...Adult Depression and BPS Name University Professor Unit Date Discuss BPS factors contributing to depression in adulthood, and BPS ways of managing it The biopsychosocial model was first pioneered by a cardiologist by the name Dr. George Engel and has been embraced today by the mental health specialists. This model depicts that the biological, social factors and physiological factors are all vital and rely on each other to promote health or cause a disease. What affects the body will also often affect the mind. Wellness or a state of illness is not entirely based on an individual’s physical state but also on the person’s psychological and social status too. These elements that can contribute to depression in adulthood include; biological, psychological and social factors (Melchert, 2011). Biological factors can make one to be prone to depression in adulthood. This is the reason because some people are more susceptible to depression as compared to others because of their biological factors and their hereditary genes which put them at a higher chance of becoming depressed in the future. Children also can inherit depression symptoms from their parents. Psychological factors are also part of the BPS model (Melchert, 2011). The factors that influence depression include poor coping skills, impaired emotional intelligence and judgment problems. The symptoms can occur as a result of past experiences of being subjected to numerous negative life events or life stress...
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...Discussion on how theory and research in health psychology has been helpful or unhelpful in addressing human problems. Areas important in health psychology involve studies of behaviour which courses illness and also a way to try motivate individuals to leave healthy with the influence from hospitals and care professionals in the society. ‘Health psychology is the aggregate of the specific educational, scientific and professional contribution of the discipline of psychology to the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention and treatment of illnesses’ Matarazzo (1980). As health psychology is widely related to health the definition of healthy is by the World Health Organization (WHO) 1948 saying that health is ‘the state of complete physical, social and spiritual well-being, not simply the absences of illnesses’. As psychology is the science of behaviour and change; psychologists have helped to influence change in people’s life. As health psychology is interested mainly in health and health maintenance rather than on diseases and disease prevention. It was found in the 1970s when many countries (western) began to suffer from diseases and death in result to declining expenditures, to resolve the situation health promotion strategies were introduced. As there are many factors that courses diseases for example smoking which leads to diseases like cardiovascular disease, to investigate the relationship between health behaviours, health and disease outcomes studies would be...
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...Access to higher education Psychology assignment (karon Chewter 7nd March 2016) Psychology applied to health Health psychology is the study of health, illnessillness, and health care practice. Health psychology as a unique area of psychology came to the forefront in the 1970s and has since grown. (Gross.R 2005) Health psychology is an exciting and relatively new field devoted to understanding psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill and how they respond when they do get ill? It focuses on health promotion and maintenance, prevention and treatment of illness and the understanding of the biopsychosocial aspects of physical and mental illness, improvement of the health care system and the formulation of health policy (S.E, Taylor, 1995). The main areas of health psychology are stress and coping, health behaviours and issues in health. Health psychologists study such issues and develop interventions to help people stay well or get over illness. For exampleexample, a health psychology researcher might be interested in why adolescents continue to binge drink even though they know that binge drinking increases their risk of cancer and heart disease. Understanding this poor health habit leads to interventions to help adolescents stop binge drinking. The waysways, in which health psychologists try to change the behaviours, the influence of behaviourist such as Skinner and Watson will...
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...to provide a healing presence. According to Koerner “western medicine traditionally conceptualized the body as a grand machine controlled by the brain and central nervous system” (Koerner, J.G. 2011). In a sense a living computer! “Physiologic and psychologic behaviors were considered dependent on structure and hardware of the brain and body” (Koerner, J.G. 2011). Healthcare and how we take care of people have changed over the years with the different advancements in medicine and psychology. Health and healing is not only seen as physical but also includes mind, spirit and biopsychosocial including cultural factors. These aspects helped shape the different modalities of how we take care of patients. Larry Dossey has described three different models of health and healing. Era I according to Dossey is the Mechanical Era, in this Era health and healing was considered to be more physical in nature. Healers believed that a person’s health was determined by physical factors. Era II not only was health and healing influenced by physical aspects but also by feeling and...
