... * * * * * * * * * * * * * Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis RES/342 Research and Evaluation 2 * Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis During the late part of the 1980’s scientist decided to study the effects of the ground level ozone and how humans deal with it. During the research scientist were able to establish that healthy people and sick people were impacted hugely by smog and pollution especially in California. The minor symptoms which were found after conducting the research were minor coughs, sore throat, and head colds. Scientist believes this is connected to everyday exposure to ground level ozone. The study did find that there were more visible problems like asthma. Researchers determined that the problems of asthma were far likely to occur in places like southern California. Southern California has the highest level of smog in any area of the country. The fundamental connection of the article supports the conclusion that smog is dangerous to both humans and wildlife. The significance of this article cannot be overstated in that it has been continuously cited in government studies and academic studies. The hypothesis of my studies is to determine that exposure to ground level ozone is instantly connected to health problems in people. The hypothesis is to examine individuals exposed to smog and the disorders that are associated with the effect...
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...Running Head: Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis RES/342 – RESEARCH AND EVALUATION II Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis New study finds therapeutic medicine that reduces endometriosis which is called pycnogenol. This plant is extracted from a pine bark along the southwest of France and has been studied for over 35 years. Now researchers have study and discovered that this antioxidant reduces pain symptoms associated with endometriosis by 33%. Endometriosis is the lining of the uterus that regurgitates into the abdominal during menstrual cycles. Endometriosis affects women in their reproductive years and is estimated to affect over one million women in the United States. It is one of the common reasons women have to undergo hysterectomies and laparoscopic surgery. The average diagnostic age is 25-30, however endometriosis has been reported in girls as young as eleven years of age. Estrogen and progesterone sometimes cause endometriosis to grow outside the uterus; normally it stays within the abdominal cavity. This tissue causes extremely painful menstrual periods, pelvic pain and infertility. During the study, 58 women between ages 21 to 38 who had undergone surgery were broken up into two groups. One group was given 30 mg of pycnogenol twice a day for 48 weeks and the other group was given hormone treatments which were injection of leuprorelin. After four weeks into the study, the researchers notice...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Duane Lundberg University of Phoenix Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis In a 1989 study of ground level ozone and its affects (Krupnick, 1989), researchers found that healthy and ill persons were affected tremendously by smog and pollution. Some of the minor symptoms, such as cough, sore throat, and head cold were linked to daily exposure to ground level ozone. As well, larger problems such as asthma were far more likely in areas such as southern California where ground level ozone is high. The significant link in this article is that it ties together several other studies and supports a conclusion that ground level ozone is dangerous to humans and wildlife. The significance of this article cannot be overstated in that it has been continuously cited in government studies and academic studies (Krupnik, 1989). The hypothesis of this study was to prove that exposure to ground level ozone is directly causal to health issues in humans. This hypothesis was designed to predict that individuals exposed to ground level ozone would experience higher rates of asthma and lung disorders. As study of verification or duplication research, this study was intended to verify the conclusions of previous pollution research. The researchers were able to verify and duplicate several other studies of a similar nature. As a result, this study became a leading research tool for the growing body of evidence that ground level pollution...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Augmented Reality Experimental Marketing is the basis for this Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis. The hypothesis of the study was to determine if the Augmented Reality Experimental Marketing (AREM) is a sustainable marketing tool (Bulearca and Tamarjan,2010). This tool will allow more access and marketing opportunities online. The main focus was to determine if this tool is marketable and beneficial for companies or their brands. To conduct the testing focus groups were used. This method was chosen because it offers great discussions like everyday conversations with no restraints. A pilot study will be implemented to amend any questions prior to the focus group study. The technique of peer checking was instituted to find blind spots and ensure the validiality of the questions. Member checking was used to verify the accuracy of the study and enables the researcher to get valuable feedback from the focus group. A good description of participants was provided to ensure the case study focus groups were viable and can be used for further research. The use of Augmented Reality as a form of experiential marketing during the past two years has been raising numerous controversies regarding its long-term benefits, extending from AR being only a promotional tool, to AR effectively contributing to a positive customer-brand relationship and to customer satisfaction through the creation...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis RES/342 March 19, 2012 Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Hypothesis is an educated guess about a specific subject in connection to nature. Researchers proceed by making experimentations of nature according to their observations. There is nothing that can researchers do with a data if hypothesis does not generate predictions. Often it is required that a scientific hypothesis must be testable. That means it must generate predictions. The phase “predictions” can be confusing, since we interpret it as telling about something that will happen, like "with in two years, 99% of the college student will be engage in academic dishonesty. In other words, a test (observations or experiments) must take place. Therefore, saying that a hypothesis generates predictions is similar to saying hypothesis is testable. In reference to the article “ACADEMIC DISHONESTY: PERCEPTION OF BUSINESS STUDENTS”, cheating among business students appears to be a major concern for professors and the colleges and Universities. This observation will prove that students with business major are more likely to engage in cheating on their examinations compared with students in other major fields. The author surveyed 5,000 students on 99 college campuses and reported that at least half of those in his sample practiced academic dishonesty (Bowers, 1964). Another survey was done in a 1993 by the same author across the same campuses and the result was higher...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Joannie Comeaux March 5, 2012 RES/342 Dr. Jindal Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis The article I have chosen to write about is VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION RESEARCH: ISSUES TO ADDRESS AND OBSTACLES TO FACE. The study aimed at the following: Identifying the issues required to address in VTE relating research. Identifying and discussing challenges that face research on VTE. Literature available on VTE and relating research was collected and studied in terms of topics, methodologies, and results and the issues that emerged concerned structure, content, practices, and outcomes of VTE programs. The analysis addressed methods to follow, parties who could participate, and benefits of research on each issue. Finally, the researchers attempted to discuss trends of research on VTE and to suggest some recommendations for different parties related. Studies, explicitly and implicitly, indicated weakness of the response of VTE programs to innovations established by bodies supervise and govern VE. Studies also mentioned that current VTE programs, even in some first world countries, were established to serve old vocational education programs (Lazaros and Rogers, 2006). Hence emerged the main problem represented in the lack of integration or effective communication between schools and teacher education institutes (Al-Smadi, 1999). Studies consistently mentioned a lot about the weakness of this relationship. Multiple studies...
