Davis and Moore's views on inequality in pay and its impact on organizationsCompetition is needed to motivate people to thrive in an economy or society (argue that inequality and pay is necessary to motivate people for their important organizational positions). |
Emile DurkheimBelieved in functionalism and the scientific method; saw society as a set of independent parts that maintain a system but each separate part has a function.k, | Max WeberA famous German sociologist, came up with the Bureaucracy Theory, believing that the bureaucracy is the most powerful and efficient form of organization developed. |

Karl MarxCommunist Manifesto, Marx is a socialist, says after modern industry, society split between middle class (bourgeoisie) and modern working class(proletariat), that next working class would take over, should make a socialist society of revolutionary workers. Followed theory of Hegel. | Talcott ParsonsTheory of complementarity argues that the social differentiation between male and female roles is functionally necessary for social cohesion and survival. |

Means of social inequality: * Income and wealth: Some people have more money than others. * Occupation: People work at different kinds of jobs. * Innate ability: People are born with innate differences, from appearance to brainpower. * Motivation: For various reasons, some people try harder at tasks than others do. * Connections: People have different — and differently sized — social circles. * Credentials: Official credentials like academic degrees and professional certifications are possessed by some people and not others. * Specialized knowledge: Each individual has a particular set of skills and experiences, which differ from others. * Race/sex/caste discrimination: In all societies, there is widespread discrimination against certain groups of people based on their physical characteristics or the families they were born into. * Age discrimination: In all societies, people are, to some extent, treated differently based on how old they are.