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...modern society, both in and outside work, some struggle under the strong influences and expectations we meet on a daily basis while also setting requirements and expectations for ourselves most wish to live up to. Private matters can influence the situation in the workplace. Conditions and events in the home, obligations to children and old parents, may require time and attention also during working hours, and in some situations so much so that it can go beyond the job and ones capability. This can amplify stress experienced on workplace. According to MHF(Mental Health Foundation) «calls for more help in managing stress as; 1. 59% of British adults say their life is more stressful than it was five years ago 2. Money and work top survey results as main causes of stress in Britain 3. People three times more likely to drink alcohol to help deal with stress than would go to a GP. Results from a recent Mental Health Foundation survey indicate stress is becoming increasingly common in these difficult economic times; a fact also highlighted by the recent NHS Information Centre survey revealing that hospital admissions for stress have risen by seven per cent in just 12 months.» (Mentalhealth.org.uk, 2014) An understanding of the concept of stress has evolved from many researchers perspectives, and it may be difficult to agree on one definition of the term. Most stress researchers agree, however, that stress is composed of three different components: Stimulus , which represents...
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...Psychology of Health in the Workplace Psychology of Health in the Workplace Kristin Haimowitz HCA/250 January 22, 2012 Wakita R. Bradford Psychology of Health in the Workplace A good attitude can go a long way in making the place where you work a more tolerable place to be. Having a healthy lifestyle can make it easier to deal with the smaller problems that seem to happen on a day to day basis. Health psychology is concerned with understanding how biological, psychological, environmental, and cultural factors are involved in physical health and the prevention of illness. Due to recent advances in psychological, medical, and physiological research, it had lead to new ways of thinking about health and illness. This conceptualization, which has been labeled the biopsychosocial model, views health and illness as the product of a combination of factors including biological characteristics (e.g., genetic predisposition), behavioral factors (e.g., lifestyle, stress, health beliefs, and social conditions (e.g., cultural influences, family relationships, social support) (Marks, 2011). People have developed a field of health psychology that helps people deal with stressors that they are involved with at their workplace. Many experts perform research to help them solidify their findings. Occupational Health Psychology (OHP) has developed from these studies, and does research so that they can better understand the needs of people in their work settings. Also, OHP...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology 1 Industrial/Organizational Psychology Crystal Bell PSY/435 Instructor: Dr. Simone Senhouse University of Phoenix June 16, 2012 Industrial/Organizational Psychology 2 Industrial/Organizational Psychology In the mead of a strike and management, psychology has studies ever since infancy in psychology itself (Spector, 2008). In the start, Industrial and organizational psychology was completely worried with the strike side of the mead in which concentrated on the organizational features of trade and highlighted individual resources- as contradicted to the management side, in which is worried with the reform of work conditions of the workforce, still, as the mead has expanded over the years, it was brought to contain the full bands of colour of the industry and management. Therefore, Industrial and organizational psychology was explained as, “a related which is distressed with the growth and a formal request of experimental principles to the workforce.” (Spector, 2008, p.5). on the empirical level, the ambition of the industrial and organizational psychology is to, “ ameliorate the grade of the surrounding for the workers, as well as to raise the successfulness and methodically of the worker’s behavior in that surrounding” (Barnes-Holmes et, al., 2006, p.56). The concise distinctness and practical action of applying something...
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...of organisational power Reference ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 9 1 Emily Durham | Strategies for increasing supervisors’ personal power through informal channels Executive summary This paper highlights the influence of power within the workplace. Different sources of power are discussed, as well as the consequences of having employees who possess more informal power than their supervisors. Recommendations are made to increase supervisors’ levels of personal power, which can be implemented at both the recruitment stage and through development of supervisors. Personal biography Emily Durham has a BA, majoring in Psychology and English, and is currently working towards gaining a BA (Hons) with a focus in Industrial, Work and Organisational Psychology. 2 Emily Durham | Strategies for increasing supervisors’ personal power through informal channels The effects of power within organisations Power can be defined as the ability to overcome adversity in the attempt to influence others’ behaviour and opinions, with the intention of obtaining desired results. 1 Organisational power merits attention, as those with the ability to impact colleagues and work outcomes have the potential to be a dominant force within the workplace. While many of the advantages of being powerful tend to be personal, for example encountering fewer social constraints from others2 or receiving more helpful behaviours from colleagues, 3 there...
