injury without the expressed intent to die) is also associated with long-term risk for repeated attempts...
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...information about a person and his or her environment to make decisions about the nature, status, and treatment of psychological problems * Typically begins with a set of Referral Questions developed in response to a request for help * Determine the goals of the assessment and select appropriate psych tests or measures | Goals of Assessment | * What procedures and instruments to use – age, med condition, and symptoms influence tools – psychologist’s theoretical perspective also affects scope. * Integrate findings to develop preliminary answers – shares this – process sometimes has therapeutic effect – feedback | Screening | * Screening - an assessment process that attempts to identify psychological problems or predict the risk of future problems among people who are not referred for clinical assessment * All members of group are given a brief measure for which some identified cutoff score indicates the possibility of significant problems, e.g. Centre for Epidemiological Studies-D (CES-D) – possibility of depression. * General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) – broad-based – indicates if more thorough evaluation is needed. * AUDIT test – 10-item screen to identify substance abuse * To evaluate usefulness of screening, they must have: * Sensitivity – ability of the screener/instrument to identify a problem that actually exists. * Specificity – indicates % of time the absence of a problem is accurately identified. * False positives & False Negatives | ...
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...Republic of the Philippines Laguna State Polytechnic University San Pablo City Campus College of Arts and Sciences Bachelor of Science in Psychology Submitted to: Ms. Evangeline Dia Understanding Aggression Handed on February 5, 2014 By: Camille L. Quicho Student no. 11-00131 Psychology (BS), 2nd semester CONTENTS 1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………1 2 What is Aggression………………………………………………………………2 3 Disorders linked from Aggression……………………………………….. ~1~ 1- INTRODUCTION Psychologists classify aggression as instrumental and hostile. Instrumental aggression is aggressive behavior intended to achieve a goal. It is not necessarily intended to hurt another person. For example, a soccer player who knocks a teammate down as they both run to stop the ball from reaching the opposing team's goalpost is not trying to hurt the teammate. Hostile aggression, onthe other hand, is aggressive behavior whose only purpose is to hurt someone.Hostile aggression includes physical or verbal assault and other antisocialbehaviors. Most studies of aggression are geared toward hostile aggression. There are several forms of self-control training, which teaches people to control their own anger and aggression by making verbal statements in which the person tells him/herself to respond to anger and arousal by thinking first and then using less aggressive behavior. Self-control training includes rational restructuring, cognitive self-instruction, and stress inoculation. Self-control...
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...beings with food in our society. While majority slip into overeating or comfort eating at some point, for some the problem goes to life-threatening extremes. For instance a common type of eating disorder is the anorexia nervosa and bulimia; there is a deep fear of being overweight that leads to an obsession about restricting the number of calories the person is taking in. This leads to an extreme state of starvation, which in turn has a number of effects on the way that the body functions and how hormones are produced. The common symptom of someone affected by an eating disorder includes: a. Mentally keeping a balance between calories taken in and calories used up b. Deep-seated feelings of anxiety if they consume a few calories too many c. Self-loathing, depression or panic if they haven’t lost any weight or put a little on, despite their best efforts Many scholars have researched the issue of diet quite deeply and know the damage they are doing to themselves but are still unable to stop. This just makes the feelings of despair and self-loathing even worse, causing their condition to continue. Common types of eating Disorders Research has given support to the existence of the different types of disorder put forward by Lask & Bryant-Waugh (2000). There are four main types of eating disorders namely; Anorexia is “self-imposed starvation and occurs when someone avoids food to the point that he or she is 15 percent or more below a healthy...
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...1 HLTH 21: Health Education Spring 2012 Course Orientation This course is all about what YOU want and need to know about personal, family, and community health with an emphasis on epidemiology of disease, nutritional behavior, communicable disease, disease prevention, mental health, and substance abuse. It's really up to you to decide how much you want to get out of this course in terms of meeting your personal and professional goals. Learning Outcomes By the end of this course, students should be able to: Assess health behavior choices, apply that information to everyday life for the improvement of individual, family, and community well-being. Identify preconceived ideas about knowledge, values, and behavior that affect health and compare with established research and accepted scientific evidence. How to be Successful in this Course Plan to spend at least 9 hours per week on this course. Login and keep up with readings, discussions, and quizzes on a weekly basis. Click on Course Map and get familiar with it. First, introduce yourself in the Discussion Forum. Before you begin with the Module readings, take some time to get to know your classmates. Click on the Discussion and Private Messages link to the left of your screen. Click on Discussion Forum titled: Introductions Post a message to tell us a little bit about yourself such as your major, degree plans, career goals, hobbies/interests, and why you are taking this course. Read your...
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