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...Analysis of Common Exams Case Study The reviewed case study, Teachers’ Opinion Concerning Common Exams Administered in Elementary Schools, is aimed “to reveal the opinions of teachers concerning common exams, determine the problems and find out the recommendations concerning common exams (Caliskan, 2011). The study includes a survey of the teachers in order to extract the data. The research group consisted of 60 teachers who answered five survey questions. The above stated hypothesis is tested with the five interview, survey questions which include: “(1) Why do you think the common exams are being administered?; (2) What are the problems you have during implementations? On which specific subject or subjects are you having problems?; (3) What do you think are the advantages and the disadvantages of common exams?; (4) How do you think the common exams should be administered?; and (5) What is your recommendation for more beneficial and effective common exams?” (Caliskan, 2011). They hypothesis in this study was accepted because it revealed the challenges faced and possible recommendations. The results of the interviews showed that the opinions of the teachers and the true reasons for common exams were aligned. The results also indicated that the possible problems in implementation were common amongst the teachers. The most common problems were the inability to synchronously give lectures, lack of cooperation amongst teachers, and question preparation difficulties (Caliskan...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Paper I chose an article that was directed toward the study of age-associated sub-fertility in women. The objective was to characterize and validate a bovine model for the study of age-associated sub-fertility. A hypothesis used by this particular research team as stated by (Malhi, P.), “We hypothesized that aging in cattle is associated with elevated circulating concentrations of FSH, and reduced concentrations of steroid hormones.” This group had several hypotheses which were rejected on their way to finding a hypothesis that was supported (accepted). The experiments were conducted on female cows and their daughters, because they are similar to women. The hypothesis that was accepted is: “To conclude, endocrine, follicular and oocyte developmental changes in old cows are consistent with those reported for women approaching menopause. Therefore, our results validated the use of a bovine model to study age-associated sub-fertility in women.” This study was conducted to help women who suffer from reproductive organs due to aging. The research team decided to use female cows because they had similar reproductive organs. All of the experiments that were conducted used 13-14 year old cows from the same group, and their daughters from ages: 1-4 (mother-daughters were used to reduce variations in genetics). Some of the results from the experiments conducted are the following: Follicular wave pattern in a natural reproductive...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Hypothesis Identification Analysis Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Aaron Hansel University of Phoenix Hypothesis Identification Analysis Article Social networking websites have become increasingly popular within the last several years. Many people now use websites such as MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter to contact friends and family. This article examines the effects that these social networking websites have on the third-person effect. Initially, the author proposes three different hypotheses: 1) Whether the third-party effect actually exists in the social networking website context and, if by chance that it does, how it differs from traditional media content. 2) How such perceptual bias varies with different referent others. 3) Whether such perceptual differentials potentially lead to behavioral outcomes. For the purpose of this assignment, the focus will primarily be on the first of these three hypotheses. After the initial hypothesis was made, the author broke it down into two separate hypotheses. The first being people tend to believe that social networking websites have a greater impact on other people than on themselves. The second hypothesis developed was that people tend to exhibit a greater third-party effect on social networking websites than on traditional media. After testing the article came up with the following results. The first hypothesis, people believe that social networking...