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...Psychology of Health in the Workplace Kristin Haimowitz HCA/250 January 22, 2012 Wakita R. Bradford Psychology of Health in the Workplace A good attitude can go a long way in making the place where you work a more tolerable place to be. Having a healthy lifestyle can make it easier to deal with the smaller problems that seem to happen on a day to day basis. Health psychology is concerned with understanding how biological, psychological, environmental, and cultural factors are involved in physical health and the prevention of illness. Due to recent advances in psychological, medical, and physiological research, it had lead to new ways of thinking about health and illness. This conceptualization, which has been labeled the biopsychosocial model, views health and illness as the product of a combination of factors including biological characteristics (e.g., genetic predisposition), behavioral factors (e.g., lifestyle, stress, health beliefs, and social conditions (e.g., cultural influences, family relationships, social support) (Marks, 2011). People have developed a field of health psychology that helps people deal with stressors that they are involved with at their workplace. Many experts perform research to help them solidify their findings. Occupational Health Psychology (OHP) has developed from these studies, and does research so that they can better understand the needs of people in their work settings. Also, OHP looks to understand how psychosocial characteristics...
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...various career opportunities in the field of psychology was conducted. In this paper three different professional psychology sub-specialties fields were explored by gathering information from various websites. The three sub-specialty fields discussed are an Experimental Psychology, Industrial/Organizational Psychology and Health Psychology. Experimental Psychology The experimental psychology field is one that conducts research in cognitive behaviors of humans and animals, neuroscience and personalities. The field does this research using the scientific method. The experimental psychologist work setting can widely range from college and universities, to government and facility based settings. The information gathered is used in a variety of ways, including therapeutic methods, work related production issues, employee wellness and even employee safety issues. The methods used for the research also vary depending on the area being studied. The models all follow scientific methodology, utilizing group settings, manipulating independent variables, collecting the data and then forming a hypothesis (APA, 2012). The education preparation and training for an experimental psychologist is usually focused on research and how to conduct this research. The minimum education needed is a master’s degree in general psychology or experimental psychology. To advance in research, certain schools/Universities or salary a doctorate degree in psychology is almost always required (APA, 2012). The...
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...Industrial Organizational 1 Industrial Organization Industrial organizational Psychology paper University Of Phoenix Stacey Dixon 2 What is I/O Psychology? And what purpose does it have in the industrial world? This is the question of many. I/O Psychology is Industrial-Organizational psychology which is a study that has only been in existence for the last century. I/O psychology was acknowledged during the industrial revolution. In the early 1900s, the I/O psychologist were not interested in the satisfaction of the employees. The study was primarily for the operators to be productive as possible. It wasn’t until a I/O psychologist named Harry Landburger ( 1924-1932) became interested in the work conditions of the employees and how it affect them. But the true studies were known as the Hawthorne studies that date back to the early 1900s It was the first application to businesses and then came world war I and II in (1917- 1918) This was a selection of the people that they recruited and had to place. Hawthorns studies took affect in (1930) were it impacted the work environment and the interpersonal interactions on work behaviors. Emerging latter into the employment of legislation in the 1960’s and then Civil rights act in 1964. Psychologist used their knowledge during the World War I and II. These two wars were conflicts that occurred with out the United States being prepared. Psychologist put there wisdom together and test individuals so that they...
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...STRESS and COPING Will Seitz ABS 200 11/03/2014 Instructor Clark Ashford University STRESS 1 Throughout the course of this class we have been learning about the different disciplines of applied behavioral science, to understand what applied behavioral science is we have to define it. Applied behavioral science is the application of different disciplines or knowledge of psychology to understand and find solutions to human behavior. Here you would use the specific psychological discipline you are trained in to conduct risk assessments and delve into why we humans do what we do. In week three we were asked to choose a specific case study from a list and follow it through the course, my case study was about stress and coping. The subject of my case study was named Jamiel. I decided on this particular case study because it had to deal with stress and coping, something that everyone deals with on a daily basis. The focus of the study was a series of unfortunate events that kept compounding on top of each other to snowball frustrations into all out panic and the feeling of despair. Stress is a precursor to causing many different kinds of physiological and psychological troubles, but what is stress? Stress according to What is Stress, “Stress occurs when pressure exceeds your perceived ability to cope“, (Palmer & Cooper, 2007). It was this kind of pressure that our case study subject Jamiel had to deal with on his way to the office, once...
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...Early 20th century rural life Early 20th century city life Industrialization I/O psychology didn’t appear out of no where, natural growth of times major influences: economic, social, and psychological Economically: industrial boom around turn of 20th century — promoting interest in efficiency Societal: growing acceptance of theory of evolution changed way people thought of communities and societies Protestant work ethic: supported capitalism (became basis of society) Psychology: undergoing change, accepting scientific method Frederick W. Taylor Frederick Winslow Taylor was primarily interested in removing all inefficiency from the workplace, and he targeted his efforts toward the manual worker, aiming to increase their productivity and reduce their judgment. As a result he invented scientific management, which was based on four principles (Beder, 2000, p98): The most efficient way of doing a task should be worked out scientifically; Workers should be carefully selected and trained to do the work in this way; Workers should do their work under the close supervision and control of management and be paid a bonus for doing exactly what they say; Management should take over the planning and thinking part of the work. Taylor considered the manual worker to be stupid, slow and unintelligent, with little or no thinking abilities. The ‘thinking’ part of any job, he claimed, was for intelligent, educated people, and the workers’ job was to “follow instructions about...
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...2011 Personnel Management Essay: Stress Essay Prepared by: K.A Date: 16/12/2011 Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................................... 2 Stress & Personnel ............................................................................................................ 2 Stress & Organizational Behaviour ................................................................................ 2 Sources of Organizational Stress ........................................................................................ 3 Causes of Stress ................................................................................................................. 3 Types of Stress............................................................................................................... 4 Effects of Stress on Personnel ............................................................................................. 5 Physical Effects ................................................................................................................. 5 Behavioural Effects ........................................................................................................ 5 Effects of Stress on Organizational Behaviour .................................................................. 5 Stress Management ....................................................................................................
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...International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 1 No. 7[Special Issue –June 2011] Occupational Stress of Teachers: A Comparative Study Between Turkey and Macedonia Dr. Figen Eres Assistant Professor Department of Educational Science Gazi University, Ankara Turkey E-mail: feres@gazi.edu.tr, Phone: +903124844631 Dr. Tatjana Atanasoska Assistant Professor Department of Education University of St. Kliment Ohridski, Macedonia E -mail: t.atanasoska@pfbt.uklo.edu.mk, Phone: +38970853624 Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the stress level of Turkish and Macedonian teachers living in different socio-cultural and economic situations. The scale used in the study has been developed by researches. 416 Turkish teachers and 213 Macedonian teachers have participated in the study. At the end of the study it was seen that Turkish teachers have mild stress levels and Macedonian teachers have moderate stress levels. There is a meaningful difference in the stress level points of Turkish and Macedonian teachers. Policy makers are advised to analyse the teacher training and assessment system with the assumption that personal and social characteristics and working conditions may have an effect on teacher stress. Implications for further research are also discussed. Keywords: Teacher stress, primary education teachers, Macedonia, Turkey 1.Introduction Stress is the abnormal reaction that the organism displays against threating environmental elements. (Luthans, 1994)...
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