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...Critique of Selected Epidemiological Research Article Guidelines Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to provide learners the opportunity to utilize epidemiological and biostatistical principles to critique the following research article and critique the components of the research design to determine if the design supports the research question. Course Outcomes This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes: (CO#4) Distinguish population-specific skills, understandings, and integrative abilities for genomic and primary healthcare screening of selected aggregate populations. (PO 11) (CO#5) Analyze community resources related to abnormal screening results in selected aggregate populations. (PO 2) (CO#6) Assess diverse populations within a community to ascertain health behaviors, interventions, and resources that affect health promotion and maintenance of selected aggregate populations. (PO 1) (CO#7) Detail graphs and numerical summaries as descriptive statistical aids in determining a course of action relative to selected aggregate populations. (PO 7) (CO#8) Define probability concepts and standard probability distributions to formulate a course of action relative to selected aggregate populations. (PO 4) (CO#11) Generate hypotheses, equate appropriate statistical tests, assess the validity of the tests, and use test results to decide on a course of action relative to selected aggregate populations. (PO 7) (CO#12) Differentiate parametric...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Vanessa Redlinger RES 342 October 10, 2011 Roger Gibb Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis In an article entitled “The Teaching of Marketing Research in Relation to Industry Needs” from the Journal of Marketing, has a unique research question. The research question is how the subject matter of present marketing research courses compares with the type of work encountered in commercial research. The hypothesis was to find out what teachers were teaching in the classroom and find if it closely related to what those in the industry considered important and essential. The way this was accomplished was through having surveys completed by two groups – teachers and industry research personnel. Forty-six of the ninety teachers that received the survey responded. One hundred twenty-three of the two hundred seventy-seven of the industry research personnel responded. The survey questions were more open in nature, by not tying those surveyed to particular scenarios. Both groups were supplied with basically the same survey in which they ranked different items as essential, valuable but not essential, interesting buy not essential, or limited. Doing the survey in this manner helped remove any bias that might result from those being surveyed. The article also brought up an interesting side-note about one variable that was not considered in this particular survey. The ability of each individual teacher plays a large role in how students...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Robert P. Ranelle II RES/342 July 21, 2011 Professor James Krause Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis When it comes to defining the hypothesis a person looks for the temporarily accepted explanation required to understand certain events or phenomena. He or she does this to provide direction toward further investigation. The researcher may find the hypothesis to either be proven correct or in error, but there must exist a degree of rejection concerning the hypothesis. If the hypothesis remains unrefuted by facts, then the hypothesis is said to be verified or corroborated (BusinessDictionary.com, 2011). I reviewed the article “Inclusive Schools and Dropout Rates: A Phenomenological Approach” by Connie F. Holloway. The hypothesis involved how high schools in the study impacted students, the relationship between these schools and the increasing number of high school dropouts, and whether or not these students graduated without the skills or knowledge necessary to secure employment (Holloway, 2010). The study explained how educators expressed concerns with the increasing numbers of high school students not graduating, and how those who did graduated without the necessary tools for gainful employment. The study explains how this problem negatively affects the labor market and hurts the economy in this country. That many of the students are between 14 to 16, and come from lower income Black and Latino...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Tangi, H., Greenwood, G., et al (2004). Cigarette smoking among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals: how serious a problem? Cancer Causes and Control 15, 797-803. This article seeks to show evidence that the smoking rate among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals is higher than that of heterosexuals. The data was collected in association with the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. The sample was drawn by telephone survey in which the numbers were randomly generated by computer. The method of sampling was stratified sampling in which the strata were counties in the area being sampled from. The proportions of participants in each strata were obtained from county population estimates. One possible flaw with this study was that respondents were asked to self-identify as being homosexual. To the extent that some homosexuals were unwilling to tell the truth about their sexual orientation, the results of the study may be biased. That is, there may have been a sizable number of “closeted” homosexuals in the heterosexual population. The means of analysis was logistic regression. This is approach is like ordinary least squares regression, but the response variable, rather than being normally distributed are binary. Hence, linear regression is not a reasonable approach to this. This research uses demographic characteristics such as race, gender, level of education, and income as control variables. The hypothesis that is being tested is...
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...Hypothesis Identification Article Analysis Rebecca Hurtado RES/342 January 17, 2011 Deborah Green ABSTRACT The article discusses the experiences that scientists have during graduate school and beyond in order to identify factors that may add difficulty to obtaining and maintaining a career in science, and the role gender plays in this journey (Wyss & Tai, 2010). The dealing between professional life and family life of the scientists and science graduates was analyzed by interview data. The outcome of the interviews indicated a conflict between family and science work. A hypothesis is a tentative statement that proposes a possible explanation to a research study. It can consist of making observations and predicting why a specific event occurs. This basically means there is a possible solution for a problem based on the knowledge and research of the subject. There are five steps involved when testing a hypothesis. These steps are explaining the research question, specify the null and alternative hypothesis, calculate the test statistic, compute the probability of test statistic or rejection region, and state the conclusions. The article I am reviewing is “Conflicts between Graduate study in Science and Family Life” by Vanessa L. Wyss and Robert H. Tai. The article discussed was whether women scientists report a problem between their work and their family at a larger occurrence than men and if they...
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...Research is the systematic investigation into existing or new knowledge.[citation needed] It is used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. In order to test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects, or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation,discovery, interpretation, or the research and development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, etc. Contents [hide] * 1 Forms of research * 2 Etymology * 3 Definitions * 4 Steps in conducting research * 5 Scientific research * 6 Historical method * 7 Research methods * 8 Publishing * 9 Research funding * 10 Original research * 10.1 Different forms * 11 Artistic research * 12 See also * 13 References * 14 Further reading * 15 External links | ------------------------------------------------- [edit]Forms of research Scientific research relies on the application of the scientific method, a harnessing of curiosity. This research provides scientific information...
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